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Noncanonical MAVS signaling restrains dendritic cell-driven antitumor immunity by inhibiting IL-12

ABSTRACT: Noncanonical MAVS signaling restrains dendritic cell-driven antitumor immunity by inhibiting IL-12

PROVIDER: PRJNA992397 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Noncanonical MAVS signaling restrains dendritic cell-driven antitumor immunity by inhibiting IL-12

Project description:MAVS-mediated cytosolic RNA sensing plays a central role in tumor immunogenicity. However, the effects of host MAVS signaling on antitumor immunity remains uncertain. Here, we demonstrate that host MAVS pathway drives accelerated tumor growth and impairs antitumor immunity, while MAVS knockout in dendritic cells (DCs) promotes tumor-reactive CD8+ T cell responses. Specifically, the CD8+ T cell priming capacity is enhanced by lack of functional MAVS in a type I interferon-independent, but IL-12-dependent, manner. Mechanistically, loss of RIG-I/MAVS cascade activates non-canonical NF-κB pathway and in turn induces IL-12 production by DCs, resulting in CD8+ T cell: DC crosstalk licensed by IFN-γ and IL-12. Moreover, ablation of host MAVS sensitizes tumors to immunotherapy and attenuates radiation resistance, thereby facilitating the maintenance of effector CD8+ T cells. These findings identify that host MAVS pathway acts as an immune checkpoint of DC-driven antitumor immunity, indicating the development of DC-based immunotherapies through MAVS signaling antagonism.

2023-08-15 | GSE236763 | GEO

CPT1A induction following epigenetic perturbation promotes MAVS palmitoylation and activation to potentiate antitumor immunity

Project description:Targeting epigenetic regulators to potentiate anti-PD-1 immunotherapy converges on the activation of type I interferon (IFN-I) response, mimicking cellular response to viral infection, but how its strength and duration are regulated to impact combination therapy efficacy remains largely unknown. Here, we show that mitochondrial CPT1A downregulation following viral infection restrains, while its induction by epigenetic perturbations sustains, a double-stranded RNA-activated IFN-I response. Mechanistically, CPT1A recruits the endoplasmic reticulum-localized ZDHHC4 to catalyze MAVS Cys79-palmitoylation, which promotes MAVS stabilization and activation by inhibiting K48- but facilitating K63-linked ubiquitination. Further elevation of CPT1A incrementally increases MAVS palmitoylation and amplifies the IFN-I response, which enhances control of viral infection and epigenetic perturbation-induced antitumor immunity. Moreover, CPT1A chemical inducers augment the therapeutic effect of combined epigenetic treatment with PD-1 blockade in refractory tumors. Our study identifies CPT1A as a stabilizer of MAVS activation, and its link to epigenetic perturbation can be exploited for cancer immunotherapy.

2023-10-12 | GSE206746 | GEO

CPT1A induction following epigenetic perturbation promotes MAVS palmitoylation and activation to potentiate antitumor immunity

Project description:argeting epigenetic regulators to potentiate anti-PD-1 immunotherapy converges on the activation of type I interferon (IFN-I) response, mimicking cellular response to viral infection, but how its strength and duration are regulated to impact combination therapy efficacy remains largely unknown. Here, we show that mitochondrial CPT1A downregulation following viral infection restrains, while its induction by epigenetic perturbations sustains, a double-stranded RNA-activated IFN-I response. Mechanistically, CPT1A recruits the endoplasmic reticulum-localized ZDHHC4 to catalyze MAVS Cys79-palmitoylation, which promotes MAVS stabilization and activation by inhibiting K48- but facilitating K63-linked ubiquitination. Further elevation of CPT1A incrementally increases MAVS palmitoylation and amplifies the IFN-I response, which enhances control of viral infection and epigenetic perturbation-induced antitumor immunity. Moreover, CPT1A chemical inducers augment the therapeutic effect of combined epigenetic treatment with PD-1 blockade in refractory tumors. Our study identifies CPT1A as a stabilizer of MAVS activation, and its link to epigenetic perturbation can be exploited for cancer immunotherapy.

2023-10-12 | GSE206747 | GEO

DNA hypomethylation restrains early antitumor immunity in prostate cancer

Project description:DNA hypomethylation restrains early antitumor immunity in prostate cancer

| PRJNA860295 | ENA

DNA hypomethylation restrains early antitumor immunity in prostate cancer [Nanopore]

Project description:DNA hypomethylation restrains early antitumor immunity in prostate cancer [Nanopore]

| PRJNA864844 | ENA

DNA hypomethylation restrains early antitumor immunity in prostate cancer [RNAseq]

Project description:DNA hypomethylation restrains early antitumor immunity in prostate cancer [RNAseq]

| PRJNA860306 | ENA

Targeting APT2 improves MAVS palmitoylation and antiviral innate immunity

Project description:Innate immunity serves as the primary defense against viral and microbial infections in humans. Among its components, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are well-characterized intracellular pattern-recognition proteins that trigger innate immune responses upon viral infection. However, the precise influence of cellular metabolites, especially fatty acids, on the regulation of RLR-mediated antiviral innate immunity remains largely elusive. Here, through screening a metabolite library, palmitic acid (PA) has been identified as a crucial metabolite responsible for modulating antiviral infections. Mechanistically, PA induces the palmitoylation of MAVS, leading to MAVS aggregation and subsequent activation, thereby enhancing the innate immune response against viral infections. Functionally, the enzyme palmitoyl-transferase ZDHHC24 plays a key role in catalyzing the palmitoylation of MAVS at both C46 and C79 residues, thereby facilitating the transduction of RLR-mediated TBK1-IRF3-IFN signaling pathway, particularly under conditions of PA stimulation or high-fat diet feeding. Conversely, the absence of ZDHHC24 significantly attenuates virus-induced innate immune responses in both cells and mice. Moreover, APT2 counteracts with ZDHHC24 to de-palmitoylate MAVS, thus inhibiting the antiviral response. Consequently, inhibition of APT2 using compounds like ML349 effectively reverses MAVS palmitoylation and activation in response to antiviral infections. These findings underscore the critical role of PA and ZDHHC24 in regulating antiviral innate immunity through MAVS palmitoylation, and suggest potential therapeutic strategies for combating viral infections, such as enhancing PA intake or specifically targeting APT2.

2024-09-10 | PXD054077 | Pride

DNA hypomethylation restrains early antitumor immunity in prostate cancer [DNA methylation]

Project description:DNA hypomethylation restrains early antitumor immunity in prostate cancer [DNA methylation]

| PRJNA860307 | ENA

CPT1A induction following epigenetic perturbation promotes MAVS palmitoylation and activation to potentiate antitumor immunity

Project description:CPT1A induction following epigenetic perturbation promotes MAVS palmitoylation and activation to potentiate antitumor immunity

| PRJNA851967 | ENA

CPT1A induction following epigenetic perturbation promotes MAVS palmitoylation and activation to potentiate antitumor immunity

Project description:CPT1A induction following epigenetic perturbation promotes MAVS palmitoylation and activation to potentiate antitumor immunity

| PRJNA851979 | ENA

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