ABSTRACT: Long Duration of Oral Care Using Maternal Own Milk Influences Oral Microbiota and Clinical Outcomes in Very-Low-Birthweight Infants: Randomized Controlled Trial
Project description:A prospective study was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University Children's hospital between September 1, 2008 and November 30, 2010. The entry criteria were (1) preterm birth below 32 weeks gestational age, (2) birthweight<1500g (VLBW). During the follow-up period, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was diagnosed in 68 (61%) infants, including 40 (36%) children with mild disease, 13 (12%) with moderate and 15 (13%) with severe BPD. Forty-three babies served as a control group (no BPD).
Project description:A prospective study was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University Children's hospital between September 1, 2008 and November 30, 2010. The entry criteria were (1) preterm birth below 32 weeks gestational age, (2) birthweight<1500g (VLBW). During the follow-up period, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was diagnosed in 68 (61%) infants, including 40 (36%) children with mild disease, 13 (12%) with moderate and 15 (13%) with severe BPD. Forty-three babies served as a control group (no BPD). One hundred twenty newborns were included at the start of the study. Three blood samples (0.3 ml) were drawn from all the study participants for microarray assessment of gene expression profiles around the 5th, 14th and 28th days of life. Note that microarrays were not taken for all patients at all time points (A,B,C).
Project description:In a randomized controlled trial, 82 older adults (>65y) with (or at risk of) undernutrition (n=82) were randomly allocated to 12 weeks of supplementation with a novel supplement (586 kcal, 22 g protein of which 50% whey and 50% casein, 206 mg ursolic acid, 7 g free BCAAs, 11 µg vitamin D) or standard care (600 kcal, 24g protein of which 100% casein, 4 µg vitamin D). Body weight increased significantly in the 12 weeks, both in the intervention group (+1.6 ± 0.2 kg, p<.0001) and in the standard care group (+1.8 ± 0.2 kg, p<.0001). Gait speed during 4m and 400m tests improved over time in the intervention group, whereas the standard care showed no improvements (time*treatment effects 400m: p=0.038 and 4m: p=0.048). Gene sets related to mitochondrial functioning were strongly upregulated in the participants receiving the intervention product. We showed that a novel oral nutritional supplement improves gait speed in older adults via improvements in mitochondrial functioning.
Project description:Maternal obesity in pregnancy is associated with increased birth-weight, obesity and premature mortality in adult offspring. The Effect of Metformin on Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnant Obese Women (EMPOWaR) trial was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial carried out to determine whether exposure to Metformin would affect the offspring birth-weight centile. Obese women exposed to Metformin had increased insulin sensitivity at 36 weeks of pregnancy, but there were no differences in offspring birthweight. We obtained the placentas from these women to determine whether there were differences in expression of genes regulating fetal growth and metabolism. In a complementary study we investigated DNA methylation in the same samples.
Project description:Maternal obesity in pregnancy is associated with increased birth-weight, obesity and premature mortality in adult offspring. The Effect of Metformin on Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnant Obese Women (EMPOWaR) trial was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial carried out to determine whether exposure to Metformin would affect the offspring birth-weight centile. Obese women exposed to Metformin had increased insulin sensitivity at 36 weeks of pregnancy, but there were no differences in offspring birthweight. We obtained the placentas from these women to determine whether there were differences in DNA methylation of genes regulating fetal growth and metabolism. In a related study we investigated the gene expression in the same samples.
Project description:Clinical and bacteriological assessment of perioperative oral management with professional oral care and antibacterial self-care agents : a Randomized Clinical Trial
Project description:To evaluate whether clarithromycin improves 28-day mortality among patients with sepsis, respiratory and multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome. The INntravenous CLArithromycin in Sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction Syndrome trial was a phase 3, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical study, conducted in 11 intensive care units and 2 Internal Medicine wards in 2 countries. Patients with sepsis, respiratory failure and total sequential organ failure assessment score of ≥7 were enrolled between December 2017 and September 2019. Follow-up lasted 90 days. Patients were randomized to receive 1 gr of intravenous clarithromycin or placebo once daily for 4 consecutive days.
