Transcriptome of the NWMN_0641 deletion mutant strain and the wild-type Staphylococcus aureus Newman strain
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus str. Newman
SUBMITTER: Lefu Lan
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-57260 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:To study the roles of NWMN_0641, we used microarray to compare the transcriptome of the NWMN_0641 deletion strain with that of the wild-type Staphylococcus aureus Newman strain. Transcriptome of the NWMN_0641 deletion mutant strain and the wild-type Newman strain
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2010-05-15 | E-GEOD-13138 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Membrane vesicles (MVs) are produced by species across all domains of life and have diverse physiological functions and promising applications. While the mechanisms for vesiculation in Gram-negative bacteria are well-established, the genetic determinant and regulation of MVs biogenesis in Gram-positive bacteria remain still largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that a Q225P substitution in the alternative sigma factor SigB greatly triggers MVs production in Staphylococcus aureus strain Newman by directly repressing expression of alkaline shock protein 23, wherein the Q225P mutation hinders the specific binding of SigB to the asp23 promoter. Isogenic deletion of asp23 consistently promotes MVs formation in Newman, highlighting the critical role of both sigB and asp23 in modulating S. aureus vesiculation. While bacterial growth and cytoplasmic membrane fluidity do not be impaired, mutation of asp23 elicits a weakened cell wall and enhanced autolysis that potentially involved in LrgAB-controlled hydrolases and PSMα-mediated activities, which ultimately leads to hypervesiculation in Newman. Furthermore, TEM and proteomic analysis suggest nearly identical morphology and composition, but virulence-associated factors are significantly enriched in MVs upon asp23 deletion. Overall, this study reveals novel genetic determinants and cues underlying S. aureus vesiculation, advancing the understanding of the physiology of MVs biogenesis in Gram-positive bacteria.
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Project description:The alternative sigma factor M-OM-^CB of Staphylococcus aureus is involved in the coordination of the general stress response, expression of virulence determinants and modulation of antibiotic resistance levels. It controls a large regulon, either directly by recognizing conserved M-OM-^CB promoter sequences, or indirectly via M-OM-^CB-dependent elements. The M-OM-^CB-controlled yabJ-spoVG operon encodes two such putative downstream elements. We report here transcriptome analysis in S. aureus Newman showing that inactivation of the yabJ-spoVG operon had primarily a repressing effect on a small subregulon comprising mainly virulence factors, including a nuclease (nuc), a protease (splE) and a lipase (lip).. As a consequence extracellular nuclease, protease and lipase activities were reduced in a yabJspoVG mutant. Trans-complementation by SpoVG was sufficient to restore their reduced phenotypic expression and lowered transcription due to yabJ-spoVG deletion. It did not restore, however, the changes triggered by M-OM-^CB inactivation, indicating that both regulons do only partially overlap, despite the M-OM-^CB dependency of the yabJ-spoVG expression. Thus, M-OM-^CB is likely to control additional, SpoVG-independent factors affecting the expression of numerous hydrolytic enzymes. SpoVG, on the other hand, seems to fine-tune the M-OM-^CB-dependent regulation of a subset of virulence factors by antagonizing the M-OM-^CB effect. Newman wild type strain compared to double mutant spoVG and yabJ or to sigB truncated mutant
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Project description:Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of bloodstream infections worldwide. In the United States, many of these infections are caused by a strain known as USA300. Although progress has been made, our understanding of the S. aureus molecules that promote bacteremia and survival in human blood is incomplete. To that end, we analyzed the USA300 transcriptome during culture in human blood, human serum, and trypticase soy broth (TSB), a standard laboratory culture media. Notably, genes encoding several cytolytic toxins were up-regulated in human blood over time, and hlgA, hlgB, and hlgC (encoding gamma-hemolysin subunits HlgA, HlgB, and HlgC) were among the most highly up-regulated genes at all time points. Culture supernatants derived from a USA300 isogenic hlgABC-deletion strain (LAC?hlgABC) had significantly reduced capacity to form pores in human neutrophils and ultimately cause neutrophil lysis. Compared with the wild-type USA300 strain (LAC), LAC?hlgABC had modestly reduced ability to cause mortality in a mouse bacteremia model. On the other hand, wild-type and LAC?hlgABC strains caused virtually identical disease in a mouse skin infection model, and bacterial survival and neutrophil lysis after phagocytosis in vitro was similar between these strains. Comparison of the cytolytic capacity of culture supernatants from wild-type and isogenic deletion strains lacking hlgABC, lukS/F-PV (encoding PVL), and/or lukDE revealed significant functional redundancy among two-component leukotoxins in vitro. These findings may explain in part the apparent limited contribution of any single two-component leukotoxin to USA300 immune evasion and virulence. S. aureus strain USA300 transcriptome during culture in human blood, human serum, and trypticase soy broth (TSB): time course.
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Project description:The SaeRS two-component regulatory system of Staphylococcus aureus is known to affect the expression of many genes. The SaeS protein is the histidine kinase responsible for phosphorylation of the response regulator SaeR. In S. aureus Newman, the sae system is constitutively expressed due to a point mutation in saeS, relative to other S. aureus strains, which results in substitution of proline for leucine at amino acid 18. Strain Newman is unable to form a robust biofilm and we report here that the biofilm-deficient phenotype is due to the saeSP allele. Replacement of the Newman saeSP with saeSL, or deletion of saeRS, resulted in a biofilm-proficient phenotype. Newman culture supernatants were observed to inhibit biofilm formation by other S. aureus strains, but did not affect biofilm formation by S. epidermidis. Culture supernatants of Newman saeSL or Newman ΔsaeRS had no significant effect on biofilm formation. The inhibitory factor was inactivated by incubation with proteinase K, but survived heating, indicating that the inhibitory protein is heat-stable. The inhibitory protein was found to affect the attachment step in biofilm formation, but had no effect on preformed biofilms. Replacement of saeSL with saeSP in the biofilm-proficient S. aureus USA300 FPR3757 resulted in the loss of biofilm formation. Culture supernatants of USA300 FPR3757 saeSP, did not inhibit biofilm formation by other staphylococci, suggesting that the inhibitory factor is produced but not secreted in the mutant strain. A number of biochemical methods were utilized to isolate the inhibitory protein. Although a number of candidate proteins were identified, none were found to be the actual inhibitor. In an effort to reduce the number of potential inhibitory genes, RNA-Seq analyses were done with wild-type strain Newman and the saeSL and ΔsaeRS mutants. RNA-Seq results indicated that sae regulates many genes that may affect biofilm formation by Newman.
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Project description:Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen which can cause a wide range of infections. To find new targets for diagnostics and treatment as well as understanding host-pathogen interactions, many studies have focused on the bacterial surface proteins. In the study presented here, bacterial cell surface-shaving, using Lipid-based Protein Immobilization (LPI), followed by tandem mass tag (TMT) protocols for performing relative quantitative mass spectrometry proteomics, was performed to examine the surface proteome (surfaceome) of selected strains of S. aureus. The study included analyses of surface protein-deficient mutants compared to the wildtype S. aureus strain Newman, as well strain isolates of different clinical associations. Quantitative proteomics were applied in the analysis of the surface proteome of Staphylococcus aureus. In study 1, the differential abundance of proteins in the mutant strains ΔClfA, ΔSrtAΔSrtB and ΔSpa was compared to those in the Newman parental strain. All together 7880 peptides were identified in Study 1 corresponding to 1290 proteins, and the results clearly showed that the mutant strains were deficient in the knocked-out genes. The Clinical strains study (Study 2) included the Newman strain, the reference strains LS-1 and SH1000 and three clinical isolates, two from invasive infections and one from mild skin infection. A total of 4949 peptides were identified in Study 2 corresponding to 919 proteins. For each strain, approximately 20 proteins showed higher or lower abundance (fold changes) when compared to the Newman strain. The results indicate that surface shaving of intact bacteria by LPI in combination with protocols for performing quantitative proteomics makes it possible to distinguish differences in protein abundance of the surfaceome, including virulence factors, between S. aureus strains.
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