Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA965929 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Constitutively active mutations of KRAS frequently occur in non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma cells (NSCLC). However, the relationship between KRAS constitutive mutations and platinum drug resistance in NSCLC, as well as the underlying mechanism, remains unclear. In this study, we have identified that KRAS constitutive mutations confer resistance to platinum-based drugs in NSCLC. Mechanistically, KRAS mediates platinum resistance in NSCLC cells by enhancing ERK/JNK signaling, which controls post-translational modifications (PTMs) of ALKBH5. This, in turn, leads to an upregulation of m6A methylation in mRNA transcripts related to DNA repair genes. Consequently, the increased m6A methylation of these transcripts results in their mRNA stabilization, thereby protecting NSCLC cells from platinum-induced DNA damage and apoptosis, ultimately conferring platinum drug resistance in NSCLC. Furthermore, our observations indicate that blocking the KRAS mutation-induced increase in m6A methylation of DNA repair-related genes can sensitize NSCLC cells harboring KRAS mutations to platinum exposure. This can be achieved either by overexpressing a SUMOylation-deficient mutant of ALKBH5 or by pharmacologically inhibiting METTL3 enzymatic activity using a small molecule. These interventions significantly enhance the sensitivity of KRAS mutant-bearing NSCLC cells to platinum-based treatments both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, our study uncovers a previously unrecognized mechanism involving KRAS mutations, ALKBH5 PTMs, and increased mRNA m6A levels in DNA repair-related genes, which collectively promote platinum resistance in NSCLC cells.
2025-02-19 | GSE268671 | GEO
Project description:Oncogenic STAT3 functions are known in various malignancies. We found that STAT3 plays an unexpected tumor suppressive role in KRAS-mutant non-small-cell-lung cancer (NSCLC). In mice, tissue-specific inactivation of Stat3 resulted in increased Kras (G12D)-driven NSCLC initiation and malignant progression leading to markedly reduced survival. Clinically, low STAT3 expression levels correlate with poor survival in human lung adenocarcinoma patients with smoking history. Consistently, KRAS-mutant lung tumors showed reduced STAT3 levels. Mechanistically, we show that STAT3 controls NFκB-induced IL-8-expression by sequestering NFκB in the cytoplasm while IL-8 in turn regulates myeloid tumor infiltration and tumor vascularization thereby promoting tumor progression. These results identify a novel STAT3-NFκB-IL-8 axis in KRAS-mutant NSCLC with therapeutic and prognostic relevance WT: Control lung; KRAS: Lung tumors expressing KRAS G12D; KRAS STAT3 KO: Lung tumors expressing KRAS G12D- STAT3 deficient; tumors of four mice pooled per sample
2015-02-05 | E-GEOD-52798 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most frequent subtype of lung cancer, remains a highly lethal malignancy and one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Mutant KRAS is the prevailing oncogenic driver of lung adenocarcinoma, the most common histological form of NSCLC. In this study, we examined the role of PKCe, an oncogenic kinase highly expressed in NSCLC and other cancers, in KRAS-driven tumorigenesis. Notably, database analysis revealed an association between PKCe expression and poor outcome in lung adenocarcinoma patients specifically having KRAS mutation. By generating a PKCe-deficient, conditionally activatable allele of oncogenic Kras (LSL-Kras G12D ;PKCe -/- mice) we were able to demonstrate the requirement of PKCe for Kras-driven lung tumorigenesis in vivo, which is consistent with the impaired transformed growth observed in PKCe-deficient KRAS-dependent NSCLC cells. Moreover, PKCe-knockout mice were found to be less susceptible to lung tumorigenesis induced by benzo[a]pyrene, a carcinogen that induces mutations in Kras. Mechanistic analysis using RNA-Seq revealed little overlapping for PKCe and KRAS in the control of genes/biological pathways relevant in NSCLC, suggesting that a permissive role of PKCe in KRAS-driven lung tumorigenesis may involve non-redundant mechanisms. Our results thus highlight the relevance and potential of targeting PKCe for lung cancer therapeutics.
2020-07-31 | GSE149205 | GEO
Project description:Since both KRAS mutations and LKB1 inactivating alterations affect cellular metabolism, it seems propitious to discern metabolic effects induced by the single oncogenic events from those elicited by their co-occurrence, with the ultimate aim to potentially exploit metabolic dependencies for novel therapeutic modalities. With these considerations in mind, we knocked-out the LKB1 gene in well-characterized NSCLC cell clones harboring KRAS WT or mutant G12C proteins (13,30). We obtained an isogenic system in which KRAS mutation and LKB1 inactivation were individually or concomitantly present. The effects of the genetic lesions individually or together on cell metabolism were investigated in these isogenic NSCLC cells by means of an integrated survey of proteomics, stable and dynamic metabolomics and functional in-vitro strategies.
2019-11-14 | PXD007838 | Pride
Project description:SOD1 is known as the major cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase and an anticancer target. However, the role of SOD1 in cancer is not fully understood. Herein we describe the generation of an inducible Sod1 knockout in KRAS-driven NSCLC mouse model. Sod1 knockout markedly reduces tumor burden in vivo and blocks growth of KRAS mutant NSCLC cells in vitro. Intriguingly, SOD1 is enriched in the nucleus and notably in the nucleolus of NSCLC cells. The nuclear and nucleolar, not cytoplasmic, form of SOD1 is essential for lung cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, SOD1 interacts with PeBoW complex and controls its assembly necessary for pre-60S ribosomal subunit maturation. Mechanistically, SOD1 regulates co-localization of PeBoW with and processing of pre-rRNA, and maturation of cytoplasmic 60S ribosomal subunits in KRAS mutant lung cancer cells. Collectively, our study unravels a nuclear SOD1 function essential for ribosome biogenesis and proliferation in KRAS-driven lung cancer.
2021-03-12 | MSV000087044 | MassIVE
Project description:Mutant KRAS (mut-KRAS) is present in 30% of all human cancers and plays a critical role in cancer cell growth and resistance to therapy. There is evidence from colon cancer that mut-KRAS is a poor prognostic factor and negative predictor of patient response to molecularly targeted therapy. However, evidence for such a relationship in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is conflicting. KRAS mutations are primarily found at codons 12 and 13, where different base changes lead to alternate amino acid substitutions that lock the protein in an active state. The patterns of mut-KRas amino acid substitutions in colon cancer and NSCLC are quite different, with aspartate (D) predominating in colon cancer (50%) and cysteine (C) in NSCLC (47%). Through an analysis of a recently completed biopsy biomarker-driven, molecularly targeted multi-arm trial of 215 evaluable patients with refractory NSCLC we show that mut-KRas-G12C/V but not total mut-KRAS predicts progression free survival for the overall group, and for the sorafenib and vandetanib treatment arms. Transcriptome microarray data shows differential expression of cell cycle genes between mut-KRas-G12C/V and G12D patient tumors. A panel of NSCLC cell lines with known mut-KRas amino acid substitutions was used to identify pathways activated by the different mut-KRas, showing that mut-KRas-G12D activates both PI-3-K and MEK signaling, while mut-KRas G12C does not, and alternatively activates RAL signaling. This finding was confirmed using immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells stably transfected with wt-KRAS and different forms of mut-KRAS. Molecular modeling studies show that the different conformation imposed by mut-KRas-G12C could lead to altered association with downstream signaling transducers compared to wild type and mut-KRas-G12D. The significance of the findings for developing mut-KRAS therapies is profound, since it suggests that not all mut-KRas amino acid substitutions signal to effectors in a similar way, and may require different therapeutic interventions. Gene expression profiles were measured in 22 core biopsies from patients with refractory non-small cell lung cancer included in the Biomarker-integrated Approaches of Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer Elimination (BATTLE). All tumors were KRAS mutants, but with different patterns of amino acid substitutions. Supervised analysis of transcriptome profiling was performed to compare cysteine or valine KRAS mutants with other KRAS mutants.
2012-01-01 | E-GEOD-27389 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Protein glycosylation plays a fundamental role in a multitude of biological processes, and the associated aberrant expression of glycoproteins in cancer has made them attractive targets as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In this study, we examined differentially expressed glycoproteins in cell lines derived from three different states of lung tumorigenesis: an immortalized bronchial epithelial cell (HBE) line, a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line harboring an activation KRAS mutation and a NSCLC cell line harboring an EGFR activation deletion. Mutations in KRAS and EGFR are two common, distinct, non-overlapping genomic alterations in NSCLC. Using a Triple SILAC proteomic quantification strategy paired with hydrazide chemistry N-linked glycopeptide enrichment, we identified 118 quantifiable glycopeptides in the 3 cell lines derived from 82 glycoproteins. Proteomic profiling revealed that 27 (24%) of the glycopeptides overexpressed in both of the NSCLC cell lines with 6 of the glycopeptides overexpressed only in the EGFR mutant cells and 19 of the glycopeptides overexpressed only in the KRAS mutant cells.
2015-12-10 | PXD001999 | Pride
Project description:Protein glycosylation plays a fundamental role in a multitude of biological processes, and the associated aberrant expression of glycoproteins in cancer has made them attractive targets as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In this study, we examined differentially expressed glycoproteins in cell lines derived from three different states of lung tumorigenesis: an immortalized bronchial epithelial cell (HBE) line, a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line harboring an activation KRAS mutation and a NSCLC cell line harboring an EGFR activation deletion. Mutations in KRAS and EGFR are two common, distinct, non-overlapping genomic alterations in NSCLC. Using a Triple SILAC proteomic quantification strategy paired with hydrazide chemistry N-linked glycopeptide enrichment, we identified 118 quantifiable glycopeptides in the 3 cell lines derived from 82 glycoproteins. Proteomic profiling revealed that 27 (24%) of the glycopeptides overexpressed in both of the NSCLC cell lines with 6 of the glycopeptides overexpressed only in the EGFR mutant cells and 19 of the glycopeptides overexpressed only in the KRAS mutant cells.
2016-03-10 | MSV000079569 | MassIVE
Project description:Oncogenic KRAS is found in more than 25% of lung adenocarcinomas, the major histologic subtype of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and is an important target for drug development. To this end, we generated four NSCLC lines with stable knockdown selective for oncogenic KRAS. As expected, stable knockdown of oncogenic KRAS led to inhibition of in vitro and in vivo tumor growth in the KRAS-mutant NSCLC cells, but not in NSCLC cells that have wild-type KRAS (but mutant NRAS). Surprisingly, we did not see large-scale induction of cell death and the growth inhibitory effect was not complete. To further understand the ability of NSCLCs to grow despite selective removal of mutant KRAS expression, we conducted microarray expression profiling of NSCLC cell lines with or without mutant KRAS knockdown and isogenic human bronchial epithelial cell lines with and without oncogenic KRAS. We found that although the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway is significantly downregulated after mutant KRAS knockdown, these NSCLCs showed increased levels of phospho-STAT3 and phospho–epidermal growth factor receptor, and variable changes in phospho-Akt. In addition, mutant KRAS knockdown sensitized the NSCLCs to p38 and EGFR inhibitors. Our findings suggest that targeting oncogenic KRAS by itself will not be sufficient treatment, but may offer possibilities of combining anti-KRAS strategies with other targeted drugs. Detailed information on the microarray results are available in a previous study (Sunaga N, et al. Mol Cancer Ther. 2011;10:336-46).
2024-07-16 | GSE272045 | GEO
Project description:Glutamine is a key nutrient for tumor cells that supports nucleotide and amino acid biosynthesis, replenishes the TCA cycle intermediates and contributes to redox metabolism. We identified oncogenic KRAS as a critical regulator of the response to glutamine deprivation in NSCLC. Full activation of the ATF4 stress response pathway is dependent on expression of NRF2 downstream of oncogenic KRAS in NSCLC. Through this mechanism, KRAS alters amino acid uptake and metabolism and sustains mTORC1 signaling during nutrient stress. Furthermore, we identified regulation of asparagine synthetase (ASNS) as a key effect of oncogenic KRAS signaling via ATF4 during glutamine deprivation, and a potential therapeutic target in KRAS mutant NSCLC.
2017-12-30 | GSE81643 | GEO