Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA861831 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR20574000_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20574000_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20574001_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20574001_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR20574002_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Permafrost soil in high latitude tundra is one of the largest terrestrial carbon (C) stocks and is highly sensitive to climate warming. Understanding microbial responses to warming induced environmental changes is critical to evaluating their influence on soil biogeochemical cycles. In this study, a functional gene array (i.e. GeoChip 4.2) was used to analyze the functional capacities of soil microbial communities collected from a naturally degrading permafrost region in Central Alaska. Varied thaw history was reported to be the main driver of soil and plant differences across a gradient of minimally, moderately and extensively thawed sites. Compared with the minimally thawed site, the number of detected functional gene probes across the 15-65 cm depth profile at the moderately and extensively thawed sites decreased by 25 % and 5 %, while the community functional gene beta-diversity increased by 34% and 45%, respectively, revealing decreased functional gene richness but increased community heterogeneity along the thaw progression. Particularly, the moderately thawed site contained microbial communities with the highest abundances of many genes involved in prokaryotic C degradation, ammonification, and nitrification processes, but lower abundances of fungal C decomposition and anaerobic-related genes. Significant correlations were observed between functional gene abundance and vascular plant primary productivity, suggesting that plant growth and species composition could be co-evolving traits together with microbial community composition. Altogether, this study reveals the complex responses of microbial functional potentials to thaw related soil and plant changes, and provides information on potential microbially mediated biogeochemical cycles in tundra ecosystems.
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Project description:The hemibiotrophic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae produces specialized biotrophic invasive hyphae (IH) that alter membrane structure and defense responses in invaded rice cells. IH successively invade live neighbor cells, apparently through plasmodesmata. Understanding fungal and rice genes that contribute to biotrophic invasion has been a challenge because so few plant cells have encountered IH at the earliest infection stages. Using a rice sheath inoculation method, we successfully enriched for infected tissue RNA that contained ~20% fungal RNA at a point when most IH were still growing in first-invaded rice cells. The RNAs were analyzed using the whole-genome M. oryzae oligoarray and a rice oligoarray. Rice genes that were induced >50-fold during infection were enriched for genes involved in transferring information from sensors to cellular responses. Fungal genes that were induced >50-fold in IH included the PWL2 avirulence gene and genes encoding hypothetical secreted proteins. The IH-specific secreted proteins are candidate effectors, proteins that the fungus secretes into live host cells to control cellular processes. Gene knock-out analyses of three putative effector genes failed to show major effects on pathogenicity. Details of the blast interaction transcriptome will provide insights on the mechanisms of biotrophic plant disease. Keywords: Disease state analysis
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Project description:The hemibiotrophic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae produces specialized biotrophic invasive hyphae (IH) that alter membrane structure and defense responses in invaded rice cells. IH successively invade live neighbor cells, apparently through plasmodesmata. Understanding fungal and rice genes that contribute to biotrophic invasion has been a challenge because so few plant cells have encountered IH at the earliest infection stages. Using a rice sheath inoculation method, we successfully enriched for infected tissue RNA that contained ~20% fungal RNA at a point when most IH were still growing in first-invaded rice cells. The RNAs were analyzed using the whole-genome M. oryzae oligoarray and a rice oligoarray. Rice genes that were induced >50-fold during infection were enriched for genes involved in transferring information from sensors to cellular responses. Fungal genes that were induced >50-fold in IH included the PWL2 avirulence gene and genes encoding hypothetical secreted proteins. The IH-specific secreted proteins are candidate effectors, proteins that the fungus secretes into live host cells to control cellular processes. Gene knock-out analyses of three putative effector genes failed to show major effects on pathogenicity. Details of the blast interaction transcriptome will provide insights on the mechanisms of biotrophic plant disease. Keywords: Disease state analysis
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