Project description:To investigate the effect of chronic continuous hypoxia (11%) oxygen on lifespan and neurological function in Ercc1 ∆/- mice. We performed bulk RNA-seq of the cerebellum from mice that were Ercc1 ∆/- normoxia, Ercc1 ∆/- hypoxia, wildtype normoxia, wildtype hypoxia.
Project description:Administration of spermidine, a natural polyamine whose intracellular concentration declines during human ageing, markedly extends the lifespan of various model organisms including yeast, flies and worms. In ageing yeast, spermidine treatment triggeres epigenetic deacetylation of histone H3 through inhibition of histone acetyltransferases (HAT), leading to induction of autophagy and thereby suppressing oxidative stress and necrosis. In order to further characterize the effects by spermidine supplementation of aging yeast cultures and to understand how global histone deacetylation affects gene transcription during aging, Affymetrix-based microarray analyses of three day old as well as ten day old cultures with and without administration of spermidine was performed.
Project description:Partial reprogramming by expression of reprogramming factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and cMyc) for short periods of time restores a youthful epigenetic signature to aging cells and extends the lifespan of a premature aging mouse model. However, the effects of longer-term partial reprogramming in physiologically aging wild-type mice are unknown. Here, we have performed various long-term partial reprogramming regimens, including different onset timings, during physiological aging in different mouse strains. n=239 tissues from mice. The study involves different conditions (treated and untreated samples) and leads to 7 groups: 1) Black6 mouse +Doxocycline 2) 4 factor mouse+1 month of Doxocycline. 3) 4F mice+7month of Dox 4) 4F+10 months of Dox 5) 4F mice which are relatively old 6) B6 mice that are relatively old 7) 4F mice which are relatively young.
Project description:Increased expression of SIRT1 extends the lifespan of lower organisms and delays the onset of age-related diseases in mammals. Here, we show that SRT2104, a synthetic small molecule activator of SIRT1, extends both mean and maximal lifespan of mice fed a standard diet. This is accompanied by improvements in health, including enhanced motor coordination, performance, bone mineral density and insulin sensitivity associated with higher mitochondrial content and decreased inflammation. Short-term SRT2104 treatment preserves bone and muscle mass in an experimental model of atrophy. These results demonstrate it is possible to design a small molecule that can slow aging and delay multiple age-related diseases in mammals, supporting the therapeutic potential of SIRT1 activators in humans. Key words: Sirtuins, lifespan, healthspan, osteoporosis, muscle wasting, inflammation
Project description:Supplementation with S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) extends the lifespan of model organisms. To explore the impact of SAH on aging, we generated a Caenorhabditis elegans model with increased SAH levels through pathogenic mutation in the S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (AHCY-1), which impairs SAH hydrolysis to adenosine and homocysteine. This submission contains results of the quantitative (TMT) measurements of the proteins in whole worm extracts originated from AHCY-1 Y143C mutant (equivalent to the human pathogenic variant) and control worms.
Project description:To understand how reduced insulin/IGF-1 signaling extends Drosophila lifespan through its downstream transcription factor dFOXO. We conducted ChIP analysis with a dFOXO antibody followed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing from chico heterozygous mutants, which are long-lived and normal sized, and from adult flies with ablated insulin producing cells (IPCs), which are also long-lived. dFOXO bound at promoters of 273 genes common among these genotypes, thus potentially enriching for shared factors in control of aging. Two replicates were sequenced from chico heterozygous mutants and IPC ablated flies.
Project description:Reversible and sub-lethal stresses to the mitochondria elicit a program of compensatory responses that ultimately improve mitochondrial function, a conserved anti-aging mechanism termed mitohormesis. Here, we show that harmol, a member of the beta-carbolines family with anti-depressant properties, improves mitochondrial function and metabolic parameters, and extends healthspan. Treatment with harmol induces a transient mitochondrial depolarization, a strong mitophagy response, and the AMPK compensatory pathway both in cultured C2C12 myotubes and in male mouse liver, brown adipose tissue and muscle, even though harmol crosses poorly the blood-brain barrier. Mechanistically, simultaneous modulation of the targets of harmol monoamine-oxidase B and GABA-A receptor reproduces harmol-induced mitochondrial improvements. Diet-induced pre-diabetic male mice improve their glucose tolerance, liver steatosis and insulin sensitivity after treatment with harmol. Harmol or a combination of monoamine oxidase B and GABA-A receptor modulators extend the lifespan of hermaphrodite Caenorhabditis elegans or female Drosophila melanogaster. Finally, two-year-old male and female mice treated with harmol exhibit delayed frailty onset with improved glycemia, exercise performance and strength. Our results reveal that peripheral targeting of monoamine oxidase B and GABA-A receptor, common antidepressant targets, extends healthspan through mitohormesis.