ABSTRACT: Transcriptomic Snapshot of the wedge clam Donax trunculus containing Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxins in the Threshold Value Permitted for Human Consumption
Project description:Effluent from geoduck clam larval rearing tanks at two different pH (8.2 and 7.1) was collected at 4 time points (Days 1, 5, 8, and 12) over 12 days in a shellfish hatchery in Washington state, USA. The water was filtered to 0.2 microns to retain the bacterial fraction.
Project description:Diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP) is caused by the consumption of shellfish contaminated with a group of phycotoxins that includes okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1), and dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX-2). These toxins are inhibitors of serine/threonine protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A), but show distinct levels of toxicity. Aside from a difference in PP inhibition potency that would explain these differences in toxicity, others mechanisms of action are thought to be involved. Therefore, we investigated and compared which mechanisms are involved in the toxicity of these three analogues. As the intestine is one of the target organs, we studied the transcriptomic profiles of human intestinal Caco-2 cells exposed to OA, DTX-1, and DTX-2. The pathways specifically affected by each toxin treatment were further confirmed through the expression of key genes and markers of toxicity. Our results did not identify any distinct biological mechanism for OA and DTX-2. However, only DTX-1 induced up-regulation of the MAPK transduction signalling pathway, and down-regulation of gene products involved in the regulation of DNA repair. As a consequence, based on transcriptomic results, we demonstrated that the higher toxicity of DTX-1 compared to OA and DTX-2 was consistent with certain specific pathways involved in intestinal cell response.
2020-10-10 | GSE159293 | GEO
Project description:Identifying the source organisms producing paralytic shellfish toxins in Daya Bay, China
Project description:Okadaic acid (OA) is a marine biotoxin that can induce diarrheic shellfish poisoning upon consumption. It can accumulate in filter-feeding shellfish, thereby reaching the human food chain. In addition to inducing severe gastrointestinal symptoms, OA can pass the intestinal barrier into the bloodstream, thereby reaching the liver. However, the effects of OA on the liver have not been much in the focus of research so far. Therefore, this study now focuses on elucidating changes in the proteome of HepaRG cells induced by OA. Furthermore, as a potent phosphatase inhibitor, we expected changes in the phosphoproteome of the cells. Therefore, we further investigated the phosphoproteome of the HepaRG cells after OA exposure. Results revealed changes in enzyme activity regulation, cytoskeleton organization and energy metabolism.
Project description:Arundo donax L. is one of the most promising bioenergy crop due to its high biomass yield and low irrigation requirement. The resistance to biotic and abiotic stress causes the high invasiveness of this plant, which can grow with very low management input (e.g., pesticides, fertilization, irrigation) even in marginal lands or in fields irrigated with waste or salty water. We report the leaf transcriptome sequencing, de novo assembly and annotation of a giant reed G34 genotype under salt stress. This genotype shows a different transcriptomic response to salinity compared to other A. donax genotypes. This finding was unexpected considering that the genetic variability of this species is supposed to be low due to its vegetative reproductive process. This study aims to direct future efforts towards the A. donax genetic improvement.