Transcriptional Landscape of Cottont Roots in Response to Salt Stress at Single-cell Resolution
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PROVIDER: PRJNA939177 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Increasing soil salinization has led to severe losses of plant yield and quality. Researching the formation of plant salt tolerance and the molecular mechanism of the salt stress response is therefore urgent. We here take advantage of recent progress in single-cell transcriptomics technology to systematically analyze plant roots response to salt stress, and 57,185 high-quality cells were totally obtained from 5-day-old lateral root tips of Gossypium arboreum under natural growth and different salt-treatment conditions. Eleven cell types with an array of novel marker genes were identified and confirmed with RNA in situ hybridization. Pseudotime analysis on epidermal and root hair cells indicated the differentiation trajectory, and differential root-type cells responding to salt stress resulted in more epidermal and less endodermal cells. Abundant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to be engaged in glycometabolism, reactive oxygen species hemeostasis, and phosphatidylinositol and MAKP signal pathways through functional enrichment analyses. Some candidate DEGs related with transcription factors and plant hormones responding to salt stress were also screened, which requires further functional verification to reveal the regulatory model of the plant roots response to salt stress. Combined with bulk RNA-seq data, a common DEG (Ga08G2497) annotated as Aldo-keto reductase-1 (AKR1) was selected to perform virus-induced gene silencing verification, and the silencing of GaAKR1 gene in G. arboreum resulted in severe stress-susceptibility phenotype, shorter root length, and less number of lateral roots. Physiological and biochemical detection also demonstrated that GaAKR1-silenced plants suffered more serious oxidative damages and, indicating that GaAKR1 might participates in salt tolerance of cotton by oxidation-reduction process. For the first time, we characterized a transcriptional atlas of plant roots under salt stress at a single-cell resolution, which explored the cellular heterogeneity, differential root-type cells, and differentiation trajectory, while providing valuable insights into the molecular mechanism underlying stress tolerance in plants.
2023-05-15 | GSE226218 | GEO
Project description:We found that primary root (PR) is more resistant to salt stress compared with crown roots (CR) and seminal roots (SR). To understand better salt stress responses in maize roots, six RNA libraries were generated and sequenced from primary root (PR), primary roots under salt stress (PR-salt) , seminal roots (SR), seminal roots under salt stress (SR-salt), crown roots (CR), and crown roots under salt stress (CR-salt). Through integrative analysis, we identified 444 genes regulated by salt stress in maize roots, and found that the expression patterns of some genes and enzymes involved in important pathway under salt stress, such as reactive oxygen species scavenging, plant hormone signal perception and transduction, and compatible solutes synthesis differed dramatically in different maize roots. 16 of differentially expressed genes were selected for further validation with quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR).We demonstrate that the expression patterns of differentially expressed genes are highly diversified in different maize roots. The differentially expressed genes are correlated with the differential growth responses to salt stress in maize roots. Our studies provide deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms about the differential growth responses of different root types in response to environmental stimuli in planta.
2014-03-01 | GSE53995 | GEO
Project description:We found that primary root (PR) is more resistant to salt stress compared with crown roots (CR) and seminal roots (SR). To understand better salt stress responses in maize roots, six RNA libraries were generated and sequenced from primary root (PR), primary roots under salt stress (PR-salt) , seminal roots (SR), seminal roots under salt stress (SR-salt), crown roots (CR), and crown roots under salt stress (CR-salt). Through integrative analysis, we identified 444 genes regulated by salt stress in maize roots, and found that the expression patterns of some genes and enzymes involved in important pathway under salt stress, such as reactive oxygen species scavenging, plant hormone signal perception and transduction, and compatible solutes synthesis differed dramatically in different maize roots. 16 of differentially expressed genes were selected for further validation with quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR).We demonstrate that the expression patterns of differentially expressed genes are highly diversified in different maize roots. The differentially expressed genes are correlated with the differential growth responses to salt stress in maize roots. Our studies provide deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms about the differential growth responses of different root types in response to environmental stimuli in planta. Examination of three root types of maize under salt treatment for understanding the different responding mechenism to salt stress.
2014-03-01 | E-GEOD-53995 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Soybean is an important economic crop for human diet, animal feeds and biodiesel due to high protein and oil content. Its productivity is significantly hampered by salt stress, which impairs plant growth and development by affecting gene expression, in part, through epigenetic modification of chromatin status. However, little is known about epigenetic regulation of stress response in soybean roots. Here, we used RNA-seq and ChIP-seq technologies to study the dynamics of genome-wide transcription and histone methylation patterns in soybean roots under salt stress. 8798 soybean genes changed their expression under salt stress treatment. Whole-genome ChIP-seq study of an epigenetic repressive mark, histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), revealed the changes in H3K27me3 deposition during the response to salt stress. Unexpectedly, we found that most of the inactivation of genes under salt stress is strongly correlated with the de novo establishment of H3K27me3 in various parts of the promoter or coding regions where there is no H3K27me3 in control plants. In addition, the soybean histone modifiers were identified which may contribute to de novo histone methylation and gene silencing under salt stress. Thus, dynamic chromatin regulation, switch between active and inactive modes, occur at target loci in order to respond to salt stress in soybean. Our analysis demonstrates histone methylation modifications are correlated with the activation or inactivation of salt-inducible genes in soybean roots.
2019-07-22 | GSE133574 | GEO
Project description:Soybean is an important economic crop for human diet, animal feeds and biodiesel due to high protein and oil content. Its productivity is significantly hampered by salt stress, which impairs plant growth and development by affecting gene expression, in part, through epigenetic modification of chromatin status. However, little is known about epigenetic regulation of stress response in soybean roots. Here, we used RNA-seq and ChIP-seq technologies to study the dynamics of genome-wide transcription and histone methylation patterns in soybean roots under salt stress. 8798 soybean genes changed their expression under salt stress treatment. Whole-genome ChIP-seq study of an epigenetic repressive mark, histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), revealed the changes in H3K27me3 deposition during the response to salt stress. Unexpectedly, we found that most of the inactivation of genes under salt stress is strongly correlated with the de novo establishment of H3K27me3 in various parts of the promoter or coding regions where there is no H3K27me3 in control plants. In addition, the soybean histone modifiers were identified which may contribute to de novo histone methylation and gene silencing under salt stress. Thus, dynamic chromatin regulation, switch between active and inactive modes, occur at target loci in order to respond to salt stress in soybean. Our analysis demonstrates histone methylation modifications are correlated with the activation or inactivation of salt-inducible genes in soybean roots.
2019-07-22 | GSE133573 | GEO
Project description:We performed a time course analysis (TC data set) of the response of whole seedling roots to 140mM NaCl at 5 time points after transfer (30 minutes, 1, 4, 16 and 32 hours). Cells are amazingly adept at integrating both external and internal cues to regulate transcriptional states. While internal processes such as differentiation and cell-type specification are generally understood to have an important impact on gene expression, very little is known about how cells utilize these developmental cues to regulate responses to external stimuli. Here we use the response to a well characterized environmental stress, high salinity, to obtain a global view of the role that cell identity plays in guiding transcriptional responses in the root of Arabidopsis. Our analysis is based on three microarray data sets we have generated that explore transcriptional changes spatially among 6 cell layers and 4 longitudinal regions or temporally along 5 time points after salt treatment. We show that the majority of the response to salt stress is cell-type specific resulting in the differential regulation of unique biological functions in subsets of cell layers. To understand the regulatory mechanisms controlling these responses we have analyzed cis-element enrichment in the promoters of salt responsive genes and demonstrate that known stress regulatory elements likely control responses to salt occurring in multiple cell types. Despite the extensive shift in transcriptional state that salt stress elicits, we are able to identify several biological processes that consistently define each cell layer and find that transcriptional regulators of cell-identity tend to exhibit robust cell-type specific expression. Finally, using mutants that disrupt cell-type specification in the epidermis, we reveal cell autonomous and non-autonomous effects when cell identity is altered. Together, these data elucidate a novel intersection between physiology and development and expand our understanding of how transcriptional states are regulated in a multi-cellular context. Keywords: Time course analysis
2008-04-24 | GSE7642 | GEO
Project description:The regulatory landscape of Arabidopsis thaliana roots at single-cell resolution
| PRJNA727303 | ENA
Project description:Rice seedlings at 3-leaf stage were used for expression analysis in control and salt stressed (incloudling salt treatment for 3, 24hrs and recovery from salt stress for 24hrs) samples. Samples of shoots and roots from biological replicates of both genotypes were generated and the expression profiles were determined using Phalanx Rice OneArray＠ v1.
2016-06-30 | GSE76613 | GEO
Project description:We performed a time course analysis (TC data set) of the response of whole seedling roots to 140mM NaCl at 5 time points after transfer (30 minutes, 1, 4, 16 and 32 hours). Cells are amazingly adept at integrating both external and internal cues to regulate transcriptional states. While internal processes such as differentiation and cell-type specification are generally understood to have an important impact on gene expression, very little is known about how cells utilize these developmental cues to regulate responses to external stimuli. Here we use the response to a well characterized environmental stress, high salinity, to obtain a global view of the role that cell identity plays in guiding transcriptional responses in the root of Arabidopsis. Our analysis is based on three microarray data sets we have generated that explore transcriptional changes spatially among 6 cell layers and 4 longitudinal regions or temporally along 5 time points after salt treatment. We show that the majority of the response to salt stress is cell-type specific resulting in the differential regulation of unique biological functions in subsets of cell layers. To understand the regulatory mechanisms controlling these responses we have analyzed cis-element enrichment in the promoters of salt responsive genes and demonstrate that known stress regulatory elements likely control responses to salt occurring in multiple cell types. Despite the extensive shift in transcriptional state that salt stress elicits, we are able to identify several biological processes that consistently define each cell layer and find that transcriptional regulators of cell-identity tend to exhibit robust cell-type specific expression. Finally, using mutants that disrupt cell-type specification in the epidermis, we reveal cell autonomous and non-autonomous effects when cell identity is altered. Together, these data elucidate a novel intersection between physiology and development and expand our understanding of how transcriptional states are regulated in a multi-cellular context. Experiment Overall Design: Seedlings were grown for 4-5 days before transfer to standard media supplemented with 140 mM NaCl. Whole roots were harvested at 5 time points after the transfer.
2009-04-25 | E-GEOD-7642 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Rice is a staple crop for over half of the global population, but soil salinization poses a significant threat to its production. As a type of polyamine, spermidine (Spd) has been shown to reduce stress-induced damage in plants, but its specific role and mechanism in protecting rice roots under salt stress require further investigation. Results: This study suggested spermidine (Spd) mitigates salt stress on rice root growth by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and reducing peroxide levels. Transcriptomic analysis showed that salt stress caused 333 genes to be upregulated and 1,765 to be downregulated. However, adding Spd during salt treatment significantly altered this pattern: 2,298 genes were upregulated and 844 were downregulated, which indicated Spd reverses some transcriptional changes caused by salt stress. KEGG pathway analysis suggested that Spd influenced key signaling pathways, including MAPK signaling, plant hormone signal transduction, and phenylalanine metabolism. Additionally, the bZIP transcription factor OsbZIP73 was upregulated after Spd treatment, which is confirmed by Western blot. Further insights into the interaction between OsbZIP73 and Spd were gained through fluorescence polarization experiments, showing that Spd enhances protein OsbZIP73's affinity for RNA. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that OsPYL1, OsSPARK1, and various SAUR family genes involved in Spd-affected pathways. The presence of G/A/C-box elements in these genes suggests they are potential targets for OsbZIP73. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a strategy of using spermidine as a chemical alleviator for salt stress and provide insights into the regulatory function of OsbZIP73 in mitigating salt stress in rice roots.
2024-08-01 | GSE189665 | GEO