Global profiling of genes expressed in silk glands of Philippine-reared mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori)
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PROVIDER: PRJNA763387 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:This study aims to bridge the gap in our knowledge of Philippine-reared silkworm by analyzing the gene expression profiles in the silkworm silk glands through next generation sequencing. RNA was isolated from the silk glands of 5th instar larvae and mRNA-enriched libraries were sequenced with NextSeq 500 (Illumina). To compare gene expression profiles of strains from CAR (Benguet) and TCMO (Misamis Oriental), DESeq2 analysis was performed. DESeq2 found 476 differentially expressed genes (222 upregulated, 254 downregulated) in CAR strains when compared to TCMO strains. Genes were mapped to protein IDs from the NCBI nr database and GO terms were assigned by mapping to the latest annotation data from KAIKObase. Enrichment of GO terms was analyzed using R package goseq. Among the top DEGs are myrosinase, heat shock proteins, serine protease inhibitors, dehydrogenases, and regulators of juvenile hormone. GO term enrichment analysis reveals overrepresentation of GO terms related to the biological processes nucleotide metabolism and biosynthesis, lipid and carbohydrate metabolic processes, regulation of transcription, and molecular functions related to nucleotide binding, protein binding, and metal binding, catalytic activity, oxidoreductase activity, and hydrolase activity. This study provides for the first time valuable information on the transcriptome of B. mori strains in the Philippines, which are adapted to the tropical environment. The transcriptome assemblies may serve as a resource for studies intended to improve local strains, particularly for increasing silk production.
2022-07-31 | GSE184152 | GEO
Project description:Background. Silkworm pupae (SWP) is the main by-product of the sericulture industry with an interesting nutritional profile, especially in terms of proteins. In consideration of its possible use as a food or food ingredient in Western countries, a comparative proteomic experiment has been performed to investigate the differences of the protein profile of male and female SWP reared on mulberry leaves or on an artificial diet. Methods. The nutritional profile of lyophilized SWP in terms of dry matter and ash was evaluated according to the AOAC procedures, the total nitrogen content was determined by a nitrogen analyzer and the SWP gross energy value was measured using an adiabatic calorimetric bomb. The comparative proteomic analysis was performed on male and female SWP reared on mulberry leaves or on the artificial diet. Proteins were separated by Bidimensional Electrophoresis (2DE) and, after a multivariate statistical analysis, the differentially expressed proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS. Results. The comparative proteomic approach highlighted 47 SWP proteins differentially expressed comparing diet and gender. PCA analysis showed that 7 proteins were more effective in discriminating the sex and 5 were more effective in discriminating the diet type. In spite of the above mentioned differences in the SWP protein profile, no strong alteration of the pupa physiological traits have been demonstrated, suggesting a general SWP flexibility to adapt to a well-balanced artificial diet. Differences in lipid transport and metabolism were found among the experimental groups, that might have a relevant effect on the timing, on hormone secretion and, in turn, on insect voltinism. This aspect may also affect silk production, as univoltine strains are the most productive. Although this is a preliminary study, the proteomic data may offer a contribution in understanding also the influence of gender and farming strategy on the allergen profile of B. mori, when used as food or as a food ingredient. Since female silkworm pupae reared on mulberry leaves seemed to contain lower levels of known allergens than those reared in the other experimental conditions, we speculated that these findings may help when farming B. mori for food production purposes. However, these results need to be supported by further characterization of the allergenic potential of B. mori.
2019-06-03 | PXD012869 | Pride
Project description:Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is one of the most acute infectious diseases in silkworm, which has caused great economic loss in sericulture. Previous study showed that the content of components in mulberry leaves, particularly for moracin N, was increased after UV-B irradiation. In this study, the BmNPV resistance of silkworms reared on UV-B treated and moracin N spreaded mulberry leaves was improved. To uncover the mechanism of enhanced BmNPV resistance, silkworm midguts from UV-B treated mulberry leaves (BUM) and moracin N (BNM) groups were analyzed by SWATH-based proteomic technique. Of note, the abundance of ribosomal proteins in BUM and BNM groups was significantly changed to maintain the synthesis of total protein levels and cell survival. While, cytochrome c oxidase subunit II, calcium ATPase and programmed cell death 4 involved in apoptotic process were up-regulated in BNM group. Expressions of lipase-1, serine protease precursor, Rab1 protein, and histone genes were increased significantly in BNM group. These results suggest that moracin N might be the main active components in UV-B treated mulberry leaves to affect the BmNPV-resistance of silkworm, which could promote apoptotic cell death, enhance the organism immunity, and regulate the intercellular environment of cells in silkworm. It also presents an innovative process to reduce the mortality rate of silkworm infected with BmNPV.
2017-06-01 | PXD006136 | Pride
Project description:The silk gland development has a greater impact on silk yields in silkworms. Silk glands from three pure silkworm strains (A798, A306, and XH) with different silk gland weight phenotypes were compared using transcriptome, proteomics, and WGCNA. Five genes (BGIBMGA002524, BGIBMGA002629, BGIBMGA005659, BGIBMGA005711, and BGIBMGA010889) may be strongly associated with the growth of silk glands to be confirmed. These DEGs encoded alkylglycerol monooxygenase (AGMO), glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), zonadhesin (ZAN), odorant binding protein (OBPs), and β-fructofuranosidase (INV), respectively. PCR and ELISA were used to verify the mRNA and protein expression of five genes in the silk glands and tissues of 18 silkworm strains. The GO results showed that four genes have higher levels of expression and participate in glycogen metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and branched-chain amino acid metabolism, thus, promoting growth and silk proteins synthesis.
2023-08-02 | GSE239380 | GEO
Project description:The silkworm silk gland is one of the most efficient protein synthesis systems among all organisms. Its amazingly efficient protein synthesis makes the silk gland a desirable object for basic studies on gene expression and regulation and for biotechnological applications. At the early stages of the fifth (final) instar, the cellular structures necessary for the synthesis of fibroin are rapidly formed, and at the later stage the synthesis of fibroin proceeds at a maximum rate. The posterior silk gland (PSG) is the longest suborgan and is responsible for the synthesis of the silk core protein fibroin, which is composed of heavy (H) and light (L) chains plus P25. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression in silkworm PSG during the late larval stages, including the fourth molting (M4) and day 1 (V1), day 3 (V3), day 5 (V5), and day 7 (wandering stage, W) of the fifth instar, and to reveal the correlations of differential expression genes with the PSG development and fibroin synthesis.
2012-12-05 | GSE26172 | GEO
Project description:The silkworm silk gland is one of the most efficient protein synthesis systems among all organisms. Its amazingly efficient protein synthesis makes the silk gland a desirable object for basic studies on gene expression and regulation and for biotechnological applications. At the early stages of the fifth (final) instar, the cellular structures necessary for the synthesis of fibroin are rapidly formed, and at the later stage the synthesis of fibroin proceeds at a maximum rate. The posterior silk gland (PSG) is the longest suborgan and is responsible for the synthesis of the silk core protein fibroin, which is composed of heavy (H) and light (L) chains plus P25. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression in silkworm PSG during the late larval stages, including the fourth molting (M4) and day 1 (V1), day 3 (V3), day 5 (V5), and day 7 (wandering stage, W) of the fifth instar, and to reveal the correlations of differential expression genes with the PSG development and fibroin synthesis. Silkworm PSGs were collected at M4, V1, V3, V5, and W stages for RNA extraction and hybridization on 23K Silkworm Genome Arrays (CapitalBio Corp., Beijing, China). Three groups of biological replicates were prepared at each time point.Dual-dye experiments were performed for the PSG at M4, V1, V3, V5, and W; a total of 15 samples were tested including three biological replicates at each stage. Aliquots of each test sample were pooled as a common reference sample (CKA). The test samples and CKA were labeled with Cy3 and Cy5, respectively.
2012-12-05 | E-GEOD-26172 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Human utilization of the mulberry-silkworm interaction started at least 5,000 years ago and greatly influenced world history through the Silk Road. Complementing the silkworm genome sequence, here we describe the genome of a mulberry species (Morus notabilis C. K. Schneider). In the 330 Mb genome assembly of M. notabilis, we identified 128 Mb of repetitive sequences and 29,338 genes, 60.8% of which were supported by transcriptome sequencing. Mulberry gene sequences appear to evolve ~3 times faster than other Rosales, perhaps facilitating its spread to Europe, Africa, and America. It is among few eudicots but several Rosales not preserving genome duplications in more than 100 million years – however neopolyploid series in mulberry and several others suggest that new duplications may confer benefits. Strikingly, five predicted mulberry miRNAs were found in the hemolymph and silkglands of silkworm, suggesting profound molecular level interactions that promise to expand knowledge of plant-herbivore relationship which constitute key elements of most terrestrial habitats. In addition, we investigated the characters of hemolymph small RNA. small mRNA profiles of silkworm hemolymph in the fifth instar day-5 silkworm were generated by deep sequencing, in twice, using Illumina Hiseq 2000.
2013-09-12 | E-GEOD-48168 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Human utilization of the mulberry-silkworm interaction started at least 5,000 years ago and greatly influenced world history through the Silk Road. Complementing the silkworm genome sequence, here we describe the genome of a mulberry species (Morus notabilis C. K. Schneider). In the 330 Mb genome assembly of M. notabilis, we identified 128 Mb of repetitive sequences and 29,338 genes, 60.8% of which were supported by transcriptome sequencing. Mulberry gene sequences appear to evolve ~3 times faster than other Rosales, perhaps facilitating its spread to Europe, Africa, and America. It is among few eudicots but several Rosales not preserving genome duplications in more than 100 million years – however neopolyploid series in mulberry and several others suggest that new duplications may confer benefits. Strikingly, five predicted mulberry miRNAs were found in the hemolymph and silkglands of silkworm, suggesting profound molecular level interactions that promise to expand knowledge of plant-herbivore relationship which constitute key elements of most terrestrial habitats. In addition, we investigated the characters of hemolymph small RNA.
2013-09-12 | GSE48168 | GEO
Project description:The silk gland (SG) of the domesticated silkworm Bombyx mori, an economically important insect that has been used for silk production for over 5000 years, is a remarkable organ that produces vast amounts of silk with exceptional properties . Little is known about which SG cells execute silk protein synthesis and its precise spatiotemporal control. Here, we used single-cell RNA-seq to build a comprehensive cell atlas of the B. mori SG, consisting of 14,972 high-quality cells representing 10 distinct cell types, in three early developmental stages. We annotated all 10 cell types and determined their distributions in each region of the SG, decoded their developmental trajectory and gene-switch status, and discovered marker genes involved in the regulation of SG development and silk protein synthesis. Our study reveals the high heterogeneity of B. mori SG cells and their gene expression dynamics for the first time, affording a deeper understanding of silk-producing organs at the single-cell level .
2022-05-06 | GSE193279 | GEO
Project description:We collected a total of 9.8 million mass spectra data generated in the laboratory from the proteomics analyses of different silkworm tissues, including the posterior silk gland (29), middle silk gland (30), ovary and testis (31), head (32), brain, prothoracic glands, subesophageal ganglion (33), hemolymph (34), fat body (35) and embryo (36,37) of domestic silkworm, and the posterior silk gland of wild silkworm (38).
2019-07-01 | PXD009671 | Pride