Broilers
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA871958 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:We recently performed global gene expression in the breast muscles of modern broiler and foundation line chickens. In this study, we have peformed miRNA expression analyses in the same tissues to identify muscle specific miRNAs that could be regulatory factors for muscle growth and feed efficiency in chickens.
2018-09-07 | GSE119528 | GEO
Project description:An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of rye, a model ingredient to increase gut viscosity, between 14 and 28 days of age on immune competence related parameters and performance of broiler. A total number of 960 one-day-old male Ross 308 chicks were weighed and randomly allocated to 24 pens (40 birds per pen), and the birds in every 8 replicate pens were assigned to one of three experimental diets including graded levels, 0%, 5%, and 10% of rye. Tested immune competence related parameters were composition of the intestinal microbiota, genes expression in gut tissue, and gut morphology. The inclusion of 5% or 10% rye in the diet (d14-28) resulted in decreased performance and litter quality, but in increased villus height and crypt depth in the small intestine (jejunum) of the broilers. Relative bursa and spleen weights were not affected by dietary inclusion of rye. In the jejunum, no effects on number and size of goblet cells, and only trends on microbiota composition in the digesta were observed. Dietary inclusion of rye affected expression of genes involved in cell cycle processes of the jejunal enterocyte cells, thereby influencing cell growth, cell differentiation and cell survival, which in turn were consistent with the observed differences in the morphology of the gut wall. In addition, providing rye-rich diets to broilers affected the complement and coagulation pathways, which are parts of the innate immune system. These pathways are involved in eradicating invasive pathogens. Overall, it can be concluded that inclusion of 5% or 10% rye to the grower diet of broilers had limited effects on performance. Ileal gut morphology, microbiota composition of jejunal digesta, and gene expression profiles of jejunal tissue, however, were affected by dietary rye inclusion level, indicating that rye supplementation to broiler diets might affect immune competence of the birds.
2017-04-19 | GSE94095 | GEO
Project description:Domestic broiler chickens rapidly accumulate adipose tissue due to intensive genetic selection for rapid growth and are naturally hyperglycemic and insulin resistant, making them an attractive addition to the suite of rodent models used for studies of obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans. Furthermore, chicken adipose tissue is considered as poorly sensitive to insulin and lipolysis is under glucagon control. Excessive fat accumulation is also an economic and environmental concern for the broiler industry due to the loss of feed efficiency and excessive nitrogen wasting, as well as a negative trait for consumers who are increasingly conscious of dietary fat intake. Understanding the control of avian adipose tissue metabolism would both enhance the utility of chicken as a model organism for human obesity and insulin resistance and highlight new approaches to reduce fat deposition in commercial chickens. In the present study we simultaneously characterized the effects of a short term (5 hours) fast or neutralization of insulin action (5 hours) on adipose tissue of young (16-17 day-old), fed commercial broiler chickens.
2012-06-21 | E-GEOD-35581 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Abstract: Ammonia is one of the most prominent air pollutants in poultry houses. High levels of ammonia have adverse effects on respiratory health, growth performance, meat production of broilers, and breast meat growth and yield are critical important in the broiler industry. To date, studies focus on the negative relationship of ammonia exposure and breast muscle tissue are still very limited, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, high concentrations of atmospheric ammonia were found to lower slaughter rate and broiler breast meat yield significantly (P < 0.05). To explore the candidate genes that ammonia regulates breast meat yield of broilers, high throughout RNA-Seq was used to compare the transcriptome of breast muscle with different ammonia exposure (50 ppm vs 3 ppm). In total, 129 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (P-value < 0.05; fold-change ≥ 2), among which 87 genes were significantly down-regulated and 42 were up-regulated. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that DEGs (such as PDK4, ACSL1, GLUL, FBXO32) were involved in fatty acid degradation/metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, PPAR signaling and adipocytokine signaling pathways. Functional annotation showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in reactive oxygen species metabolic process and muscle contraction. It can be concluded that decreased meat yield was due to the DEGs participating in above biological processes and pathways. This study provides novel insights into transcriptional differences in breast meat between high- and low-ammonia exposed broiler chickens.
2017-10-14 | GSE104941 | GEO
Project description:Optimization of broiler chicken breast muscle protein accretion is key for the efficient production of poultry meat, whose demand is steadily increasing. In a context where antimicrobial growth promoters use is being restricted, it is important to find alternatives as well as to characterize the effect of immunological stress on broiler chicken growth. Despite of its importance, research on broiler chicken muscle protein dynamics has been mostly limited to the study of mixed protein turnover. The present study aims to characterize the effect of a bacterial challenge and the feed supplementation of a citrus and a cucumber extract on broiler chicken individual breast muscle proteins fractional synthesis rates (FSR) using a recently developed dynamic proteomics pipeline. 21 day-old broiler chickens were administered a single 2H2O dose before being culled at different timepoints. A total of 60 breast muscle protein extracts from five experimental groups (Unchallenged, Challenged, Control Diet, Diet 1 and Diet 2) were analyzed using a DDA proteomics approach. Proteomics data was filtered in order to reliably calculate multiple proteins FSR making use of a newly developed bioinformatics pipeline. Broiler breast muscle proteins FSR uniformly decreased following a bacterial challenge, this change was judged significant for 15 individual proteins, the two major functional clusters identified as well as for mixed breast muscle protein. Citrus or cucumber extract feed supplementation did not show any effect on the breast muscle protein FSR of immunologically challenged broilers. The present study has identified potential predictive markers of breast muscle growth and provided new information on broiler chicken breast muscle protein turnover which could be essential for improving the efficiency of broiler chicken meat production.
2024-04-04 | PXD044325 | Pride
Project description:Domestic broiler chickens rapidly accumulate adipose tissue due to intensive genetic selection for rapid growth and are naturally hyperglycemic and insulin resistant, making them an attractive addition to the suite of rodent models used for studies of obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans. Furthermore, chicken adipose tissue is considered as poorly sensitive to insulin and lipolysis is under glucagon control. Excessive fat accumulation is also an economic and environmental concern for the broiler industry due to the loss of feed efficiency and excessive nitrogen wasting, as well as a negative trait for consumers who are increasingly conscious of dietary fat intake. Understanding the control of avian adipose tissue metabolism would both enhance the utility of chicken as a model organism for human obesity and insulin resistance and highlight new approaches to reduce fat deposition in commercial chickens.
2012-06-22 | GSE35581 | GEO
Project description:Genetic Basis of Wooden Breast and White Striping in Commercial Broiler Chickens
| PRJNA682423 | ENA
Project description:Intense selective breeding of broiler breeds of chickens has resulted in suboptimal egg production in broiler breeder hens. Ad libitum feeding which leads to excessive and disorganized follicular growth exacerbates this reproductive phenotype. One strategy used to improve broiler breeder hen reproductive efficiency is restricted feeding. In this study, we sought to identify transcriptional changes which translate level of dietary intake to increased follicle selection. Broiler breeder hens were raised according to commercial guidelines until 28 weeks of age and then randomly assigned to an ad libitum diet (FF) or continued on a restricted diet (RF) for 6 weeks. Following dietary treatment, granulosa cells from growing 6-8 mm follicles from FF hens (n=3) and RF hens (n=3) were collected, RNA was extracted, and samples were processed for RNA-sequencing on Illumina NextSeq 500. Transcriptomes of granulosa cells from 6-8 mm follicles were sequenced to identify transcriptional differences in the population from which follicles are selected into the preovulatory stage. FastQ files were first processed through trim-galore and reads were aligned to the Galgal6 genome using the RNA-seq aligner, STAR. A cluster analysis using hclust in R identified a FF sample as an outlier and this sample was removed from the analysis. Differential expression analysis was conducted using DeSEQ2 and resulted in 350 differentially expressed genes. Several genes involved in follicle selection were upregulated in prehierarchal follicles of FF hens, suggesting an effect of dietary treatment at early stages in follicle development.
2021-09-23 | GSE175887 | GEO