Project description:The rate, timing, and mode of species dispersal is recognized as a key driver of the structure and function of communities of macroorganisms, and may be one ecological process that determines the diversity of microbiomes. Many previous studies have quantified the modes and mechanisms of bacterial motility using monocultures of a few model bacterial species. But most microbes live in multispecies microbial communities, where direct interactions between microbes may inhibit or facilitate dispersal through a number of physical (e.g., hydrodynamic) and biological (e.g., chemotaxis) mechanisms, which remain largely unexplored. Using cheese rinds as a model microbiome, we demonstrate that physical networks created by filamentous fungi can impact the extent of small-scale bacterial dispersal and can shape the composition of microbiomes. From the cheese rind of Saint Nectaire, we serendipitously observed the bacterium Serratia proteamaculans actively spreads on networks formed by the fungus Mucor. By experimentally recreating these pairwise interactions in the lab, we show that Serratia spreads on actively growing and previously established fungal networks. The extent of symbiotic dispersal is dependent on the fungal network: diffuse and fast-growing Mucor networks provide the greatest dispersal facilitation of the Serratia species, while dense and slow-growing Penicillium networks provide limited dispersal facilitation. Fungal-mediated dispersal occurs in closely related Serratia species isolated from other environments, suggesting that this bacterial-fungal interaction is widespread in nature. Both RNA-seq and transposon mutagenesis point to specific molecular mechanisms that play key roles in this bacterial-fungal interaction, including chitin utilization and flagellin biosynthesis. By manipulating the presence and type of fungal networks in multispecies communities, we provide the first evidence that fungal networks shape the composition of bacterial communities, with Mucor networks shifting experimental bacterial communities to complete dominance by motile Proteobacteria. Collectively, our work demonstrates that these strong biophysical interactions between bacterial and fungi can have community-level consequences and may be operating in many other microbiomes.
2017-08-02 | GSE85095 | GEO
Project description:Foliar fungal communities on an urban tree
Project description:General information_new_RNA The whole transcriptome of four Aedes aegypti lines has been studied: - IR13, an isofemale line from Ile Royale, French Guiana, showing a weak resistance to deltamethrin - IR03, another isofemale line from Ile Royale, French Guiana, showing a strong resistance to deltamethrin, -IR0Free, a derivative of IR03 free from the kdr1034 mutation, still showing a strong resistance to deltamethrin, - Bora-Bora, a laboratory strain sensitive to deltamethrin. Illumina RNAseq data was obtained from 4 pools of 25 individuals for each line
Project description:The genome of two isogenic lines from Aedes aegypti from Ile Royale, French Guiana, with a marked difference in resistance to deltamethrin was investigated in order to understand the genetic basis of this phenotypic difference. Genomic sequencing was performed both with Illumina short, paired reads and with Minion long reads.