Mouse mammary tumour in FVB N
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina MiSeq
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
SUBMITTER:
PROVIDER: E-ERAD-380 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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2015-03-03 | E-GEOD-61315 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Here, male and female B6C3F1 mice were given single or fractionated whole-body exposure(s) to a monoenergetic carbon ion radiotherapy beam at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba, Japan, matching the radiation quality delivered to the normal tissue ahead of the tumour volume. These mice were then monitored for the remainder of their lifespan and a large number of T cell lymphomas were analysed, alongside those arising in mice exposed to equivalent doses of standard Cs137 gamma ray-irradiation. Using genome-wide DNA copy number analysis to identify genomic loci involved in radiation-induced lymphomagenesis and subsequent detailed analysis of Notch1, Ikaros, Pten, Trp53 and Bcl11b genes we compared the genetic profile of the carbon ion- and gamma ray-induced tumours. The canonical set of genes previously associated with radiation-induced T cell lymphoma was identified in both radiation groups. While the pattern of disruption of the various pathways was somewhat different between the radiation types, most notably Pten mutation frequency and loss of heterozygosity flanking Bcl11b, the most striking finding was the observation of large interstitial deletions at various sites across the genome in carbon ion-induced tumours, which were only seen infrequently in the gamma ray-induced tumours analysed.
2015-03-03 | GSE61315 | GEO
Project description:Inactivation of Pten occurs by multiple mechanisms including epigenetic silencing, point mutations, insertion, and deletion, which are tissue dependent. Although frequent loss of heterozygosity around Pten locus and plausible involvement of epigenetic silencing have been reported in radiation-induced thymic lymphomas, the frequency of Pten inactivation and the spectrum of causal aberrations have not yet been extensively characterized. Here, we assessed the principal mode of inactivation by comprehensively analyzing expression and alterations of Pten gene in 23 radiation-induced thymic lymphomas developed in B6C3F1 mice. We found no evidence for methylation-associated silencing of Pten gene. Instead, we found complex structural abnormalities in 8 lymphomas (35%) that included missense and nonsense mutations, 1- and 3-bp insertions, and focal deletions. Sequencing of deletion breakpoints suggested that illegitimate V(D)J recombination and microhomology-mediated rearrangement were responsible for the focal deletions. Seven out of these 8 lymphomas had biallelic alterations, and 4 of them did not express any Pten protein. These aberrations of Pten were well coincided with downstream Akt phosphorylation on Ser473. In conclusion, Pten inactivation, which is frequently biallelic and is caused by a variety of structural abnormalities but not by epigenetic silencing, is involved in radiation-induced lymphomagenesis. Three thymic lymphomas were analyzed by array-CGH method.
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Project description:Inactivation of Pten occurs by multiple mechanisms including epigenetic silencing, point mutations, insertion, and deletion, which are tissue dependent. Although frequent loss of heterozygosity around Pten locus and plausible involvement of epigenetic silencing have been reported in radiation-induced thymic lymphomas, the frequency of Pten inactivation and the spectrum of causal aberrations have not yet been extensively characterized. Here, we assessed the principal mode of inactivation by comprehensively analyzing expression and alterations of Pten gene in 23 radiation-induced thymic lymphomas developed in B6C3F1 mice. We found no evidence for methylation-associated silencing of Pten gene. Instead, we found complex structural abnormalities in 8 lymphomas (35%) that included missense and nonsense mutations, 1- and 3-bp insertions, and focal deletions. Sequencing of deletion breakpoints suggested that illegitimate V(D)J recombination and microhomology-mediated rearrangement were responsible for the focal deletions. Seven out of these 8 lymphomas had biallelic alterations, and 4 of them did not express any Pten protein. These aberrations of Pten were well coincided with downstream Akt phosphorylation on Ser473. In conclusion, Pten inactivation, which is frequently biallelic and is caused by a variety of structural abnormalities but not by epigenetic silencing, is involved in radiation-induced lymphomagenesis.
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Project description:Breast cancer ranks top in the incidence among the main sites of female cancer in Japan. The epidemiological study on atomic bomb survivors has suggested that the excess relative risk for breast cancer is higher than any other sites. Little is known, however, about the molecular mechanisms of breast cancer induction by radiation. Therefore, we analyzed here the genome-wide copy number aberration of radiation-induced rat mammary carcinomas using microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH). Mammary carcinomas were induced by 2 Gy gamma irradiation of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats at 3 or 7 weeks of age. We examined 14 mammary carcinomas induced by gamma-irradiation (2 Gy) and found 26 aberrations including trisomies of chromosomes 4 and 10 in 3 and 1 carcinomas, respectively, and deletion of chromosomes 3q35q36 and 5q32 (Cdkn2a and Cdkn2b region) in 2 and 2 carcinomas, respectively. On the other hand, only one aberration (amplification of chromosome 10q31) was observed in four spontaneous mammary carcinomas. These results suggest that the trisomy of chromosome 4 and deletion of chromosomes 3q35q36 and 5q32 were associated with radiation exposure. We performed aCGH on mammary carcinoma in Sprague-Dawley rat to identify radiation-specific DNA copy number aberration compared with spontaneous mammary carcinoma.
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Project description:Biallelic and complicated inactivation of Pten in radiation-induced mouse thymic lymphomas
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2010-05-26 | E-GEOD-10858 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This is a genome-wide approach to identifying genes persistently induced in the mouse mammary gland by acute whole body low dose ionizing radiation (10cGy), 1 and 4 weeks after exposure. Gene expression that is modified under these parameters were compared between Tgfb1 wild type and heterozygote littermates in order to determine which genes induced or repressed by radiation were mediated via Tgfb1 status. Differential gene expression was analyzed in Tgfb1 heterozygote and wild type littermate 4th mammary glands, after whole body exposure to an acute dose of 10cGy ionizing radiation. Estrus cycle was normalized in all mice two days prior to irradiation by injection with an estrogen and progesterone mixture. It is widely believed that the carcinogenic action of ionizing radiation is due to targeted DNA damage and resulting mutations, but there is also substantial evidence that non-targeted radiation effects alter epithelial phenotype and the stromal microenvironment. Activation of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFbeta) is a non-targeted radiation effect that mediates cell fate decisions following DNA damage and regulates microenvironment composition; it could either suppress or promote cancer. Gene expression profiling shown herein demonstrates that low dose radiation (10 cGy) elicits persistent changes in Tgfb1 wild type and heterozygote murine mammary gland that are highly modulated by TGFbeta. We asked if such non-targeted radiation effects contribute to carcinogenesis by using a novel radiation chimera model. Unirradiated Trp53 null mammary epithelium was transplanted to the mammary stroma of mice previously exposed to a single low (10 -100 cGy) radiation dose. By 300 days, 100% of transplants in irradiated hosts at either 10 or 100 cGy had developed Trp53 null breast carcinomas compared to 54% in unirradiated hosts. Tumor growth rate was also increased by high, but not low, dose host irradiation. In contrast, irradiation of Tgfb1 heterozygote mice prior to transplantation failed to decrease tumor latency, or increase growth rate at any dose. Host irradiation significantly reduced the latency of invasive ductal carcinoma compared to spindle cell carcinoma, as well as those tumors negative for smooth muscle actin in wild type but not Tgfb1 heterozygote mice. However, irradiation of either host genotype significantly increased the frequency of estrogen receptor negative tumors. These data demonstrate two concepts critical to understanding radiation risks. First, non-targeted radiation effects can significantly promote the frequency and alter the features of epithelial cancer. Second, radiation-induced TGFbeta activity is a key mechanism of tumor promotion. Keywords: Differential gene expression after low dose irradiation Two genotypes: TGBbeta1 heterozygote and wildtype mouse mammary glands. Two time points post-10cGy-irradiation per genotype (1 week, 4 weeks); control time point was 1 week post-sham-irradiation. Two or three replicates per time point.
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