Project description:We report the use of differential RNA-sequencing for the determination of the primary transcriptome of the fur perR mutant of Campylobacter jejuni NCTC 11168. This allows for the genome-wide determination of transcription start sites. Campylobacter jejuni NCTC 11168 fur perR mutant was grown to late log phase, RNA was purified and used for differential RNA-sequencing by 454 sequencing with barcoded libraries, and used for determination of genome-wide transcription start sites
Project description:Whole genome sequencing of SYBARIS Aspergillus spp. known to be multi-drug resistant and difficult to treat. Aim of this experiment is to investigate the genetic basis of susceptibility to disease and elucidate molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in these strains.
Project description:Primary objectives: The primary objective is to investigate circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) via deep sequencing for mutation detection and by whole genome sequencing for copy number analyses before start (baseline) with regorafenib and at defined time points during administration of regorafenib for treatment efficacy in colorectal cancer patients in terms of overall survival (OS).
Primary endpoints: circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) via deep sequencing for mutation detection and by whole genome sequencing for copy number analyses before start (baseline) with regorafenib and at defined time points during administration of regorafenib for treatment efficacy in colorectal cancer patients in terms of overall survival (OS).
Project description:The pathogenic bacterium Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide yet it does not grow in the aerobic environment. The paralogues RrpA and RrpB which are members of MarR family of DNA binding proteins have been shown to be important for the survival of C. jejuni under aerobic and redox stress. We report that RrpA is a positive regulator of mdaB, encoding a flavin-dependent quinone reductase. MdaB confers protection to the cell from redox stress mediated by structurally diverse quinones. RrpB negatively regulates the expression of nfrA (Cj1555c), a flavin reductase. NfrA reduces riboflavin at a much higher rate than flavin mononucleotide (FMN),suggesting exogenous free flavins are the natural substrate. Enzymatic activity of MdaB and NfrA towards their substrates revealed both reductases preferred NADPH as an electron donor. DNA-binding and post translational modification analyses showed that the mechanism of RrpA and RrpB DNA binding is likely a cysteine-based redox switch. Complete genome sequences analysis indicated that MdaB is predominant in Campylobacter spp. and the related Helicobacter spp., whilst NfrA is more often found in C. jejuni strains. Quinones and flavins are antimicrobial redox cycling agents secreted by a wide range of cell-types that can form damaging superoxide by one-electron reactions. We propose that MdaB and NfrA production allows a two-electron reduction mechanism to the less toxic quinol forms. These enzymes thus aid the survival and persistence of C. jejuni in the face of toxic compounds from competing microbes.
Project description:The pathogenic bacterium Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide yet it does not grow in the aerobic environment. The paralogues RrpA and RrpB which are members of MarR family of DNA binding proteins have been shown to be important for the survival of C. jejuni under aerobic and redox stress. We report that RrpA is a positive regulator of mdaB, encoding a flavin-dependent quinone reductase. MdaB confers protection to the cell from redox stress mediated by structurally diverse quinones. RrpB negatively regulates the expression of nfrA (Cj1555c), a flavin reductase. NfrA reduces riboflavin at a much higher rate than flavin mononucleotide (FMN),suggesting exogenous free flavins are the natural substrate. Enzymatic activity of MdaB and NfrA towards their substrates revealed both reductases preferred NADPH as an electron donor. DNA-binding and post translational modification analyses showed that the mechanism of RrpA and RrpB DNA binding is likely a cysteine-based redox switch. Complete genome sequences analysis indicated that MdaB is predominant in Campylobacter spp. and the related Helicobacter spp., whilst NfrA is more often found in C. jejuni strains. Quinones and flavins are antimicrobial redox cycling agents secreted by a wide range of cell-types that can form damaging superoxide by one-electron reactions. We propose that MdaB and NfrA production allows a two-electron reduction mechanism to the less toxic quinol forms. These enzymes thus aid the survival and persistence of C. jejuni in the face of toxic compounds from competing microbes.
Project description:We report the use of differential RNA-sequencing for the determination of the primary transcriptome of wildtype Campylobacter jejuni NCTC 11168. This allows for the genome-wide determination of transcription start sites.