Drosophila melanogaster
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA96485 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Naturally occurring copy-number polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster
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Project description:Sexually dimorphic traits are by definition exaggerated in one sex, which may arise from a history of sex-specific selection – in males, females, or both. If this exaggeration comes at a cost, exaggeration is expected to be greater in higher condition individuals (condition-dependent). Although studies using small numbers of morphological traits are generally supportive, this prediction has not been examined at a larger scale. We test this prediction across the trancriptome by determining the condition-dependence of sex-biased (dimorphic) gene expression. We find that high-condition populations are more sexually dimorphic in transcription than low-condition populations. High condition populations have more male-biased genes and more female-biased genes, and a greater degree of sexually dimorphic expression in these genes. Also, condition-dependence in male-biased genes was greater than in a set of unbiased genes. Interestingly, male-biased genes expressed in the testes were not more condition-dependent than those in the soma. By contrast, increased female-biased expression under high condition may be have occurred because of the greater contribution of the ovary-specific transcripts to the entire mRNA pool. We did not find any genomic signatures distinguishing the condition-dependent sex-biased genes. The degree of condition-dependent sexual dimorphism (CDSD) did not differ between the autosomes and the X-chromosome. There was only weak evidence that rates of evolution correlated with CDSD. We suggest that the sensitivity of both female-biased genes and male-biased genes to condition may be akin to the overall heightened sensitivity to condition that life-history and sexually selected traits tend to exhibit. Our results demonstrate that through condition-dependence, early life experience has dramatic effects on sexual dimorphism in the adult transcriptome.
2010-02-01 | GSE19973 | GEO
Project description:Copy number variation: the balance between gene dosage and expression in Drosophila melanogaster
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Project description:Natural selection shapes genome wide patterns of copy number polymorphism in D. melanogaster
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Project description:Genome sequencing of six Drosophila melanogaster lines for the study of copy number variations
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Project description:Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are vital in determining the specificity of translation. Mutations in tRNAs can result in the mis-incorporation of amino acids into nascent polypeptides in a process known as mistranslation. Here, our goal was to test the impacts of different types of mistranslation in the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, as impact of mistranslation depends on the type of amino acid substitution. We created two fly lines - one expressing a serine tRNA variant with valine anticodon and the other with a serine tRNA variant with a threonine anticodon. Using mass spectrometry, we measure the amount of mistranslation at various points in fly development.
2024-06-15 | PXD052492 | Pride
Project description:In Drosophila melanogaster larval hemolymph, under normal conditions, plasmatocytes and crystal cells represent respectively ~95% and ~5% of hemocytes, while lamellocytes, the third larval cell type, are absent since they are only induced after parasitoid wasp oviposition, their role being the encapsulation-melanization response to eliminate the wasp egg. However, even after induction lamellocytes number remains low, making difficult biochemical studies. Here using the D. melanogaster hopTum-l mutant that constitutively produces a high number of hemocytes, we set up a method to purify lamellocytes and analyzed their major proteins by 2D gel electrophoresis and their biotinylated plasma membrane surface proteins by 1D SDS-PAGE after affinity purification. Mass spectrometry allowed to identify 430 proteins from the 2D spots and 344 from affinity purified proteins, totalizing 639 unique proteins. Known lamellocyte markers such as PPO3 and the integrin myospheroid are among the major proteins and affinity purification led to the detection of other integrins and a large array of integrins associated proteins involved in cell-cell junction formation and function. Overall newly identified proteins indicated that these cells are highly adapted to the encapsulation process but may have also several different physiological functions. This study provides the basis for new lamellocyte studies in vivo and in vitro, and develop markers to search whether different populations coexist, establish their origins and decipher their respective roles in drosophila physiology and immunity.
2024-04-29 | PXD016876 | Pride