Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Quorum sensing in CD4+ T cells homeostasis : IL-2 coordinates the interplay between IL-2p and regulatory T cells.

ABSTRACT: Many species of bacteria use quorum sensing to sense the amounts of secreted metabolites and adapt their growth according to their population density. We asked whether similar mechanisms would operate in lymphocyte homeostasis. We investigated the regulation of the size of Interleukin-2-producing CD4+ T-cell (IL-2p) pool using different IL-2-reporter mice. We found that in the absence of either IL-2 or regulatory CD4+ T-cells (Treg) the number of IL-2p-cells increases. Administration of IL-2 decreases the number of cells of the IL-2p-cell subset and pertinently, abrogates their ability to produce IL-2 upon in vivo cognate stimulation, while increasing Treg-cell numbers. We propose that control of the IL-2p-cell numbers occurs via a quorum-sensing-like feedback loop where the produced IL-2 is sensed by both the activated CD4+ T-cell pool and by Treg-cells, which reciprocally regulate cells of the IL-2p-cell subset. In conclusion, IL-2 acts as a self-regulatory circuit integrating the homeostasis of activated and regulatory T cells as CD4+ T-cells restrain their growth by monitoring IL-2 levels thereby preventing uncontrolled responses and autoimmunity. 2 populations of conventional CD4+ T cell are analysed. 5 replicates for each. GFP- is the control one.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Antonio Freitas

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-50149 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Long-term consumption of fatty foods is associated with obesity, macrophage activation and inflammation, metabolic imbalance, and a reduced lifespan. We took advantage of Drosophila genetics to investigate the role of macrophages and the pathway(s) that govern their response to dietary stress. Flies fed a lipid-rich diet presented with increased fat storage, systemic JAK-STAT activation, reduced insulin sensitivity and hyperglycaemia, and a shorter lifespan. Drosophila macrophages scavenged lipids and produced the type 1 cytokine upd3, in a scavenger-receptor (croquemort) and JNK-dependent manner. Genetic depletion of macrophages, or macrophage-specific silencing of upd3 decreased JAK-STAT activation and rescued insulin sensitivity and the lifespan of Drosophila, but did not decrease fat storage. NF-M-NM-:B signalling made no contribution to the phenotype observed. These results identify an evolutionarily conserved M-bM-^@M-^Xscavenger receptor-JNK-Type 1 cytokineM-bM-^@M-^Y cassette in macrophages, which controls glucose metabolism and reduces lifespan in Drosophila maintained on a lipid-rich diet via activation of the JAK-STAT pathway Long-term consumption of fatty foods is associated with obesity, macrophage activation and inflammation, metabolic imbalance, and a reduced lifespan. We took advantage of Drosophila genetics to investigate the role of macrophages and the pathway(s) that govern their response to dietary stress. Flies fed a lipid-rich diet presented with increased fat storage, systemic JAK-STAT activation, reduced insulin sensitivity and hyperglycaemia, and a shorter lifespan. Drosophila macrophages scavenged lipids and produced the type 1 cytokine upd3, in a scavenger-receptor (croquemort) and JNK-dependent manner. Genetic depletion of macrophages, or macrophage-specific silencing of upd3 decreased JAK-STAT activation and rescued insulin sensitivity and the lifespan of Drosophila, but did not decrease fat storage. NF-M-NM-:B signalling made no contribution to the phenotype observed. These results identify an evolutionarily conserved M-bM-^@M-^Xscavenger receptor-JNK-Type 1 cytokineM-bM-^@M-^Y cassette in macrophages, which controls glucose metabolism and reduces lifespan in Drosophila maintained on a lipid-rich diet via activation of the JAK-STAT pathway 5 biological samples were FACS-sorted from different batches of Drosophila melanogaster males after 30 days on 15% lipid enriched diet (n=5) and control diet (n=5)

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Quorum sensing in CD4+ T cells homeostasis : IL-2 coordinates the interplay between IL-2p and regulatory T cells.

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