Neurotensin expressed in the granulosa cells regulates selective genes that are potentially involved in the ovulatory process
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA867593 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Neurotensin (NTS) is a small 13 amino acid neuropeptide. In the mouse ovary, the expression of Nts ovary increases 250-fold 4h after hCG. Similarly, in granulosa cells, the mRNA levels of Nts increased rapidly at 4h after hCG stimulation. Interestingly, the Nts mRNA levels in granulosa cells were approximately 8-fold higher at 4 h after hCG than in whole ovaries. However, the potential mechanisms of NTS action in the ovulatory process are unknown. The present study determined the regulatory mechanisms driving the expression of Nts and functions of the NTS using primary mouse granulosa cells. hCG activated PKA and p38MAPK signaling pathways, and inhibitors for these pathways abolished hCG-induced increases in the levels of Nts. To identify the genes regulated by NTS, high throughput RNA sequencing was performed using Nts silenced mouse granulosa cells treated with or without hCG. Sequencing data analysis revealed that Nts knockdown affects the expression of several genes that were not previously identified in the ovary. qPCR analysis verified hCG-induced, Nts-regulated expression of a selection of these genes. This study revealed novel genes regulated by NTS, thereby providing a function for NTS in the ovulatory process.
2022-10-03 | GSE210811 | GEO
Project description:Leukocytes are in situ regulators for ovarian functions. However, little is known about leukocyte subpopulations and functions in ovulatory follicles, especially in humans. This study performed single-cell RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses using follicular aspirates obtained from four IVF patients. Nineteen clusters were identified: six follicular cells, ten subsets of leukocytes, and one RBC/platelet. Using dominant follicle tissues collected throughout the periovulatory period from normally cycling women and cultured primary human granulosa/lutein cells, we determined the cell type-specific expression of PTPRC, CD68, IL1B, and IL1R1. RNA velocity analyses revealed developmental dynamics across five granulosa cell groups and two projections of granulosa cell differentiation. To understand how leukocytes promote periovulatory changes, we sought leukocyte-derived factors potentially involved in 1) granulosa cell function by activating their receptors, 2) tissue remodeling, and 3) angiogenesis in ovulatory follicles. Collectively, these findings identified diverse leukocyte-secreted factors that facilitate ovulation and luteinization in the human ovary.
2023-01-01 | GSE206143 | GEO
Project description:Follicular somatic cells (mural granulosa cells and cumulus cells) and the oocyte communicate through paracrine interactions and through direct gap junctions between oocyte and cumulus cells. Considering that mural and cumulus cells arise through a common developmental pathway and that their differentiation is essential to reproductive success, understanding how these cells differ is a key aspect to understanding their critical functions. Changes in global gene expression before and after an ovulatory stimulus were compared between cumulus and mural granulosa cells to test the hypothesis that mural and cumulus cells are highly differentiated at the time of an ovulatory stimulus and further differentiate during the periovulatory interval. The transcriptomes of the two cell types were markedly different (>1500 genes) before an ovulatory hCG bolus but converged after ovulation to become completely overlapping. The predominant transition was for the cumulus cells to become more like mural cells after hCG. This indicates that the differentiated phenotype of the cumulus cell is not stable and irreversibly established but may rather be an ongoing physiological response to the oocyte. We compared transcriptomes of mural granulosa cells isolated from the follicles before (PM-GC) and after (VVM-GC) an ovulatory stimulus. These data were analyzed with previously published cumulus cells data to compare transitions in granulosa cell state before and after an ovulatory stimulus with transitions in cumulus cells.
2012-10-04 | E-GEOD-38387 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Follicular somatic cells (mural granulosa cells and cumulus cells) and the oocyte communicate through paracrine interactions and through direct gap junctions between oocyte and cumulus cells. Considering that mural and cumulus cells arise through a common developmental pathway and that their differentiation is essential to reproductive success, understanding how these cells differ is a key aspect to understanding their critical functions. Changes in global gene expression before and after an ovulatory stimulus were compared between cumulus and mural granulosa cells to test the hypothesis that mural and cumulus cells are highly differentiated at the time of an ovulatory stimulus and further differentiate during the periovulatory interval. The transcriptomes of the two cell types were markedly different (>1500 genes) before an ovulatory hCG bolus but converged after ovulation to become completely overlapping. The predominant transition was for the cumulus cells to become more like mural cells after hCG. This indicates that the differentiated phenotype of the cumulus cell is not stable and irreversibly established but may rather be an ongoing physiological response to the oocyte.
2012-10-04 | GSE38387 | GEO
Project description:The molecular mechanisms that regulate the pivotal transformation processes observed in the follicular wall following the pre-ovulatory LH-surge, are still not established, particularly for cells of the thecal layer. To elucidate thecal and granulosa cell type-specific biological functions and signaling pathways, large dominant bovine follicles were collected before and 21 hrs after an exogenous GnRH induced LH surge. Because LH receptor density varies within the granulosa cell populations, antral granulosa (aGC; those aspirated by follicular puncture) and membrane associated granulosa (mGC; those scraped from the follicular wall) were compared to thecal cell expression profiles determined by mRNA microarrays. Thecal cell gene expression was less affected in the peri-ovulatory follicle when compared to granulosa cells, as evidenced by only 2% versus 25% of the ~11,000 genes expressed changing in response to the LH surge, respectively. The majority of the 203 LH-regulated thecal genes were also LH regulated in granulosa cells, leaving a total of 58 genes as LH-regulated theca cell specific genes. Most of the 58 genes (i.e., 74%) thecal specific genes including several known thecal markers (CYP17A1, NR5A1) were downregulated, while most genes identified are new to theca. Many of the newly identified upregulated thecal genes (e.g., PTX3, RND3, PPP4R4) were also upregulated in granulosa. Minimal expression differences were observed between aGC and mGC, however, transcripts encoding extracellular proteins (NID2) and matrix modulators (ADAMTS1, SASH1) predominated these differences. We also identified large numbers of unknown LH-regulated granulosa cell genes and discuss their putative roles in ovarian function. The single dominant ovarian follicle was collected from each cow before the LH surge or 22 hours after GnRH (used to induce LH surge). RNA was extracted from three independent cells within each follicle and there were hybridized on Affymetrix microarrays.
2013-05-17 | E-GEOD-46996 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The molecular mechanisms that regulate the pivotal transformation processes observed in the follicular wall following the pre-ovulatory LH-surge, are still not established, particularly for cells of the thecal layer. To elucidate thecal and granulosa cell type-specific biological functions and signaling pathways, large dominant bovine follicles were collected before and 21 hrs after an exogenous GnRH induced LH surge. Because LH receptor density varies within the granulosa cell populations, antral granulosa (aGC; those aspirated by follicular puncture) and membrane associated granulosa (mGC; those scraped from the follicular wall) were compared to thecal cell expression profiles determined by mRNA microarrays. Thecal cell gene expression was less affected in the peri-ovulatory follicle when compared to granulosa cells, as evidenced by only 2% versus 25% of the ~11,000 genes expressed changing in response to the LH surge, respectively. The majority of the 203 LH-regulated thecal genes were also LH regulated in granulosa cells, leaving a total of 58 genes as LH-regulated theca cell specific genes. Most of the 58 genes (i.e., 74%) thecal specific genes including several known thecal markers (CYP17A1, NR5A1) were downregulated, while most genes identified are new to theca. Many of the newly identified upregulated thecal genes (e.g., PTX3, RND3, PPP4R4) were also upregulated in granulosa. Minimal expression differences were observed between aGC and mGC, however, transcripts encoding extracellular proteins (NID2) and matrix modulators (ADAMTS1, SASH1) predominated these differences. We also identified large numbers of unknown LH-regulated granulosa cell genes and discuss their putative roles in ovarian function.
2013-05-17 | GSE46996 | GEO
Project description:Comparing cumulus and granulosa cells from human individual pre-ovulatory follicles after controlled ovarian stimulation
2012-09-28 | E-MEXP-3641 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ovulation is triggered by the gonadotropin surge that induces the expression of two key genes, progesterone receptor (Pgr) and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (Ptgs2) in the granulosa cells of preovulatory follicles. Their gene products PGR and PTGS2 activate two separate pathways that are both essential for successful ovulation. Here we show that the PGR plays an additional essential role; attenuate ovulatory inflammation by diminishing the gonadotropin surge-induced Ptgs2 expression. PGR indirectly terminates Ptgs2 expression and PGE2 synthesis in granulosa cells by inhibiting the NF-κB, a transcription factor required for Ptgs2 expression. When the expression of PGR was ablated in the granulosa cells, the ovary undergoes hyperinflammatory condition manifested by excessive PGE2 synthesis, immune cell infiltration, oxidative damage, and neoplastic transformation of ovarian cells. Despite the ovary undergoes ovulations dozens or hundreds of times in one’s lifetime, the repetitive ovulatory inflammations do not leave significant tissue damage in the ovary. The PGR-driven termination of PTGS2 expression may protect ovary from the ovulatory inflammation.
2020-03-07 | GSE145107 | GEO
Project description:RNA-seq were performed to study the altered transcriptions by overexpression of FOXL2 in pre-hierarchical (SGCs) and pre-ovulatory granulosa cells (BGCs)
2017-01-12 | GSE76677 | GEO
Project description:The FSH microarray was performed to identify new genes to be regulated by FSH in granulosa cells, in order to ultimately find genes potentially important in oocyte maturation and development.
2010-03-31 | E-MEXP-1763 | biostudies-arrayexpress