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Organized B cell selection sites in cartilaginous fishes reveal the evolutionary foundation of germinal center-based selection.

ABSTRACT: Organized B cell selection sites in cartilaginous fishes reveal the evolutionary foundation of germinal center-based selection.

PROVIDER: PRJNA971566 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR24509746_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24509746_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24509747_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24509747_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24509748_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Organized B cell selection sites in cartilaginous fishes reveal the evolutionary foundation of germinal center-based selection.

Project description:The absence of germinal centers (GCs) in cartilaginous fishes lies at odds with data showing nurse sharks can produce robust antigen-specific responses and affinity mature their B cell repertoires. To Investigate this paradox, we performed RNA sequencing on single nuclei, allowing us to characterize the cell types present in the nurse shark spleen, and RNAscope to provide in situ cellular resolution of key marker gene expression following immunization with R-phycoerythrin (PE). We tracked PE to the splenic follicles where it co-localizes with CXCR5high centrocyte-like B cells, surrounded by a peripheral ring of AID+ CXCR4+ centroblast-like B cells, and a population of putative T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. Further, we reveal selection of mutated B cell clones dissected from these follicles. We propose the B cell selection sites identified here represent the evolutionary foundation of GC-based selection, dating back to the jawed vertebrate ancestor.

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Organized B cell sites in cartilaginous fishes reveal the evolutionary foundation of germinal centers.

Project description:The absence of germinal centers (GCs) in cartilaginous fishes lies at odds with data showing that nurse sharks can produce robust antigen-specific responses and affinity mature their B cell repertoires. To investigate this apparent incongruity, we performed RNA sequencing on single nuclei, allowing us to characterize the cell types present in the nurse shark spleen, and RNAscope to provide in situ cellular resolution of key marker gene expression following immunization with R-phycoerythrin (PE). We tracked PE to the splenic follicles where it co-localizes with CXCR5high centrocyte-like B cells and a population of putative T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, surrounded by a peripheral ring of Ki67+ AID+ CXCR4+ centroblast-like B cells. Further, we reveal selection of mutations in B cell clones dissected from these follicles. We propose that the B cell sites identified here represent the evolutionary foundation of GCs, dating back to the jawed vertebrate ancestor.

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Project description:Gene expression profiling of pooled late stage embryos from Leucoraja erinacea, Scyliorhinus canicula and Callorhinchus milii show that HOXC cluster genes are not expressed in the two elasmobranch fishes, L. erinacea and S. canicula. This finding supports the observations that these genes are not found in whole genome shotgun sequencing of L. erinacea or genomic clones from S. canicula. Profile gene expression in pooled late stage embryos from three species (L. erinacea, S. canicula and C. milii)

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