Real-Time Quantitative PCR Analyis of Rat Aortic Neurospheres (ANS) treated with Activin A
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PROVIDER: PRJNA854969 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Progenitor/stem cell populations of the aorta have been poorly characterized and their self-renewal factors unknown. In this report, we demonstrate that sphere forming progenitor/stem cells, here within termed aortic neurospheres (ANS), can be cultivated from the aorta that are similar to skin-derived precursors (SKPs). Extensive mRNA transcript profiling revealed that ANS abundantly expressed the Inhibin βA transcript, of which the secreted protein dominantly formed the Inhibin βA-βA complex, or Activin A, in the proliferation medium. Co-localization of Activin A, Nestin and Sox2 was observed in the adventitial and peri-adventitial regions of the aorta, indicative of a progenitor/stem cell niche in vivo. Blockade of Activin A signaling, through the neutralization of the Type II Activin receptors ActRIIA and ActRIIB, resulted in the asymmetric differentiation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of the ANS, respectively. When treated with the latter neutralizing antibody, translocation of the ActRIIB receptor to the nucleus was observed in cells on the periphery of the sphere. Examination of the ActRIIB protein sequence showed the presence of a putative nuclear localization signal of the PY family that was conserved across species. The results from this study demonstrate that Activin A is a self-renewal factor required for maintaining ANS progenitor/stem cell identity and multipotency.
2022-07-05 | GSE207386 | GEO
Project description:Progenitor/stem cell populations of the aorta have been poorly characterized and their self-renewal factors unknown. In this report, we demonstrate that sphere forming progenitor/stem cells, here within termed aortic neurospheres (ANS), can be cultivated from the aorta that are similar to skin-derived precursors (SKPs). Extensive mRNA transcript profiling revealed that ANS abundantly expressed the Inhibin βA transcript, of which the secreted protein dominantly formed the Inhibin βA-βA complex, or Activin A, in the proliferation medium. Co-localization of Activin A, Nestin and Sox2 was observed in the adventitial and peri-adventitial regions of the aorta, indicative of a progenitor/stem cell niche in vivo. Blockade of Activin A signaling, through the neutralization of the Type II Activin receptors ActRIIA and ActRIIB, resulted in the asymmetric differentiation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of the ANS, respectively. When treated with the latter neutralizing antibody, translocation of the ActRIIB receptor to the nucleus was observed in cells on the periphery of the sphere. Examination of the ActRIIB protein sequence showed the presence of a putative nuclear localization signal of the PY family that was conserved across species. The results from this study demonstrate that Activin A is a self-renewal factor required for maintaining ANS progenitor/stem cell identity and multipotency.
2022-07-05 | GSE207380 | GEO
Project description:Real-Time Quantitative PCR Analyis of Neonatal Rat Aortic Neurospheres (ANS)
| PRJNA854951 | ENA
Project description:Progenitor/stem cell populations of the aorta have been poorly characterized and their self-renewal factors unknown. In this report, we demonstrate that sphere forming progenitor/stem cells, here within termed aortic neurospheres (ANS), can be cultivated from the aorta that are similar to skin-derived precursors (SKPs). Extensive mRNA transcript profiling revealed that ANS abundantly expressed the Inhibin βA transcript, of which the secreted protein dominantly formed the Inhibin βA-βA complex, or Activin A, in the proliferation medium. Co-localization of Activin A, Nestin and Sox2 was observed in the adventitial and peri-adventitial regions of the aorta, indicative of a progenitor/stem cell niche in vivo. Blockade of Activin A signaling, through the neutralization of the Type II Activin receptors ActRIIA and ActRIIB, resulted in the asymmetric differentiation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of the ANS, respectively. When treated with the latter neutralizing antibody, translocation of the ActRIIB receptor to the nucleus was observed in cells on the periphery of the sphere. Examination of the ActRIIB protein sequence showed the presence of a putative nuclear localization signal of the PY family that was conserved across species. The results from this study demonstrate that Activin A is a self-renewal factor required for maintaining ANS progenitor/stem cell identity and multipotency.
2022-07-05 | GSE207384 | GEO
Project description:This assay assessed genome-wide chromatin occupancy by transcription factor PBX1, alongside activity-associated histone mark H3K27ac in a primary adult neurogenic population (adult neurospheres, aNS, isolated from the ventricular-subventricular zone, V-SVZ) capable of differentiating into all neural lineages.
2024-09-18 | E-MTAB-13565 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Activin A is Required for the Self-Renewal of Aortic Sox2+ Neurospheres
| PRJNA854964 | ENA
Project description:The interaction of natural killer (NK) cells with dendritic cells (DC) results in reciprocal cell activation through the interaction of membrane proteins and the release of soluble factors. Here we report that in NK-DC cocultures, among a set of 84 cytokines investigated, activin A was the second highest induced gene, with CXCL8 being the most upregulated one. Activin A is a member of the TGF-β superfamily and was previously shown to possess both pro- and antiinflammatory activities. In NK-DC cocultures, the induction of activin A required cell contact and was dependent on the presence of proinflammatory cytokines (i.e. IFN-γ, TNF-α and GM-CSF) as well as on NK cell-mediated DC killing. CD1+ DC were the main activin A producer cells among myeloid blood DC subsets. In NK-DC cocultures, inhibition of acitivn A by follistatin, a natural inhibitory protein, or by a specific blocking antibody, resulted in the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine release (i.e. IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) by DC and in the increase of DC maturation. In conclusion, our study reports that activin A, produced during NK-DC interactions, represents a relevant negative feedback mechanism that might function to prevent excessive immune activation by DC.
2013-11-13 | GSE52306 | GEO
Project description:The interaction of natural killer (NK) cells with dendritic cells (DC) results in reciprocal cell activation through the interaction of membrane proteins and the release of soluble factors. Here we report that in NK-DC cocultures, among a set of 84 cytokines investigated, activin A was the second highest induced gene, with CXCL8 being the most upregulated one. Activin A is a member of the TGF-M-NM-2 superfamily and was previously shown to possess both pro- and antiinflammatory activities. In NK-DC cocultures, the induction of activin A required cell contact and was dependent on the presence of proinflammatory cytokines (i.e. IFN-M-NM-3, TNF-M-NM-1 and GM-CSF) as well as on NK cell-mediated DC killing. CD1+ DC were the main activin A producer cells among myeloid blood DC subsets. In NK-DC cocultures, inhibition of acitivn A by follistatin, a natural inhibitory protein, or by a specific blocking antibody, resulted in the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine release (i.e. IL-6, IL-8, TNF-M-NM-1) by DC and in the increase of DC maturation. In conclusion, our study reports that activin A, produced during NK-DC interactions, represents a relevant negative feedback mechanism that might function to prevent excessive immune activation by DC. Human CD14 positive monocytes were differentiated to DC in vitro in the presence of IL-4 (20 ng/ml) and GM-CSF (50 ng/ml) for 6 days. Immature DC were then cocultured with allogeneic IL-15-activated NK cells (at 1:1 NK:DC ratio) for 0, 2 and 6 hrs. RNA was obtained from three independent coculture experiments. Equal amount of total RNA from each experiment was pooled prior to gene expression analysis. The gene expression of common cytokines was quantified using an RT2 Profiler PCR Array (Qiagen).
2013-11-13 | E-GEOD-52306 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Primarily cultured neurospheres
| PRJNA599138 | ENA
Project description:Real-Time Quantitative PCR Analyis of Neonatal Rat Whisker Pad Skin-derived Precursors (SKPs)
| PRJNA854954 | ENA