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ATM Loss and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Bladder Cancer

ABSTRACT: ATM Loss and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Bladder Cancer

PROVIDER: PRJNA974064 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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ATM Loss and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Bladder Cancer

Project description:ATM plays a central role in the cellular response to DNA damage and ATM alterations are common in several tumor types including bladder cancer. However, the specific impact of ATM alterations on therapy response in bladder cancer is uncertain. Here, we combine preclinical modeling and clinical analyses to comprehensively define the impact of ATM alterations in bladder cancer. We show that ATM loss is sufficient to increase sensitivity to DNA damaging agents including cisplatin and radiation. Furthermore, ATM loss drives sensitivity to DNA repair targeted agents including PARP and ATR inhibitors. ATM loss alters the immune microenvironment and improves anti-PD1 response in preclinical bladder models but is not associated with improved anti-PD1/PD-L1 response in clinical cohorts. Finally, we show that ATM expression by IHC is strongly correlated with response to chemoradiotherapy. Together these data define a potential role for ATM as a predictive biomarker in bladder cancer.

2023-11-24 | GSE232850 | GEO

ATM deficiency confers specific therapeutic vulnerabilities in bladder cancer.

Project description:Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) plays a central role in the cellular response to DNA damage and ATM alterations are common in several tumor types including bladder cancer. However, the specific impact of ATM alterations on therapy response in bladder cancer is uncertain. Here, we combine preclinical modeling and clinical analyses to comprehensively define the impact of ATM alterations on bladder cancer. We show that ATM loss is sufficient to increase sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents including cisplatin and radiation. Furthermore, ATM loss drives sensitivity to DNA repair-targeted agents including poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) inhibitors. ATM loss alters the immune microenvironment and improves anti-PD1 response in preclinical bladder models but is not associated with improved anti-PD1/PD-L1 response in clinical cohorts. Last, we show that ATM expression by immunohistochemistry is strongly correlated with response to chemoradiotherapy. Together, these data define a potential role for ATM as a predictive biomarker in bladder cancer.

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SETD2 Loss Creates A Permissive Epigenetic Landscape that Promotes Kidney Cancer Metastasis and Engenders Therapeutic Vulnerabilities

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ATM orchestrates the DNA-damage response to counter toxic non-homologous end-joining at broken replication forks

Project description:Mutations in the ATM tumor suppressor gene confer cellular hypersensitivity to various DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents. To explore genetic resistance mechanisms towards such drugs, we performed genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screens in cells treated with the DNA topoisomerase I poison topotecan. Our ensuing characterizations of hits established that loss of terminal components of the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) machinery or components of the BRCA1-A complex specifically confer topotecan resistance to ATM-deficient cells. Our findings indicate that hypersensitivity of ATM-mutant cells to topotecan or the poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib is due to delayed engagement of homologous recombination repair (HRR) at a subset of DNA-replication-fork associated single ended double-strand breaks (seDSBs), which allows non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) mediated repair, resulting in toxic chromosome fusions. Thus, restoration of legitimate repair in ATM-deficient cells – either by preventing the DNA ligation step of NHEJ or by enhancing HRR engagement by deregulating the BRCA1-A complex – markedly suppresses this toxicity. We conclude that the crucial role for ATM at seDSBs is to prevent toxic LIG4-mediated NHEJ at damaged replication forks. Furthermore, our observation that suppressor mutations in ATM-mutant backgrounds are fundamentally different to those that operate in BRCA1-mutant scenarios suggests new opportunities for patient stratification in the clinic, as well as additional therapeutic vulnerabilities that might be exploited in drug-resistant cancers.

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