Project description:Frozen liver tissue from 24 month old C57BL/6 mice; control or each of the other three treatment groups taken pre and 36 hour post hepatectomy were used for analysis (n=2 per group). Mice were administrated intraperitoneally with one of the following agents every day for 7 days and 10 minutes before hepatectomy or hepatocyte isolation: 0.5 ml of saline, 500 umol alpha-aminobutyric acid or 500 umol gamma-aminobutyric acid in 0.5ml of saline. Mice in control group received no pre-administrations.
Project description:Transcriptomics reveal strain-specific metabolic strategies for acid resistance and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production in Levilactobacillus brevis.
Project description:Purpose: High γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing Levilactobacillus brevis strain NPS-QW 145 along with Streptococcus thermophilus (one of the two starter bacteria used to make yogurt for its proteolytic activity) to enhance GABA production in milk. But a mechanistic understanding on how Levilactobacillus brevis cooperated with S. thermophilus to stimulate GABA production has been lacking. Method: Metatranscriptomic analyses combined with peptidomics were carried out to unravel the casein and lactose utilization patterns during milk fermentation with the co-culture. Results: We found particular peptides hydrolyzed by S. thermophilus 1275 were transported and biodegraded with peptidase in Lb. brevis 145 to meet the growth needs of the latter. In addition, amino acid synthesis and metabolism in Lb. brevis 145 were also activated to further support its growth. Glucose, as a result of lactose hydrolysis by S. thermophilus 1275, but not available lactose in milk, was outcompeted by Lb. brevis 145 as a main carbon source for glycolysis to produce ATP.In the stationary phase, under the acidic condition due to accumulation of lactic acid produced by S. thermophilus 1275, genes expression involved in pyridoxal phosphate (coenzyme of glutamic acid decarboxylase) metabolism and glutamic acid decarboxylase (Gad) in Lb. brevis 145 were induced for GABA production.
Project description:γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) mediate fast synaptic inhibition. Phosphorylation governs GABAARs function and trafficking in α4, β and γ subunits. However, phosphorylation of other subunits has not been demonstrated. Here we show that the α2 subunit is phosphorylated on S359.
Project description:Understanding how the human gut microbiota and host are impacted by probiotic bacterial strains requires carefully controlled studies in humans, and in mouse models of the gut ecosystem where potentially confounding variables that are difficult to control in humans can be constrained. Therefore, we characterized the fecal microbiomes and metatranscriptomes of adult female monozygotic twin pairs through repeated sampling 4 weeks prior to, 7 weeks during, and 4 weeks following consumption of a commercially-available fermented milk product (FMP) containing a consortium of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, two strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, and Streptococcus thermophilus. In addition, gnotobiotic mice harboring a 15-species model human gut microbiota whose genomes contain 58,399 known or predicted protein-coding genes were studied prior to and after gavage with all five sequenced FMP strains.
Project description:Understanding how the human gut microbiota and host are impacted by probiotic bacterial strains requires carefully controlled studies in humans, and in mouse models of the gut ecosystem where potentially confounding variables that are difficult to control in humans can be constrained. Therefore, we characterized the fecal microbiomes and metatranscriptomes of adult female monozygotic twin pairs through repeated sampling 4 weeks prior to, 7 weeks during, and 4 weeks following consumption of a commercially-available fermented milk product (FMP) containing a consortium of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, two strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, and Streptococcus thermophilus. In addition, gnotobiotic mice harboring a 15-species model human gut microbiota whose genomes contain 58,399 known or predicted protein-coding genes were studied prior to and after gavage with all five sequenced FMP strains.
Project description:The goal of the study is to profile chromatin landscape of astrocytes in response to neuroactive chemicals. We performed ATAC-seq on mES_astrocytes induced for 30 minutes in presence of neuroactive chemicals (glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, acetylcholine, noradrenaline, and serotonin) to understand how induction from different types of neuronal signaling remodels chromatin in astrocytes.
