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Tumor cells impair immunological synapse formation via central nervous system-enriched metabolite

ABSTRACT: Tumor cells impair immunological synapse formation via central nervous system-enriched metabolite

PROVIDER: PRJNA976338 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR24740378_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24740378_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24740379_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24740379_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR24740380_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Tumor cells impair immunological synapse formation via central nervous system-enriched metabolite

Project description:Tumor cells impair immunological synapse formation via central nervous system-enriched metabolite

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Tumor cells impair immunological synapse formation via central nervous system-enriched metabolite

Project description:Tumors employ various strategies to evade immune surveillance. Central nervous system (CNS) has multiple features to restrain immune response，because cranial inflammation can rapidly develop into lethal brain edema. However, whether tumors and CNS share similar programs of immune tolerance is elusive. Here, we analyzed transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of tumors from patients with HER2+ breast cancer, who received trastuzumab, anti-PD-L1 antibodies and docetaxel (KN035-TH-HER2 study). We found that a neuronal metabolite N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and its synthetase N-acetyltransferase 8-like (NAT8L) are enriched in resistant tumors. In CNS, NAA is released during brain inflammation. We showed that NAT8L attenuates brain inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and impairs anti-tumor immunity by inhibiting cytotoxicity of NK cells and CD8+ T cells via NAA. Mechanistically, NAA disrupts the formation of immunological synapse by inducing K542 acetylation of lamin A, which inhibits the integration between lamin A and SUN2 and consequently impairs polarization of lytic granules in NK cells and CD8+ T cells. Our study uncovered that tumor cells mimic the anti-inflammatory protective barrier of CNS to evade from anti-tumor immunity and NAT8L is a potential target to enhance efficacy of anti-cancer agents

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Tumor cells impair immunological synapse formation via central nervous system-enriched metabolite

Project description:As a hallmark of cancer, altered metabolisms induce the suppression of anti-tumor immunity, contributing to immunotherapy resistance. Tumor metabolic reprogramming decreases immune effector cell infiltration, inhibits antigen priming and arrests expansion of effector cells. Therefore, we analyzed metabolism-related gene expression of tumors on a single-cell level using 3 tumor samples from breast cancer patients. We demonstrated that tumor cells with high metabolism-related expression evade immune surveillance.

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Phase separation of chimeric antigen receptor promotes immunological synapse maturation and persistent cytotoxicity

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Phase separation of chimeric antigen receptor promotes immunological synapse maturation and persistent cytotoxicity

Project description:Major challenges of CAR-T cell therapy include poor antigen sensitivity and cell persistence. Here we report a solution to these issues by exploiting CAR phase separation. We found that incorporation of an engineered CD3e motif, EB6I, to the conventional 28Z or BBZ CAR induced self-phase separation through cation-π interactions. EB6I CAR can form a mature immunological synapse with CD2 corolla to transduce efficient antigen and costimulatory signaling, while its tonic signaling remains at low levels. Functionally, EB6I CAR-T cells exhibited improved signaling and cytoxicity against low-antigen tumor and persistent tumor killing function. In multiple primary and relapsed murine tumor models, EB6I CAR-T cells exerted better antitumor functions than conventional CAR-T cells against blood and solid cancers. This study thus unveils a new CAR engineering strategy to improve CAR-T cell immunity by leveraging molecular condensation and signaling integration.

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An integrated workflow for phosphopeptide identification in natural killer cells (NK) and their targets during immunological synapse formation

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DOCK8 enforces immunological tolerance by promoting IL-2 signaling and immune synapse formation in Treg cells

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Astrocyte-derived Interleukin-33 promotes microglial synapse engulfment and neural circuit development I

Project description:Neuronal synapse formation and remodeling is essential to central nervous system (CNS) development and is dysfunctional in neurodevelopmental diseases. Innate immune signals regulate tissue remodeling in the periphery, but how this impacts CNS synapses is largely unknown. Here we show that the IL-1 family cytokine Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is produced by developing astrocytes and is developmentally required for normal synapse numbers and neural circuit function in the spinal cord and thalamus. We find that IL-33 signals primarily to microglia under physiologic conditions, that it promotes microglial synapse engulfment, and that it can drive microglial-dependent synapse depletion in vivo. These data reveal a cytokine-mediated mechanism required to maintain synapse homeostasis during CNS development.

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