Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

Dataset Information

Aedes aegypti whole-genome gene expression

ABSTRACT: Sequencing of the Aedes aegypti genome has enabled genome-wide studies of gene expression in this mosquito. The large quantities of data produced from such studies require efficient cataloguing in order for new insight to be made into gene expression patterns and the underlying molecular mechanisms for producing these patterns. Our study provides a comprehensive catalogue of genes whose transcription products increase or decrease in abundance in adult females following blood feeding. We developed a publicly-accessible database and data-mining tool, aeGEPUCI, that integrates 1) stage-specific microarray analyses of gene expression in Ae. aegypti, 2) functional gene annotation, 3) genomic sequence data, and 4) computational sequence analysis tools. The database is accessible from the address http://www.aegep.bio.uci.edu. 8 conditions, 3 replicates for each condition

ORGANISM(S): Aedes aegypti

SUBMITTER: Osvaldo Marinotti

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-22339 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

aeGEPUCI: a database of gene expression in the dengue vector mosquito, Aedes aegypti.

Dissanayake Sumudu N SN Ribeiro Jose Mc JM Wang Mei-Hui MH Dunn William A WA Yan Guiyun G James Anthony A AA Marinotti Osvaldo O

BMC research notes 20101004

<h4>Background</h4>Aedes aegypti is the principal vector of dengue and yellow fever viruses. The availability of the sequenced and annotated genome enables genome-wide analyses of gene expression in this mosquito. The large amount of data resulting from these analyses requires efficient cataloguing before it becomes useful as the basis for new insights into gene expression patterns and studies of the underlying molecular mechanisms for generating these patterns.<h4>Findings</h4>We provide a publ ...[more]

PMID: 20920356

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Project description:With their genome sequenced, Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes now serve as a powerful tool for basic research in comparative, evolutionary and developmental biology. The knowledge generated by these studies is expected to reveal molecular targets for novel vector control and pathogen transmission blocking strategies. Comparisons of gene-expression profiles between adult male and nonblood-fed female Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes revealed that roughly 22% of the genes showed sex-dependent regulation. Blood-fed females switch the majority of their metabolism to blood digestion and egg formation within 3 h after the meal is ingested, in detriment to other activities such as flight and response to environment stimuli. Changes in gene expression are most evident during the first, second and third days after a blood meal, when as many as 50% of all genes showed significant variation in transcript accumulation. After laying the first cluster of eggs (between 72 and 96 h after the blood meal), mosquitoes return to a nongonotrophic stage, similar but not identical to that of 3-dayold nonblood-fed females. Ageing and/or the nutritional state of mosquitoes at 15 days after a blood meal is reflected by the down-regulation of 5% of all genes. A full description of the large number of genes regulated at each analysed time point and each biochemical pathway or biological processes in which they are involved is not possible within the scope of this contribution. Therefore, we present descriptions of groups of genes displaying major differences in transcript accumulation during the adult mosquito life. However, a publicly available searchable database (Anopheles gambiae Gene Expression Database at UC Irvine) has been made available so that detailed analyses of specific groups of genes based on their descriptions, functions or levels of gene expression variation can be performed by interested investigators according to their needs. Experiment Overall Design: 12 Samples analyzed, 3 replicates per sample, Affymetrix internal controls

Project description:Background: Mosquito midgut is an important target for the host parasite interaction studies as this major immune organ plays a role in parasite growth, maturation and vector competence. Most important rural malaria vector of India is Proteomic approaches coupled with bioinformatics analysis have been used to study expression of functional proteins/enzymes of An. culicifacies susceptible and refractory species midgut in order to understand the mechanism of refractoriness that may help in contributing to unravel the host pathogen interactions Methodology/Principle findings: Basic shot gun proteomics approaches along with iTRAQ based differential studies followed by LC/MS/MS were employed to study the proteome of sugar fed An. culicifacies midgut. Further bioinformatics analysis was carried out using Gene ontology, SMART analysis, CELLO algorithm etc. Here proteins identified with iTRAQ Ratio more than 1.5 was considered up regulated and less than 0.67 were considered down regulated. Ratio from 1.5 – 0.67 were considered as moderate to no change. Using these criteria we observed total 80 proteins in An. culicifacies midgut and when compared susceptible species against refractory species, total 30 proteins were found to be downregulated. 3 proteins were found to be upregulated in refractory species Conclusion/Significance: Based on the present data a significant increase in number of proteins in midgut of refractory An. culicifacies species B were found that may conclude that these proteins may be responsible for the inhibiting parasite growth and linked to the melanization of oocysts or parasite lysis mechanisms in natural populations of refractory mosquito. Hence the progress of our studies at protein level suggests that these identified annotated putative proteins/enzymes may help to explore natural vector-parasite systems and reveal valuable insights into the mechanism of refractoriness which in turn further useful for bringing of novel strategies for control of malaria.

Project description:Numerous studies have examined changes in transcript levels after Anopheles gambiae takes a blood meal. Marinotti et al. (2006) used microarrays and reported massive changes in transcript levels 3 h after feeding (BF3h) compared to non-blood fed (NBF). We were intrigued by the number of transcripts for structural cuticular proteins (CPs) that showed such major differences in levels and employed paired-end (50 bp) RNA-seq technology to compare whole body transcriptomes from 5-day-old females NBF and BF3h. We detected transcripts for the majority of CPs (164/243) but levels of only 12 were significantly altered by the blood meal. While relative transcript levels of NBF females were somewhat similar to the microarray data, there were major differences in BF3h animals, resulting in levels of many transcripts, both for CPs and other genes changing in the opposite direction. We compared our data also to other studies done with both microarrays and RNA-seq. Findings were consistent that a small number of CP genes have transcripts that persist even in 5-day-old adults. Some of these transcripts showed diurnal rhythms (Rund et al., 2013; Rinker et al., 2013). In situ hybridization revealed that transcripts for several of these CP genes were found exclusively or predominantly in the eye. Transcripts other than for CPs that changed in response to blood-feeding were predominantly expressed in midgut and Malpighian tubules. Even in these tissues, genes responsible for proteins with similar functions, such as immunity or digestion, responded differently, with transcript levels for some rising and others falling. These data demonstrate that genes coding for some CPs are dynamic in expression even in adults and that the response to a blood meal is rapid and precisely orchestrated. Five females 3h after the blood meal (BF3h) and non-blood fed (NBF, controls) were collected for each RNA extraction. RNA preparations were sent to HudsonAlpha where eight libraries were prepared (four replicates for each treatments) with poly-A selection and preparation of 200 bp fragments using the Illumina True-Seq RNA Sample Prep kit and analyzed with HiSEQ paired-end reads of 50 nt.

Project description:Globally invasive Aedes aegypti mosquitoes disseminate numerous arboviruses that impact human health. One promising method to control Ae. aegypti populations is transinfection with the intracellular bacterium Wolbachia pipientis, a symbiont that naturally infects ~40-52% of insects but is normally absent from Ae. aegypti. Transinfection of Ae. aegypti with the wMel Wolbachia strain induces cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), allowing infected individuals to rapidly invade native populations. Further, wMel Wolbachia-infected females display refractoriness to medically relevant arboviruses. Thus, wMel Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti are being released in several areas to replace native populations, thereby suppressing disease transmission by this species. Wolbachia is reported to have minimal effects on Ae. aegypti fertility, but its influence on other reproductive processes is unknown. Female insects undergo several post-mating physiological and behavioral changes required for optimal fertility. Post-mating responses (PMRs) in female insects are typically elicited by receipt of male seminal fluid proteins (SFPs) transferred with sperm during mating, but can be modified by other factors, such as adult age, nutritional status, and microbiome composition. To assess how Wolbachia infection influences Ae. aegypti female PMRs, we collected wMel Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti from the field in Medellín, Colombia and introduced the bacterium into our laboratory strain. We found that Wolbachia influences female fecundity, fertility, and re-mating incidence. Further, we observed that Wolbachia significantly extends longevity of virgin females. Changes in female PMRs are not due to defects in sperm transfer by infected males, or sperm storage by infected females. Using proteomic methods to examine the seminal proteome of infected males, we found that Wolbachia infection has a moderate effect on SFP composition. However, we identified 125 Wolbachia proteins that are paternally transferred to females by infected males. Surprisingly, the CI factor proteins (Cifs), were not detected in the ejaculates of Wolbachia-infected males. Our findings indicate that Wolbachia infection of Ae. aegypti alters female post-mating responses, potentially influencing control programs that utilize Wolbachia-infected individuals.

Dataset Information

Aedes aegypti whole-genome gene expression

Publications

aeGEPUCI: a database of gene expression in the dengue vector mosquito, Aedes aegypti.

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