Hepatic unfolded protein response in liver transplant patients
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PROVIDER: PRJNA840895 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The hepatic unfolded protein response (UPR) is an adaptive cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress that is important in the pathogenesis of many liver diseases. In this study, we utilized liver biopsies from patients after liver transplantation as a disease model to determine the transcriptional profile and hepatic UPR gene expression that is associated with liver injury and cholestasis.
2022-08-17 | GSE203453 | GEO
Project description:mRNA changes induced by Unfolded protein response
| PRJNA532892 | ENA
Project description:miRNA changes induced by Unfolded protein response
| PRJNA482755 | ENA
Project description:Islet transplantation exposes beta cells to mild hyperglycemia and to the abnormal environment of the transplant site. These conditions may affect beta cells and induce the expression of genes involved in beta cell damage. Gene expression profile of human beta cells exposed to mild hyperglycemia by transplantation into ICR-SCID mice was evaluated and compared with the gene profile of beta cells obtained from non-diabetic subjects. We found that the transplanted beta cells showed an unfolded protein response (UPR). There was upregulation of many genes of the IRE-1 pathway that provide protection against the deleterious effects of ER stress. Among them, increased expression of genes coding XBP-1; the chaperone proteins PDIA4, Bip, and Grp94; and the ER degradation proteins EDEM1 and EDEM2. ERdj4 and DNA-JC3 were also upregulated. JUK had downregulated expression. The PERK and ATF-6 arms of the ER stress response had many downregulated genes in transplanted islets. The PERK's substrates, EIF2A and NRF2, showed markedly reduced expression, as downregulated was the expression of CReP. Other downregulated genes included HERP2, IRS-2, CHOP and C/EBP-beta. In the transplanted beta cells there was significantly decreased expression of ATF-6, as well as the downstream gene products CHOP and HERP2. There was increased expression of HRD1, which exerts an antiapoptotic effect by degrading unfolded proteins. In conclusion human beta cells in a transplant site had UPR changes in gene expression that protect against the proapoptotic effects of unfolded proteins. Frozen sections were obtained from pancreases of non-diabetic subjects at surgery and from human islets transplanted into ICR-SCID mice for 4 weeks. β cell enriched samples were obtained by laser capture microdissection. RNA was extracted, amplified and subjected to microarray analysis.
2010-06-08 | E-GEOD-22097 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The unfolded protein response (UPR) is associated with the metabolic function of the liver, yet it is not well understood how endoplasmic reticulum (ER) disturbance might influence metabolic homeostasis. Here, we describe the physiological function of the Cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (Creld2), which has been previously characterized as a downstream target of the ER-stress signal transducer Atf6. Creld2 enhances protein folding and degradation through its interaction with proteins involved in UPR, thereby, promoting tolerance of chronic stress and recovery from acute stress. Using a genetic knockout model, we show that Creld2-deficiency leads to a dysregulated UPR, and causes the development of hepatic steatosis in male mice, while females are protected. We observed this sex dimorphism also in humans with fatty liver disease, with only males showing an accumulation of CRELD2 protein in the liver. These results reveal a Creld2 function at the intersection between UPR and metabolic homeostasis and suggest a mechanism in which chronic ER stress underlies fatty liver disease in males.
2021-08-18 | GSE143185 | GEO
Project description:The Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response (UPRmt), a mitochondria-originated stress response to altered mitochondrial proteostasis, plays important roles in various pathophysiological processes. In this study, we revealed that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-tethered stress sensor CREBH regulates UPRmt to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis and function in the liver. CREBH is enriched in and required for hepatic Mitochondria-Associated Membrane (MAM) expansion induced by energy demands. Under a fasting challenge or during the circadian cycle, CREBH is activated to promote expression of the genes encoding the key enzymes, chaperones, and regulators of UPRmt in the liver. Activated CREBH, cooperating with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), activates expression of Activating Transcription Factor (ATF) 5 and ATF4, two major UPRmt transcriptional regulators, independent of the ER-originated UPR (UPRER) pathways. Hepatic CREBH deficiency leads to accumulation of mitochondrial unfolded proteins, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and elevated cellular redox state. Dysregulation of mitochondrial function caused by CREBH deficiency coincides with increased hepatic mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) but decreased glycolysis. CREBH knockout mice display defects in fatty acid oxidation and increased reliance on carbohydrate oxidation for energy production. In summary, our studies uncover that hepatic UPRmt is activated through CREBH under physiological challenges, highlighting a molecular link between ER and mitochondria in maintaining mitochondrial proteostasis and energy homeostasis under stress conditions.
2024-11-15 | GSE281608 | GEO
Project description:Islet transplantation exposes beta cells to mild hyperglycemia and to the abnormal environment of the transplant site. These conditions may affect beta cells and induce the expression of genes involved in beta cell damage. Gene expression profile of human beta cells exposed to mild hyperglycemia by transplantation into ICR-SCID mice was evaluated and compared with the gene profile of beta cells obtained from non-diabetic subjects. We found that the transplanted beta cells showed an unfolded protein response (UPR). There was upregulation of many genes of the IRE-1 pathway that provide protection against the deleterious effects of ER stress. Among them, increased expression of genes coding XBP-1; the chaperone proteins PDIA4, Bip, and Grp94; and the ER degradation proteins EDEM1 and EDEM2. ERdj4 and DNA-JC3 were also upregulated. JUK had downregulated expression. The PERK and ATF-6 arms of the ER stress response had many downregulated genes in transplanted islets. The PERK's substrates, EIF2A and NRF2, showed markedly reduced expression, as downregulated was the expression of CReP. Other downregulated genes included HERP2, IRS-2, CHOP and C/EBP-beta. In the transplanted beta cells there was significantly decreased expression of ATF-6, as well as the downstream gene products CHOP and HERP2. There was increased expression of HRD1, which exerts an antiapoptotic effect by degrading unfolded proteins. In conclusion human beta cells in a transplant site had UPR changes in gene expression that protect against the proapoptotic effects of unfolded proteins.
2010-06-02 | GSE22097 | GEO
Project description:To characterize the nature of the unfolded protein response in this Toxoplasma, we carried out microarray analyses to measure the changes in the transcriptome and in translational control during ER stress.
2013-05-24 | GSE43722 | GEO
Project description:To dissect the requirements of membrane protein degradation from the ER, we expressed the mouse major histocompatibility complex class I heavy chain H-2K(b) in yeast. Like other proteins degraded from the ER, unassembled H-2K(b) heavy chains are not transported to the Golgi but are degraded in a proteasome-dependent manner. The overexpression of H-2K(b) heavy chains induces the unfolded protein response (UPR). In yeast mutants unable to mount the UPR, H-2K(b) heavy chains are greatly stabilized. This defect in degradation is suppressed by the expression of the active form of Hac1p, the transcription factor that upregulates UPR-induced genes. These results indicate that induction of the UPR is required for the degradation of protein substrates from the ER. Set of arrays organized by shared biological context, such as organism, tumors types, processes, etc. Computed
2005-08-16 | E-GEOD-3130 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To characterize the nature of the unfolded protein response in this Toxoplasma, we carried out microarray analyses to measure the changes in the transcriptome and in translational control during ER stress. Total RNA or RNA fractionated into monosomes or polysomes were purified from parasites treated with DMSO or tunicamycin for 1 hour. RNA was processed for microarray analysis using a ToxoGeneChip.
2013-05-24 | E-GEOD-43722 | biostudies-arrayexpress