Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Differentiating Arabidopsis shoots from leaves by combined YABBY activities

ABSTRACT: In seed plants, leaves are born on radial shoots but unlike shoots they are determinate dorsiventral organs made of flat lamina. YABBY genes are found only in seed plants and in all cases studied, are expressed primarily in lateral organs and in a polar manner. Despite their simple expression, Arabidopsis plants lacking all YABBY gene activities have a wide range of morphological defects in all lateral organs as well as the shoot apical meristem. Here we show that leaves lacking all YABBY activities are initiated as dorsiventral appendages but fail to properly activate lamina programs. In particular, the activation of most CIN-TCPs does not commence, SAM-specific programs are reactivated, and a marginal leaf domain is not established. Altered distribution of auxin signalling and the auxin efflux carrier PIN1, highly reduced venation, initiation of multiple cotyledons, and gradual loss of the SAM accompany these defects. We suggest that YABBY functions were recruited to mould modified shoot systems into flat plant appendages by translating organ polarity into lamina specific programs that include marginal auxin flow and activation a maturation schedule directing determinate growth. Four repeats of wild type 14 DAS plants were used to compare to fil,y3 and fil,y3,y5 mutants of similar age (two repeats of each)

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

SUBMITTER: Idan Efroni

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-21705 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Differentiating Arabidopsis shoots from leaves by combined YABBY activities.

Sarojam Rajani R Sappl Pia G PG Goldshmidt Alexander A Efroni Idan I Floyd Sandra K SK Eshed Yuval Y Bowman John L JL

The Plant cell 20100713 7

In seed plants, leaves are born on radial shoots, but unlike shoots, they are determinate dorsiventral organs made of flat lamina. YABBY genes are found only in seed plants and in all cases studied are expressed primarily in lateral organs and in a polar manner. Despite their simple expression, Arabidopsis thaliana plants lacking all YABBY gene activities have a wide range of morphological defects in all lateral organs as well as the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Here, we show that leaves lacking ...[more]

PMID: 20628155

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Project description:Floral organ identities are specified by few transcription factors which act as master regulators. Subsequently, specification of organ axes programs the distribution of distinct tissue types within the organs that themselves develop unique identities. The C-class, AGAMOUS-clade MADS box genes are primary promoters of the gynoecium which is divided into a distal style and a subtending ovary along the apical-basal axis. We show that members of a clade of B3-domain transcription factors, NGATHA1 to NGA4 (NGA1-4), are expressed distally in all lateral organs, and all four have a redundant and essential role in style development. Loss of all four genes results in gynoecia where style is replaced by valve-like projections and a reduction in style-specific SHATTERPROOF1 (SHP1) expression. In agreement, floral misexpression of NGA1 promotes ectopic style and SHP1 expression. STYLISH1, an auxin biosynthesis inducer, conditionally activated NGA genes, which in turn, promoted distal expression of other STY genes in a putative positive feed back loop. Inhibited auxin transport or lack of YABBY1 gene activities resulted in a basally expanded style domain and broader expression of NGA genes. We speculate that early gynoecium factors delimit NGA gene response to an auxin-based signal, elicited by STY gene activity, to restrict the activation of style program to a late and distal carpel domain. RNA was extracted from inflorescences of 30 day old plants using Qiagen RNAEasy kit. cRNA was synthesized and hybridized to Affymetrix ATH1 array according to manufacture recommendation. Seven repeats of wild type, two repeats of nga quadruple mutants and two repeats of 35S:amiR-NGA164a were collected. Signal values were obtained and normalized using the GC-RMA protocol, using R 2.7.2 (www.r-project.org) and Bioconductor 2.2 (www.bioconductor.org/). Average correlation values between repeats was 0.985, while the average correlation between wild type and mutant samples was only 0.972. As the average correlation between samples the nga quadruple mutants and 35S:amiR-NGA164a plants was 0.984, and given the identical phenotype, we grouped the two genotypes together.

Dataset Information

Differentiating Arabidopsis shoots from leaves by combined YABBY activities

Publications

Differentiating Arabidopsis shoots from leaves by combined YABBY activities.

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