Project description:Meningiomas are mostly benign brain tumors, with a potential for becoming atypical or malignant. Based on comprehensive genomic, transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses of meningiomas, we compared benign tumors to atypical ones. We show that the vast majority of primary (de novo) atypical meningiomas display loss of NF2, which co-occurs either with genomic instability or recurrent mutations in SMARCB1. These tumors harbor increased H3K27me3 repressive signal and a hypermethylated phenotype, mainly occupying the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) binding sites in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), thereby phenocopying a more primitive cellular state. Consistent with this observation, and based on differential gene expression analysis as well as correlation of mRNA:miRNA regulatory networks, atypical meningiomas exhibit up-regulation of EZH2, the catalytic subunit of the PRC2 complex, well as the E2F2 and FOXM1 transcriptional networks that promote proliferation through activation of the cell cycle pathways. In addition, based on H3K27ac ChIP-seq analysis, we show atypical tumors to display an activated super-enhancer near the meningeal identity transcription factor ZIC1, leading to its transcriptional upregulation. The H3k27ac ChIP-seq data for 15 benign meningiomas and 2 dura samples listed below were created by Dr. Justin Cotney in Dr. James Noonan’s lab at Yale and previously published in a paper by our group with Drs. Cotney and Noonan as co-authors (Clark et al. Science, 2013). Sample IDs: MN-297, MN-288, MN-292, MN-163, MN-1037, MN-105, MN-201, MN-249, MN-191, MN-1066, MN-169, MN-291, MN-24, MN-79, MN-1044, CONTROL1, CONTROL2. In this study, we used these benign meningioma H3k27ac ChIP-seq data as controls and compared them to the newly created ChIP-seq data. Sample IDs: MN-54, MN-97 and MN-171. This GEO entry contains ChIP-seq results for both data sets.
2016-12-20 | GSE91372 | GEO
Project description:Veratrum mengtzeanum transcriptome data
Project description:Motor neurons (MNs) are the final output of circuits driving fundamental behaviors, such as respiration and locomotion. Hox proteins are essential in generating the MN diversity required for accomplishing these functions, but the transcriptional mechanisms that enable Hox paralogs to assign distinct MN subtype identities despite their promiscuous DNA binding motif are not well understood. Here we show that Hoxa5 can modify chromatin accessibility in all mouse spinal cervical MN subtypes and engages TALE co-factors to directly bind and regulate subtype-specific genes. We identify a paralog-specific interaction of Hoxa5 with the phrenic MN-specific transcription factor Scip and show that heterologous expression of Hoxa5 and Scip is sufficient to suppress limb-innervating MN identity. We also demonstrate that phrenic MN identity is stable after Hoxa5 downregulation and identify Klf proteins as potential regulators of phrenic MN maintenance. Our data identify multiple modes of Hoxa5 action that converge to induce and maintain MN identity.
Project description:Motor neurons (MNs) are the final output of circuits driving fundamental behaviors, such as respiration and locomotion. Hox proteins are essential in generating the MN diversity required for accomplishing these functions, but the transcriptional mechanisms that enable Hox paralogs to assign distinct MN subtype identities despite their promiscuous DNA binding motif are not well understood. Here we show that Hoxa5 can modify chromatin accessibility in all mouse spinal cervical MN subtypes and engages TALE co-factors to directly bind and regulate subtype-specific genes. We identify a paralog-specific interaction of Hoxa5 with the phrenic MN-specific transcription factor Scip and show that heterologous expression of Hoxa5 and Scip is sufficient to suppress limb-innervating MN identity. We also demonstrate that phrenic MN identity is stable after Hoxa5 downregulation and identify Klf proteins as potential regulators of phrenic MN maintenance. Our data identify multiple modes of Hoxa5 action that converge to induce and maintain MN identity.
Project description:Mycobacterium neoaurum (Mn), an efficient sterol consumer, has been modified to transform sterols to produce valuable steroid intermediates, which can be widely used as precursors in the synthesis of steroid hormones.To deepen our understand of the underlying mechanisms of Mn to the in vitro and in vivo environment during growth on a critical carbon source of sterol and accumulation of valuable steroid intermediates, transcriptome studies were performed to characterize the differences between wide-type Mn and various mutant Mn strains for steroid accumulation. Totally, five Mn strains were investigated, including wide-type Mn ATCC25795 cultured without (Mn-C) and with sterol addition (Mn-CC), mutant Mn ATCC25795 strains producing 9OHAD (Mn-9OHAD), ADD (Mn-ADD), and 1,4-HBC (Mn-HBC), respectively.
Project description:The motor neuron (MN)–hexamer complex consisting of LIM homeobox 3, Islet-1, and nuclear LIM interactor is a key determinant of motor neuron specification and differentiation. To gain insights into the transcriptional network in motor neuron development, we performed a genome-wide ChIP-sequencing analysis and found that the MN–hexamer directly regulates a wide array of motor neuron genes by binding to the HxRE (hexamer response element) shared among the target genes. Interestingly, STAT3-binding motif is highly enriched in the MN–hexamer–bound peaks in addition to the HxRE. We also found that a transcriptionally active form of STAT3 is expressed in embryonic motor neurons and that STAT3 associates with the MN–hexamer, enhancing the transcriptional activity of the MN–hexamer in an upstream signal-dependent manner. Correspondingly, STAT3 was needed for motor neuron differentiation in the developing spinal cord. Together, our studies uncover crucial gene regulatory mechanisms that couple MN–hexamer and STAT-activating extracellular signals to promote motor neuron differentiation in vertebrate spinal cord.