Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Genes associated with alcohol abuse and nicotine addiction in the human nucleus accumbens

ABSTRACT: Background: The incidence of alcohol and tobacco co-abuse is as high as 80%. The molecular mechanism underlying this comorbidity is virtually unknown but interactions between these drugs have important implications for the development of, and recovery from drug dependence. Methods: We investigated the effects of chronic tobacco and alcohol abuse and the interaction of the two behaviours on global gene expression in the human nucleus accumbens using cDNA microarrays and 20 alcoholic and control cases, with and without smoking comorbidity. Changes in gene expression were established by two-way ANOVA. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering was utilized to probe the strength of the data sets. Results: Subjecting the data sets derived from microarray gene expression screening to unsupervised hierarchical clustering tied the cases into distinct groups. When considering all alcohol-responsive genes, alcoholics were separated from non alcoholics with the exception of one control case. All smokers were distinguished from non smokers based on similarity in expression of smoking-sensitive genes. In the nucleus accumbens, alcohol-responsive genes were associated with transcription, lipid metabolism and signalling. Smoking-sensitive genes were predominantly assigned to functional groups concerned with RNA processing and the endoplasmic reticulum. Both drugs influenced the expression of genes involved in matrix remodelling, proliferation and cell morphogenesis. Additionally, a gene set encoding proteins involved in the canonical pathway ‘regulation of the actin cytoskeleton’ was induced in response to alcohol and tobacco co-abuse and included. Conclusions: The region-specific modulation of alcohol-sensitive gene expression by smoking may have important consequences for alcohol-induced aberrations within the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. The data set contained individual RNA samples extracted from the nucleus accumbens from 5 non smoking non drinking control case, 5 non smoking alcoholics, 5 non drinking smokers, and 5 smoking alcoholics. An aliquot if each sample was combined to generate a reference pool. Each sample was amplified individually and labelled with Cy3 in the process, the reference samples was amplified and labelled with Cy5. Each sample was hybridised competitively against the reference sample to 1 array.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Traute Flatscher-Bader

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-20568 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Genes associated with alcohol abuse and tobacco smoking in the human nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area.

Flatscher-Bader Traute T Harrison Erin E Matsumoto Izuru I Wilce Peter A PA

Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research 20100504 7

<h4>Background</h4>The incidence of alcohol and tobacco co-abuse is as high as 80%. The molecular mechanism underlying this comorbidity is virtually unknown, but interactions between these drugs have important implications for the development of and recovery from drug dependence.<h4>Methods</h4>We investigated the effects of chronic tobacco and alcohol abuse and the interaction of the 2 behaviors on global gene expression in the human nucleus accumbens using cDNA microarrays and 20 alcoholic and ...[more]

PMID: 20477762

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Project description:Comparison of gene expression in post-mortem hippocampus from 20 alcoholics and 19 controls. The chronic high-level alcohol consumption seen in alcoholism leads to dramatic effects on the hippocampus, including decreased white matter, loss of oligodendrocytes and other glial cells, and inhibition of neurogenesis. Examining gene expression in post mortem hippocampal tissue from 20 alcoholics and 19 controls allowed us to detect differentially expressed genes that may play a role in the risk for alcoholism or whose expression is modified by chronic consumption of alcohol. We identified 639 named genes whose expression significantly differed between alcoholics and controls at a False Discovery Rate (FDR) ? 0.20; 52% of these genes differed by at least 1.2-fold. Differentially expressed genes included the glucocorticoid receptor and the related gene FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5), UDP glycosyltransferase 8 (UGT8), urea transporter (SLC14A1), zinc transporter (SLC39A10), Interleukin 1 receptor type 1 (IL1R1), thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), and many metallothioneins. Pathways related to inflammation, hypoxia, and stress showed activation, and pathways that play roles in neurogenesis and myelination showed decreases. The cortisol pathway dysregulation and increased inflammation identified here are seen in other stress-related conditions such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder and most likely play a role in addiction. Many of the detrimental effects on the hippocampus appear to be mediated through NF-?B signaling. Twenty-four of the differentially regulated genes were previously identified by genome-wide association studies of alcohol use disorders; this raises the potential interest of genes not normally associated with alcoholism, such as suppression of tumorigenicity 18 (ST18), BCL2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3), and von Willebrand factor (VWF). Comparison of gene expression from frozen human post-mortem hippocampus from 20 alcoholics and 19 controls using one array per sample. There were 6 females in each group. Sex and labeling batch were included in the analysis. The hippocampus samples came from the New South Wales Tissue Resource Centre at the University of Sydney, Australia, case ID provided for the sample. The total RNA samples were labeled in 2 balanced batches (indicated by labeling_batch). Brain sample QC provided by Tissue bank: brain pH and Post mortem interval in hours. Repoistory website: http://sydney.edu.au/medicine/pathology/trc/

Dataset Information

Genes associated with alcohol abuse and nicotine addiction in the human nucleus accumbens

Publications

Genes associated with alcohol abuse and tobacco smoking in the human nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area.

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