Project description:The sclerotome region of the somite (labelled by nkx3.1:Gal4-VP16; UAS:NTR-mCherry) gives rise to numerous fibroblasts populations in the zebrafish trunk. We performed single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on sclerotome-derived fibroblasts from 52 hpf embryos to determine population heterogeneity and plasticity.
Project description:Heterogeneity in the distribution of nutrients and O2 gradients during biofilm growth gives
rise to changes in phenotype. There has been long term interest in identifying spatial differences during biofilm development including clues that identify chemical heterogeneity. Laser ablation sample transfer (LAST) is demonstrated here for site-specific sampling combined with label free proteomics to distinguish radially and axially resolved proteomes for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.
Project description:Sexual reproduction and recombination are essential for the survival of most eukaryotic populations. Until recently, the impact of these processes on the structure of bacterial populations has been largely overlooked. The advent of large-scale whole-genome sequencing and the concomitant development of molecular tools, such as microarray technology, facilitate the sensitive detection of recombination events in bacteria. These techniques are revealing that bacterial populations are comprised of isolates that show a surprisingly wide spectrum of genetic diversity at the DNA level. Our new awareness of this genetic diversity is increasing our understanding of population structures and of how these affect host?pathogen relationships. Set of arrays organized by shared biological context, such as organism, tumors types, processes, etc. Keywords: Logical Set
Project description:Sexual reproduction and recombination are essential for the survival of most eukaryotic populations. Until recently, the impact of these processes on the structure of bacterial populations has been largely overlooked. The advent of large-scale whole-genome sequencing and the concomitant development of molecular tools, such as microarray technology, facilitate the sensitive detection of recombination events in bacteria. These techniques are revealing that bacterial populations are comprised of isolates that show a surprisingly wide spectrum of genetic diversity at the DNA level. Our new awareness of this genetic diversity is increasing our understanding of population structures and of how these affect host?pathogen relationships. Set of arrays organized by shared biological context, such as organism, tumors types, processes, etc. Computed
Project description:Enterococcus faecalis is often co-isolated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mixed-species biofilm-associated infections of wounds and the urinary tract. As a defence strategy, the host innately restricts iron availability at infection sites. Despite their co-prevalence, the polymicrobial interactions of these two pathogens in low iron conditions, such as those found in the host, remains unexplored. Here we show that E. faecalis inhibits P. aeruginosa growth within macrocolony biofilms when iron is restricted. E. faecalis lactate dehydrogenase (ldh1) gives rise to L-lactate production during fermentative growth. We find that E. faecalis ldh1 mutant fails to inhibit P. aeruginosa growth. Additionally, we demonstrate that ldh1 expression is induced when iron is restricted, resulting in increased lactic acid exported and consequently, a reduction in pH. Together, our results suggest that E. faecalis synergistically impact P. aeruginosa growth negatively by decreasing environmental pH and L-lactate-mediated iron chelation. Overall, this study highlights that the microenvironment in which the infection occurs is important for understanding its pathophysiology.
Project description:During embryonic development, nerve-associated Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) give rise to chromaffin cells of the adrenal gland via the “bridge” transient stage, according to recent functional experiments and single cell data from humans and mice. However, currently existing data do not resolve the finest heterogeneity of developing chromaffin populations. Here we took advantage of deep SmartSeq2 transcriptomic sequencing to expand our collection of individual cells from developing murine sympatho-adrenal anlage and uncover the microheterogeneity of embryonic chromaffin cells and corresponding developmental paths. After improving our atlas of sympatho-adrenal development and performing experimental validations, we discovered that SCPs in the local nerve show high degree of microheterogeneity corresponding to early biases towards either Schwann or chromaffin terminal fates. Furthermore, we found that a post-“bridge” population of developing chromaffin cells gives rise to persisting immature chromaffin cells and the two terminal populations (adrenergic and noradrenergic) via diverging differentiation paths. Taken together, we provide a thorough identification of novel markers of adrenergic and noradrenergic populations in developing adrenal glands and report novel differentiation micro-paths leading to them.
Project description:Phytophthora cinnamomi is a devastating soil-borne oomycete with a very broad host range however there remains a major gap in the understanding of plant resistance responses to the pathogen, furthermore, necrotrophic plant-pathogen interactions, particularly those of root pathogens, remain poorly understood. Zea mays exhibits non-host resistance to the pathogen and has been well characterised as a model species. Using the maize Affymetrix GeneChip array we conducted genome-wide gene expression profiling to elucidate the defence genes and pathways which are induced in the root tissue of a resistant plant species to the pathogen.
Project description:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram negative, opportunistic pathogen, which is the major cause of corneal infections in India and worldwide. Being categorised in the critical group of antibiotic resistant species, it has prompted significance rise in research to develop alternative therapeutics. One such alternative to combat bacterial infections is antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). This study aims to investigate the role of S100A12, a host defence peptide against PAO1. It was also seen to inhibit the bacterial growth of PAO1 in vitro as seen from the colony forming units. Our study sheds light on how S100A12 impacts Pseudomonas and that it might have the potential to be used as therapeutic intervention in addition to antibiotics in future.
Project description:In vertebrates the endoderm which gives rise to the epithelial lining of the digestive tract becomes regionalized along its antero-posterior axis after gastrulation. The molecular basis of the initial step of this regionalization has largely remained unclear. Using chick model, we generated high-quality transcriptomic datasets of different stages/regions of the endoderm and analyzed their molecular heterogeneity.
Project description:We have identified two vessel forming mesenchymal stromal cell populations. Population 1 (P1) is CD45-Ter119-Tie2+PDGFRa-CD31+CD105highSca1low and gives rise to stunted vessels (incomplete tubular structures) in a transplant setting, and Population 2 (P2) which is CD45-Ter119-Tie2+PDGFRa+CD31-CD105lowSca1high and forms stunted vessels and fat. To test the homogeneity and signal interactions of these populations we performed 10X single cell RNA-sequencing on them.