Rad21 is the core subunit of cohesin complex in directing genome organization
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA759574 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR15687220_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15687220_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15687221_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15687221_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR15687222_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:In eukaryotes, the nuclear chromatin in the interphase is a hierarchical organization. Previous studies have suggested that cohesin-DNA interactions play important architectural functions for chromatin structure in the interphase. In this study, we applied super-resolution imaging, single-molecule imaging to measure the distribution of cohesin subunits. Hi-C and RNA-seq were used to reveal the 3D genome structures alterations and the relationship with breast cancer upon Rad21 up-regulation. Hi-C experiment showed that the contact frequency of short distance was increased while that of long distance was decreased in the absence of Rad21 up-regulation. Chromatin interactions between A and B compartments increased and compartmentalization strength was reduced significantly upon Rad21 up-regulation. Correspondingly, accumulated contacts were shown at TAD corners and inter-TAD interactions increased. These observations support cohesin loop extrusion model and lead us to propose the unique role of Rad21-loader interaction in cohesin loading and further cohesin extrusion. Moreover, we combined transcriptome changes and chromatin structure alterations upon Rad21 up-regulation and revealed the correlation between Rad21 and breast cancer by affecting chromatin architecture.
2022-05-01 | GSE183186 | GEO
Project description:Rad21 is a subunit of cohesin. The main function of cohesin is to hold replicated chromosomes together until cells divide, but it also plays a role in gene expression. To find out which genes might be regulated by cohesin, a study was conducted to look for global changes in gene expression in zebrafish embryos lacking cohesin component Rad21. The zebrafish Rad21 mutant used for expression analysis was rad21nz171, an allele isolated in a forward genetic screen for regulators of runx1. Experiment Overall Design: RNA from rad21nz171 mutant and wild type zebrafish embryos collected at 24 hours post-fertilization (h.p.f.) and 48 h.p.f. was hybridized to Affymetrix microarrays (Gene Chip zebrafish genome arrays cat. no. 900488). Four pools of 50 embryos for each genotype and time point were used as the RNA source, and RNA from each pool was hybridized independently such that the experiment had four biological replicates.
2009-11-10 | E-GEOD-18795 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BackgroundThe ring-shaped cohesin complex is an important factor for the formation of chromatin loops and topologically associating domains (TADs) by loop extrusion. However, the regulation of association between cohesin and chromatin is poorly understood. In this study, we use super-resolution imaging to reveal the unique role of cohesin subunit RAD21 in cohesin loading and chromatin structure regulation.ResultsWe directly visualize that up-regulation of RAD21 leads to excessive chromatin loop extrusion into a vermicelli-like morphology with RAD21 clustered into foci and excessively loaded cohesin bow-tying a TAD to form a beads-on-a-string-type pattern. In contrast, up-regulation of the other four cohesin subunits results in even distributions. Mechanistically, we identify that the essential role of RAD21 is attributed to the RAD21-loader interaction, which facilitates the cohesin loading process rather than increasing the abundance of cohesin complex upon up-regulation of RAD21. Furthermore, Hi-C and genomic analysis reveal how RAD21 up-regulation affects genome-wide higher-order chromatin structure. Accumulated contacts are shown at TAD corners while inter-TAD interactions increase after vermicelli formation. Importantly, we find that in breast cancer cells, the expression of RAD21 is aberrantly high with poor patient survival and RAD21 forms beads in the nucleus. Up-regulated RAD21 in HeLa cells leads to compartment switching and up-regulation of cancer-related genes.ConclusionsOur results provide key insights into the molecular mechanism by which RAD21 facilitates the cohesin loading process and provide an explanation to how cohesin and loader work cooperatively to promote chromatin extrusion, which has important implications in construction of three-dimensional genome organization.
| S-EPMC10303866 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rad21 is a subunit of cohesin. The main function of cohesin is to hold replicated chromosomes together until cells divide, but it also plays a role in gene expression. To find out which genes might be regulated by cohesin, a study was conducted to look for global changes in gene expression in zebrafish embryos lacking cohesin component Rad21. The zebrafish Rad21 mutant used for expression analysis was rad21nz171, an allele isolated in a forward genetic screen for regulators of runx1.
2009-10-30 | GSE18795 | GEO
Project description:RAD21 is a subunit of cohesin. Cohesin is maninly known for its role in holding sister chromatids together during cell-division but it also plays a role in gene regulation. Genome wide study in MCF7 cells have shown that cohesin co-binds with estrogen receptor alpha at numerous sites. To identify estrogen sensitive genes that are influenced by cohesin, a microarray expression analysis was conducted in MCF7 cells lacking the cohesin subunit RAD21. Global changes in gene expression were identified in cells treated with Control/RAD21 siRNA and stimulated with estrogen/vehicle thereafter.
2016-01-30 | GSE59908 | GEO
Project description:We used ChIP-seq to measure the binding of the cohesin subunit Rad21 in response to daunorubicin treatment in HCT116 cells
2016-09-30 | GSE86191 | GEO
Project description:Sequencing files provided here include mouse liver ChIP-seq for CTCF and the cohesin subunit Rad21. These files are part of a larger study ("CTCF and Cohesin link sex-biased distal regulatory elements to sex-biased gene expression in mouse liver") where we compare CTCF and cohesin binding in male and female mouse liver as well as differences in chromatin conformation (DNA looping).
2020-07-07 | GSE130908 | GEO
Project description:We explored the relationship between the evolutionary dynamics of CTCF binding and the functional stability of higher order genome structures, by performing ChIP-seq experiments in closely related Mus species or strains and intersecting with Hi-C-derived topologically associating domains (TADs) and expression data. All experiments were performed in adult male liver samples in 3 biological replicates and with an input control set. We also generated RAD21 (cohesin subunit) ChIP-seq from a replicate of adult male mouse (C57BL/6J) liver to determine localization of cohesin with respect to CTCF.
2019-11-20 | E-MTAB-8014 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The Cohesin complex has recently been described to regulate gene expression. We wanted to determine the gene expression profile specific in mouse ES cells after depletion of the Cohesin subunit Rad21. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression underlying depletion of Rad21 and identified distinct early development related genes up-regulated and many pluripotency related genes downregulated. Rad21 was depleted in R1/E ES cells for 48h using esiRNAs against Rad21. An esiRNA against non-targeting Luciferase was used as a negative control
2011-05-19 | E-GEOD-23923 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cohesin loss-of-function mutations are frequently observed in tumors, but the mechanism is unclear. Here, we found that depletion of RAD21, a core subunit of cohesin, leads to massive genome-wide DNA breaks, up to five-fold, and 147 translocation hotspot genes that are co-mutated with cohesin in multiple cancers. Increased DNA damages are independent of RAD21-loss-induced transcription alteration and loop anchor elimination. However, damage-induced chromosomal translocations coincide with the asymmetrically distributed Okazaki fragments of DNA replication, suggesting that RAD21 depletion causes replication stresses evidenced by the slower replication speed and increased stalled forks. Mechanistically, approximately 30% of the human genome exhibits an earlier replication timing after RAD21 depletion, caused by the early initiation of >900 extra dormant origins. Correspondingly, most translocation hotspot genes lie in timing-altered regions. Therefore, we conclude that cohesin dysfunction causes replication stresses induced by excessive DNA replication initiation, resulting in gross DNA damages that may promote tumorigenesis.
2023-05-18 | GSE230504 | GEO