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Transcription profiling of placenta from pregnant C57/BL mice treated with dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg) on gestational day 15, 16, 17, vs. saline treated controls to examine the effect of antenatal steroids on fetal growth

ABSTRACT: Antenatal steroids (AS) are used to augment fetal lung maturity and there is a major concern that they impair fetal growth. If delivery is delayed after using AS, placental function and hence fetal growth may be compromised even further. We treated three pairs of pregnant C57/BL mice with AS and studied changes in placental gene expression by microarray analysis, these results were later confirmed by semi quantitative RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and Oligo ApopTaq assay. AS treated placentas were hydropic, friable and pale. Placental weight was decreased (78.8±16.7 mg compared to 81.3±17 mg, p<0.05) and so was fetal weight (914 38 mg compared to 1160 85 mg, p<0.05). There was more than 99% similarity between the three gene chip data sets. AS led to down-regulation of 1212 genes and up-regulation of 1382 genes. AS led to decrease in expression of genes involved in cell division like cyclin A2, B1, D2, CDK2, CDK4 and M phase protein kinase along with growth promoting genes like BMP4 and IGF-BP4. Tryptophan hydroxylase gene a key regulator of serotonin production was upegulated by >15 fold. AS treatment caused deleterious effects on placenta by decreasing expression of growth related genes and increased apoptosis of trophoblast cells. 3 sets of pregnant C57/BL mice were treated with dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg) on gestational day 15, 16, 17. 3 sets of pregant mice were injected with saline and served as controls.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Beth Baisden

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-4165 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Antenatal steroid (AS) adversely affects placental function: A study of molecular effects using micro-array analysis

Project description:Antenatal steroids (AS) are used to augment fetal lung maturity and there is a major concern that they impair fetal growth. If delivery is delayed after using AS, placental function and hence fetal growth may be compromised even further. We treated three pairs of pregnant C57/BL mice with AS and studied changes in placental gene expression by microarray analysis, these results were later confirmed by semi quantitative RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and Oligo ApopTaq assay. AS treated placentas were hydropic, friable and pale. Placental weight was decreased (78.8±16.7 mg compared to 81.3±17 mg, p<0.05) and so was fetal weight (914 38 mg compared to 1160 85 mg, p<0.05). There was more than 99% similarity between the three gene chip data sets. AS led to down-regulation of 1212 genes and up-regulation of 1382 genes. AS led to decrease in expression of genes involved in cell division like cyclin A2, B1, D2, CDK2, CDK4 and M phase protein kinase along with growth promoting genes like BMP4 and IGF-BP4. Tryptophan hydroxylase gene a key regulator of serotonin production was upegulated by >15 fold. AS treatment caused deleterious effects on placenta by decreasing expression of growth related genes and increased apoptosis of trophoblast cells. Keywords: comparitive gene expression

2006-09-02 | GSE4165 | GEO

Campylobacter jejuni murine adaptation: unadapted v. adapted during growth in C57 BL/6 IL-10-/- germ-free mice.

Project description:Expression arrays comparing Campylobacter jejuni 11168 before and after serial passage in C57 BL/6 IL-10 deficient mice. Transcript abundance was compared between C. jejuni variants during growth in the ceca of C57 BL/6 IL-10 deficient germ-free mice.

2010-08-28 | GSE23811 | GEO

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Contributes to Negative Pregnancy Outcomes by Altering Fetal Vascular Dynamics and Placental Transcriptome

Project description:Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) has previously been shown to alter fetal blood flow in utero and is also associated with placental insufficiency and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), suggesting an underlying connection between perturbed circulation and pregnancy outcomes. Here we show that a single exposure to ethanol in pregnant mice on gestational day 10 (GD10) by gavage attenuates umbilical cord blood flow transiently during gestation, explaining the observed IUGR, specifically decreased fetal weight, and morphometric indices of cranial growth. Moreover, RNAseq of the fetal portion of the placenta demonstrated that this single exposure has lasting transcriptomic changes, including upregulation of Tet3, which is associated with spontaneous abortion. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified erythrocyte differentiation and homeostasis as important pathways associated with improved umbilical cord blood flow as gestation progresses. WGCNA also identified sensory perception of chemical stimulus/odorant and receptor activity as important pathways associated with cranial growth. Our data suggest that PAE perturbs the expression of placental genes relevant for placental hematopoiesis and environmental sensing, resulting in transient impairment of umbilical cord blood flow and subsequently, IUGR.

2022-08-16 | GSE195489 | GEO

Effect of Genetically Reduced Maternal Myostatin on Late Gestation Maternal, Fetal, and Placental Metabolomes in Mice.

Project description:Myostatin (gene symbol: Mstn) is an autocrine and paracrine inhibitor of muscle growth. Pregnant mice with genetically reduced levels of myostatin give birth to offspring with greater adult muscle mass and bone biomechanical strength. However, maternal myostatin is not detectable in fetal circulations. Fetal growth is dependent on the maternal environment, and the provisioning of nutrients and growth factors by the placenta. Thus, this study examined the effect of reduced maternal myostatin on maternal and fetal serum metabolomes, as well as the placental metabolome. Fetal and maternal serum metabolomes were highly distinct, which is consistent with the role of the placenta in creating a specific fetal nutrient environment. There was no effect from myostatin on maternal glucose tolerance or fasting insulin. In comparisons between pregnant control and Mstn+/- mice, there were more significantly different metabolite concentrations in fetal serum, at 50, than in the mother's serum at 33, confirming the effect of maternal myostatin reduction on the fetal metabolic milieu. Polyamines, lysophospholipids, fatty acid oxidation, and vitamin C, in fetal serum, were all affected by maternal myostatin reduction.

2023-06-08 | MTBLS3345 | MetaboLights

IMPACT OF NEAR-CONTINUOUS LOW DOSE-RATE NEUTRON IRRADIATION ON PREGNANCY OUTCOMES IN MICE

Project description:The effects of galactic cosmic radiation on reproductive physiology remain largely unknown. We determined the impact of near-continuous low-dose-rate Californium-252 neutron irradiation (1 mGy/day) as a space-relevant analog on litter size and number of resorptions at embryonic day (E) 12.5 (n=19 radiated dams, n=20 controls) and litter size, number of resorptions, fetal growth, and placental signaling and transcriptome (RNA sequencing) at E18.5 (n=21 radiated dams, n=20 controls) in pregnant mice. A significantly increased early resorption rate and decreased placental weight was observed in irradiated mice. There were no statistically significant differences in litter size, fetal weight, length, or malformation rate between the groups. Near-continuous radiation had no significant effects on mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), endoplasmic reticulum stress or inflammatory signaling, rate of double-stranded DNA breaks, and had minimal effects on gene expression in the placenta. These data suggest that near-continuous, low-level galactic cosmic radiation has a limited impact on pregnancy outcomes.

2024-07-01 | GSE271237 | GEO

Maternal Influenza A Virus Infection Restricts Fetal and Placental Growth and Adversely Affects the Fetal Thymic Transcriptome

Project description:Maternal influenza A viral infections in humans are associated with low birth weight, increased risk of pre-term birth, stillbirth and congenital defects. To examine the effect of maternal influenza virus infection on placental and fetal growth, pregnant C57BL/6 mice were inoculated intranasally with influenza A virus A/CA/07/2009 pandemic H1N1 or PBS at E3.5, E7.5 or E12.5, and the placentae and fetuses collecgted and weighed at E18.5. Fetal thymuses were pooled from each litter. Placentae were examined histologically, stained by IHC for CD34 and vascular channels quantified. RNA from E7.5 and E12.5 placentae and E7.5 fetal thymuses was subjected to RNA sequencing and pathway analysis. Placental weights were decreased in litters inoculated with influenza at E3.5 and E7.5. Placentae from E7.5 and E12.5 inoculated litters exhibited decreased labyrinth development and transmembrane protein 150A gene was upregulated in E7.5 placentae. Fetal weights were decreased in litters inoculated at E7.5 and E12.5 compared to controls. RNA sequencing of E7.5 thymuses indicated that 957 genes were downregulated 2-fold including Mal, which is associated with Toll-like receptor signaling and T cell differentiation. There were 28 upregulated genes. It is concluded that maternal influenza A virus infection impairs fetal thymic gene expression as well as restricting placental and fetal growth.

2020-09-11 | GSE157132 | GEO

Transcription profiling of mouse placenta to determine the relative effects of maternal and fetal genotype on the placental transcriptome at E18.5

Project description:The placenta plays a crucial role in the normal growth and development in mammals by serving as an interface for nutrients, respiratory gases and physiological signals between the mother and fetus. Here we use a novel embryo transfer system in mice to identify the major physiological pathways in the placenta that are principally influenced by altered maternal environment. Embryos of identical genotype were transferred at the one cell stage into surrogate mothers either of the same strain or from a different strain. We analyzed the relative effects of maternal and fetal genotype on fetal weight, placental weight and the placental transcriptome at E18.5. The results show that maternal genotype overrides fetal genotype as the principal regulator of fetal weight (p<0.0001). Microarray analysis of the transcriptome in placentas revealed that a small fraction (0.25%) of placental genes are specifically regulated by maternal genotype (p<0.05, FDR<0.10). Pathway analysis of these genes using the programs Gene Ontology and MetaCore from GeneGO inc. revealed highest statistical significance in signaling pathways that regulate cell growth and lipid metabolism. These results provide a mechanistic understanding of important molecular pathways involved in maternal regulation of fetal growth and development.

2010-08-06 | E-MEXP-2479 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcription profiling of decidua basalis from women with normal pregnancies or preeclampsia and/or fetal growth restriction

Project description:The aim of the study was to compare gene expression profiles in decidua basalis from cases with complicated pregnancies to those from healthy pregnant controls. Cases included pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE) and/or fetal growth restriction (FGR). Decidual tissue was obtained by vacuum suction of the placental bed after the placenta was delivered. Women with PE and/or FGR were included as cases. PE was defined as persistent hypertension (blood pressure (BP) ¡Ý 140/90 mm Hg), plus proteinuria (¡Ý0.3g/24 h or ¡Ý2+ according to a dipstick test), developing after 20 weeks of pregnancy. FGR implied birth weight under 2 standard deviations (SD) below the expected birth weight, as related to gestational age (GA) and sex. Due to tissue sampling procedures, only cases delivered by cesarean section (CS) were included. Healthy women with normal pregnancies, undergoing CS for various reasons considered irrelevant to the aim of this study (e. g. breech presentation and previous CS), served as controls. Tissue was immediately submerged in a RNA stabilisation solution (RNAlater, Ambion, Huntingdon, U.K.), incubated at 4¡ãC overnight and stored at -80¡ãC

2007-08-31 | E-MEXP-1050 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Campylobacter jejuni gene expression in germ-free mice

Project description:Expression arrays comparing Campylobacter jejuni NCTC11168 during growth in the cecum of germ-free C57 BL/6 IL-10 knockout mice to C. jejuni NCTC11168 during growth in Bolton broth.

2011-04-14 | GSE28578 | GEO

Alteration of LncRNA expression in mice placentae after frozen embryo transfer is associated with increased fetal weight.

Project description:Background: Frozen embryo transfer (FET) significantly upregulates fetal weight compared with fresh embryo transfer. However, the mechanism of FET increasing fetal weight remains unclear. Methods: We transferred blastocysts which had been vitrifified and warmed or fresh blastocysts into individual pseudopregnant recipients (n=11 mice each group) produced by natural mating to eliminate the influence of superovulation. The fetal weight, placental weight, placental efficiency and placenta architecture were compared. We performed placental lncRNA sequencing and mRNA sequencing to study the placental transcriptoms changes. And 15 selected differentially expressed lncRNAs and 15 mRNAs was checked. Findings: Enhanced birthweight (1.513 g vs. 1.685 g, P <0.001) was found in FET mice, with increased placental efficiency (11.355 vs. 10.312, P =0.045) and proportion of labyrinth zone area (59.78% vs. 53.19%, P = 0.034), indicating FET might change the placental function and morphology architecture. A total of placental 97608 mRNAs and 103339 lncRNAs were obtained, among which 1012 mRNAs and 554 lncRNAs showed significantly different expression between two groups. KEGG and GO enrichment analyses showed that the differentially expressed lncRNAs and their targeted mRNAs were related to labyrinth zone formation and maternal-fetal interface vascular remodeling. qRT-PCR, Western blotting and correlation analysis demonstrated that suppressed Lncenc1 to elevate Gjb5 might play a role in increased fetal weight of FET. Interpretation: FET changes the placental function and architecture resulting in higher mouse fetal weight, potentially via the network diagram of Lncenc1-miRNA-Gjb5.

2022-12-22 | GSE180310 | GEO

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