Project description:Eight new and four known peptaibols were isolated from a strain of the fungus, Trichoderma atroviride (NF16), which was cultured from an Axinellid sponge collected from the East Mediterranean coast of Israel. The structures of the pure compounds were determined using HRMS, MS/MS and one- and two-dimensional NMR measurements. The isolated compounds belong to the trichorzianines, a family of 19-residue linear hydrophobic peptides containing a high proportion of ?-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib), an acetylated N-terminus and a C-terminal amino alcohol. These new peptaibols exhibited antimicrobial activity against environmental bacteria isolated from the Mediterranean coast of Israel.
Project description:To investigate the potential role in mycoparasitism, microarrays were used to examine T. atroviride transcript levels when confronted with a potential prey (the plant pathogen Rhizoctonia solani) before contact, during first physical contact and during overgrowth of the host.
Project description:Trichoderma atroviride is a fungus capable of establishing symbiotic relationships with plants, however, its main lifestyle is a saprophyte. Due to these characteristics, it must face a great quantity of microorganisms, and be able to compete for nutrients. T. atroviride is considered a necrotrophic mycoparasite and has developed the ability to kill other organisms and obtain nutrients from them. The object of this work is to explore the role of small RNAs in mycoparasitism. To this end, we obtained small RNA-Seq libraries from the interactions of T. atroviride against Alternaria alternata. The libraries were obtained from three stages during mycoparasitsm: before contact (BC), contact (C), and after contact (AC).
Project description:Identification of mycoparasitism-related genes in Trichoderma atroviride: A holistic comparative study on self confrontation and host interaction by de novo transcriptome sequencing
Project description:Transcriptomic analysis of the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma atroviride overgrowing Verticilluim dahliae provides the identification of mycoparasitic candidate genes aganinst this plant pathogenic fungus
Project description:A high-throughput sequencing approach was utilized to carry out a comparative transcriptome analysis of Trichoderma atroviride IMI206040 during mycoparasitic interactions with the plant-pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani. In this study, transcript fragments of 7,797 Trichoderma genes were sequenced, 175 of which were host responsive. According to the functional annotation of these genes by KOG (eukaryotic orthologous groups), the most abundant group during direct contact was "metabolism." Quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR confirmed the differential transcription of 13 genes (including swo1, encoding an expansin-like protein; axe1, coding for an acetyl xylan esterase; and homologs of genes encoding the aspartyl protease papA and a trypsin-like protease, pra1) in the presence of R. solani. An additional relative gene expression analysis of these genes, conducted at different stages of mycoparasitism against Botrytis cinerea and Phytophthora capsici, revealed a synergistic transcription of various genes involved in cell wall degradation. The similarities in expression patterns and the occurrence of regulatory binding sites in the corresponding promoter regions suggest a possible analog regulation of these genes during the mycoparasitism of T. atroviride. Furthermore, a chitin- and distance-dependent induction of pra1 was demonstrated.