Project description:A newly developed “branched tail” oxyquinoline, neuradapt, and its variants are an order of magnitude more effective HIF prolyl hydroxylase (HIF PHD) inhibitors than roxadustat and vadadustat in HIF1 ODD-luc reporter assay. Structure-activity relationships and computer modeling for the oxyquinoline inhibitors point to the plausible engagement of the pyridine ring nitrogen in interaction with Asp254 residue inside the active site pocket. 2-Methyl-substituted variant of neuradapt was found active in the reporter assay and equally effective in pretreatment paradigm of oxygen glucose deprivation model in neuroblastoma cell line. Microtranscriptomic analysis of the signaling pathways induced by two neuradapt variants in comparison with roxadustat and dimethyl oxalyl glycine shows extreme potency of novel inhibitors working at low micromolar concentrations. Neuradapt and its 2-methyl analog exert the same activation of glycolytic and other HIF-triggered pathways, but result in distinct effects on pathways linked to alternative substrates of HIF PHD1/3 such as p53, NfkB, ATF4, etc. This finding can be interpreted as the specificity of the 2-methyl-substituted variant for HIF PHD2.
Project description:Background: With the growing availability of entire genome sequences, an increasing number of scientists can exploit oligonucleotide microarrays for genome-scale expression studies. While probe-design is a major research area, relatively little work has been reported on the optimization of microarray protocols. Results: As shown in this study, suboptimal conditions can have considerable impact on biologically relevant observations. For example, deviation from the optimal temperature by one degree Celsius lead to a loss of 44% of differentially expressed genes identified. While genes from thousands of Gene Ontology categories were affected, transcription factors and other low-copy-number regulators were disproportionately lost. Calibrated protocols are thus required in order to take full advantage of the large dynamic range of microarrays. For an objective optimization of protocols we introduce an approach that maximizes the amount of information obtained per experiment. A comparison of two typical samples is sufficient for this calibration. We ensure, however, that optimization results are independent of the samples and the specific measures used for calibration. Both simulations and spike-in experiments confirm an unbiased determination of generally optimal experimental conditions. Conclusions: Well calibrated hybridization conditions are thus easily achieved and necessary for the efficient detection of differential expression. They are essential for the sensitive profiling of low-copy-number molecules. This is particularly critical for studies of transcription factor expression, or the inference and study of regulatory networks. Supporting material, including source code and data, is available at http://bioinf.boku.ac.at/pub/optMA2010/. Optimization of hybridization temperature via an assessment of differential expression between two samples (male vs female Drosophila melanogaster) in 6 technical replicates (3 regular + 3 dye-swaps) for hybridizations at different temperatures (in two batches of 50, 52, 54, and 56; and 47, 49, 50, and 51 degree Celsius, with the repeated hybridization at 50 degree Celsius serving to demonstrate batch-to-batch stability).
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE17162: Structural and Functional Analysis of Viral siRNAs using Solexa sequencing GSE17164: Structural and Functional Analysis of Viral siRNAs using 454 sequencing Refer to individual Series
Project description:Genomic, transcriptomic, and structural analysis of Pseudomonas virus PA5oct highlights the molecular complexity among Jumbo phages