Modulation of Polar Auxin Transport Identifies the Molecular Determinants of Source-Sink Carbon Relationships and Sink Strength in Poplar
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PROVIDER: PRJNA971479 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Source-to-sink carbon (C) allocation driven by the sink strength, i.e., the ability of a sink organ to import C, plays a central role in tissue growth and biomass productivity. However, molecular drivers of sink strength have not been thoroughly characterized in trees. Auxin, as a major plant phytohormone, regulates the mobilization of photoassimilates in source tissues and elevates the translocation of carbohydrates toward sink organs, including roots. In this study, we used an ‘auxin-stimulated carbon sink’ approach to understand the molecular processes involved in the long-distance source-sink C allocation in poplar. Poplar cuttings were foliar sprayed with polar auxin transport modulators, including auxin enhancers (AE) (i.e., IBA and IAA) and auxin inhibitor (AI) (i.e., NPA), followed by a comprehensive analysis of leaf, stem, and root tissues using biomass evaluation, phenotyping, C isotope labeling, metabolomics, and transcriptomics approaches. Auxin modulators altered root dry weight and branching pattern, and AE increased photosynthetically fixed C allocation from leaf to root tissues. The transcriptome analysis identified highly expressed genes in root tissue under AE condition including transcripts encoding polygalacturonase and β-amylase that could increase the sink size and activity. Metabolic analyses showed a shift in overall metabolism including an altered relative abundance levels of galactinol, and an opposite trend in citrate levels in root tissue under AE and AI conditions. In conclusion, we postulate a model suggesting that the source-sink C relationships in poplar could be fueled by mobile sugar alcohols, starch metabolism-derived sugars, and TCA-cycle intermediates as key molecular drivers of sink strength.
2023-05-15 | GSE232245 | GEO
Project description:The transport of auxin controls the rate, direction and localization of plant growth and development. The course of auxin transport is defined by the polar subcellular localization of the PIN proteins, a family of auxin efflux transporters. Using blue native PAGE and quantitative mass spectrometry, we identify native PIN core transport units as homo- and heteromers assembled from PIN1, 2, 3, 4 and 7 subunits only. To identify the protein composition of the larger, low stringency-solubilized PIN assembly we affinity-purified GFP-fused PIN proteins from Arabidopsis roots after expression from their native promoters and after the induction of discrete lateral roots, and analyzed the captured proteins by label-free quantitative mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
2020-10-08 | PXD021543 | Pride
Project description:Ethylene-mediated improvement in sucrose accumulation in ripening sugarcane involves increased sink strength
| PRJNA541294 | ENA
Project description:Soybean plants that do not produce a sink, such as depodded or male sterile plants, exhibit physiological and morphological changes during the reproductive stages, including increased levels of nitrogen and starch in the leaves and a delayed senescence. To identify transcriptional changes that occur in leaves of sink-limited plants, we used RNAseq to compare gene expression levels in trifoliate leaves from depodded and ms6 male sterile plants and control plants. In sink-limited tissues, we observed a deferral of the expression of senescence-associated genes and a continued high expression of genes associated with the maturity phase of leaf development. We identified GO-terms associated with growth and development and storage protein in sink limited tissues. We also identified that the bHLH. ARFs, and SBP transcription factors were expressed in sink limited tissues while the senescing control leaves expressed WRKY and NAC transcription factors. We identified genes that were not expressed during normal leaf development but highly expressed in sink-limited plants, including the D4 “non-yellowing” gene. These changes highlighted several metabolic pathways that were involved in distinct modes of resource parttioning in the “stay green” leaves.
2017-07-20 | GSE85714 | GEO
Project description:Sweet sorghum has emerged as a promising source of bioenergy mainly due to its high biomass and high soluble sugar yield in stems. Studies have shown that loss-of-function Dry locus alleles have been selected during sweet sorghum domestication, and decapitation can further boost sugar accumulation in sweet sorghum, indicating that the potential for improving sugar yields is yet to be fully realized. To maximize sugar accumulation, it is essential to gain a better understanding of the mechanism underlying the massive accumulation of soluble sugars in sweet sorghum stems in addition to the Dry locus. We performed a transcriptomic analysis upon decapitation of near-isogenic lines for mutant (d, juicy stems, and green leaf midrib) and functional (D, dry stems and white leaf midrib) alleles at the Dry locus. Our analysis revealed that decapitation suppressed photosynthesis in leaves, but accelerated starch metabolic processes in stems. SbbHLH093 negatively correlates with sugar levels supported by genotypes (DD vs. dd), treatments (control vs. decapitation), and developmental stage post anthesis (3d vs.10d). D locus gene SbNAC074A and other programmed cell death-related genes were downregulated by decapitation, while sugar transporter-encoding gene SbSWEET1A was induced. Both SbSWEET1A and Invertase 5 were detected in phloem companion cells by RNA in situ assay. Loss of the SbbHLH093 homolog, AtbHLH093, in Arabidopsis led to a sugar accumulation increase. This study provides new insights into sugar accumulation enhancement in bioenergy crops, which can be potentially achieved by reducing reproductive sink strength and enhancing phloem unloading.
2023-06-17 | GSE206420 | GEO
Project description:Transcripts libraries were prepared from three sugarcane genotypes with high-sugar (HS), medium-sugar (MS) or low-sugar (LS) content that were treated with ethylene or H2O. The libraries were sequenced with the Illumina paired-end HiSeq platform.Transcriptomic analyses have identified about 160,000 unigenes of which 86000 annotated genes were classified into functional groups associated with carbohydrate metabolism, signaling, localization, transport, hydrolysis, growth, catalytic activity, membrane and storage, suggesting the structural and functional specification, including sucrose accumulation, occurring in maturing internodes. About 25,000 genes were differentially expressed between all genotypes and treatments combined. Genotype had a dominant effect on differential gene expression than ethylene treatment. Sucrose and starch metabolism genes were more responsive to ethylene treatment in low-sugar genotype. Ethylene caused differential gene expression of many stress-related transcription factors, carbohydrate metabolism, hormone metabolism and epigenetic modification. Ethylene-induced expression of ethylene-responsive transcription factors, cytosolic acid- and cell wall-bound invertases, and ATPase was more pronounced in low- than in high-sugar genotype, suggesting an ethylene-stimulated sink activity and consequent increased sucrose accumulation in low-sugar genotype.
2019-05-07 | GSE130757 | GEO
Project description:Sugar accumulation enhancement in sorghum stem is associated with reduced reproductive sink strength and increased phloem unloading activity
| PRJNA850636 | ENA
Project description:Metagenomic nanopore sequencing of hospital sink wastewater
| PRJNA1090773 | ENA
Project description:In the developing seeds of all higher plants, filial cells are symplastically isolated from the maternal tissue supplying photosynthate to the reproductive structure. Photoassimilates must be transported apoplastically, crossing several membrane barriers; a process facilitated by sugar transporters. Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) have been proposed to play a crucial role in apoplastic sugar transport during phloem unloading and the post-phloem pathway in sink tissues. Evidence for this is presented here for developing seeds of the C4 model grass Setaria viridis. Using immunolocalisation, SvSWEET4 was detected in various maternal and filial tissues within the seed along the sugar transport pathway, in the vascular parenchyma of the pedicel and the xylem parenchyma of the stem. Expression of SvSWEET4a in Xenopus laevis oocytes indicated that they function as high-capacity glucose and sucrose transporters. Carbohydrate and transcriptional profiling of Setaria seed heads showed that there were some developmental shifts in hexose and sucrose levels and consistent expression of SvSWEET4 homologues. Collectively, these results provide evidence for the involvement of SWEETs in the apoplastic transport pathway of sink tissues and allow a pathway for post-phloem sugar transport into the seed to be proposed.
2022-04-28 | GSE131540 | GEO
Project description:The WOX family of transcription factors and polar auxin transport (PAT) are both essential for embryonic patterning and thus normal embryo development in angiosperms. Recent analysis by us of WOX-related genes in Picea and Pinus suggests that they play fundamental roles during embryo development also in conifers. It has been proposed that there is a connection between the spatial separation of WOX2 and WOX8, and PAT in the formation of the apical-basal axis in Arabidopsis embryos and that both are involved in the regulation of the auxin efflux carrier PIN1. Auxin also seems to play a crucial role in apical-basal axis formation in conifer embryos based on studies using the polar auxin inhibitor NPA. We recently analyzed the expression of a PIN1-like gene in NPA-treated and untreated precotyledonary somatic spruce embryos and could see a significant upregulation of the PIN1-like gene in the NPA-treated embryos.2 Here we show that PaWOX2 is also significantly upregulated in the same embryos. Taken together, this suggests that PAT is involved in regulating both PIN1 and WOX2 expression in conifers and strengthens the evidence for the proposed connection between WOX and PIN genes in seed plants.
| S-EPMC2637508 | biostudies-literature