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Palmitate-induced gene expression in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF)

ABSTRACT: DNA microarray analysis was performed to investigate the expression of genes in HGF stimulated with palmitate Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by decreased insulin sensitivity and higher concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs) in plasma. Among FFAs, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), such as palmitate, have been proposed to promote inflammatory responses. Although many epidemiological studies have shown a link between periodontitis and T2D, little is known about the clinical significance of SFAs in periodontitis. The goal of this study is to demonstrate a potential link between the pathogenesis of periodontitis and SFAs in plasma. HGF were treated with either with 0 (1% Bovine serum albumin) or 100 ÂµM Palmitate for 36 hours (n=2 each).

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Yosuke Shikama

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-62761 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Palmitate-induced gene expression in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF)

Project description:DNA microarray analysis was performed to investigate the expression of genes in HGF stimulated with palmitate Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by decreased insulin sensitivity and higher concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs) in plasma. Among FFAs, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), such as palmitate, have been proposed to promote inflammatory responses. Although many epidemiological studies have shown a link between periodontitis and T2D, little is known about the clinical significance of SFAs in periodontitis. The goal of this study is to demonstrate a potential link between the pathogenesis of periodontitis and SFAs in plasma.

2015-12-31 | GSE62761 | GEO

RNA-seq analyses of periodontal tissue and liver of periodontitis-affected mice

Project description:Background/purpose Periodontal diseases exacerbate hepatic inflammation and diseases like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via circulating pathogenic factors from periodontal tissue. Long-term pre-symptomatic state eventually leads to the development of such hepatic diseases. However, it is uncertain if periodontitis contributes in the onset of hepatic pre-symptomatic state. Herein, we conducted a hepatic whole transcription analysis of periodontitis-affected mice and healthy mice to understand the early functional changes in the hepatic system in periodontitis-affected mice. Materials and methods Silk ligatures were tied around mice second maxillary molars for 14 days to develop periodontitis. RNA-seq samples were collected from periodontal tissues and liver tissues of mice with periodontitis and healthy mice. Lipidomic analysis of hepatic omega-3 fatty acids in periodontitis-affected and healthy mice was conducted. The anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 fatty acids and their metabolites were elucidated using hepatocytes HepG2 cells. Results In the liver of mice with periodontitis, genes coding for cytochrome P450 such as Cyp4a12a and Cyp4a12b were identified as significantly down-regulated genes. Lipidomic analyses identified that epoxidation and subsequent hydrolysis of hepatic omega-3 fatty acids were inhibited in periodontitis-affected mice. Eicosapentaenoic acid metabolites, epoxy eicosatetraenoic acid and dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, inhibited inflammatory responses of HepG2 cells. Conclusion These results suggest that, in the liver of periodontitis-affected mice, due to the reduced activity of omega-3 fatty acid epoxidation, pre-symptomatic state with pro-inflammatory status develop. Therefore, early intervention of periodontitis might contribute to the prevention of the onset of hepatic diseases.

2024-05-03 | GSE264546 | GEO

RNA-sequencing identifies dysregulation of the human pancreatic islet transcriptome by the saturated fatty acid palmitate

Project description:Pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and death are central in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Saturated fatty acids cause beta-cell failure and contribute to diabetes development in genetically predisposed individuals. Here we used RNA-sequencing to map transcripts expressed in five palmitate-treated human islet preparations, observing 1,325 modified genes. Palmitate induced fatty acid metabolism and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Functional studies identified novel mediators of adaptive ER stress signaling. Palmitate modified genes regulating ubiquitin and proteasome function, autophagy and apoptosis. Inhibition of autophagic flux and lysosome function contributed to lipotoxicity. Palmitate inhibited transcription factors controlling beta-cell phenotype including PAX4 and GATA6. 59 type 2 diabetes candidate genes were expressed in human islets, and 11 were modified by palmitate. Palmitate modified expression of 17 splicing factors and shifted alternative splicing of 3,525 transcripts. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of modified transcripts and genes confirmed that top changed functions related to cell death. DAVID analysis of transcription binding sites in palmitate-modified transcripts revealed a role for PAX4, GATA and the ER stress response regulators XBP1 and ATF6. This human islet transcriptome study identified novel mechanisms of palmitate-induced beta-cell dysfunction and death. The data point to crosstalk between metabolic stress and candidate genes at the beta-cell level. 5 human islet of Langerhans preparations examined under 2 conditions (control and palmitate treatment)

2014-01-09 | E-GEOD-53949 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptional response of ovarian cancer cell lines to HGF and CDDP

Project description:HGF sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapeutics, e.g. cisplatin (CDDP), through a signaling cascade activated by its MET oncogene encoded receptor and transduced by the p38MAPK. This cascade results in the regulation of a common set of transcripts in three ovarian cancer cell lines, with different genetic profiles and susceptibility to drugs. In order to elucidate the mechanism of HGF dependent cell sensitization to drugs, the transcriptional response of the three ovarian cancer cell lines to HGF and CDDP were studied by microarray based transcription profiling

2013-12-31 | E-GEOD-24589 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expression data from differentiated 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes.

Project description:Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is the rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing the conversion of saturated fatty acids palmitate and stearate to monounsaturated fatty acids palmitoleate and oleate. During adipocyte differentiation, SCD expression increases concomitantly with several transcription factors and lipogenic genes. We used microarrays to examine gene expression in differentiated pre-adipocytes treated with and without an SCD inhibitor.

2014-04-04 | GSE51905 | GEO

Knockdown of the nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X-type motif Nudt19 increases fatty acid oxidation and ATP production in murine liver cells

Project description:Changes in intracellular CoA levels are known to contribute to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The underlying genetic basis for the development and progression of these complex disorders, however, is still poorly understood. Due to their diverse susceptibility towards metabolic diseases, mouse inbred strains have been proven to serve as powerful tools in the identification of novel genetic factors that are fundamental in the pathophysiology of diabetes and NAFLD. Transcriptome analysis revealed the nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X type motif Nudt19 as novel candidate gene responsible for NAFLD and T2D development. Knockdown (KD) of Nudt19 increased both mitochondrial and glycolytic ATP production rates in Hepa 1-6 cells. The enforced utilization of glutamine or fatty acids as energy substrate reduced uncoupled respiration in NT cells. This reduction was prevented upon knockdown of Nudt19. Furthermore, incubation with palmitate or oleate increased mitochondrial ATP production and uncoupled respiration in Nudt19 KD cells, but not in NT cells. The enhanced fatty acid oxidation in Nudt19 KD cells was accompanied by an increased abundance of Pdk4. This study describes for the first time Nudt19 as regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism and potential mediator of NAFLD and T2D development.

2022-04-11 | GSE186106 | GEO

Expression data from Human gingival fibroblast transfected with CEMP1

Project description:Cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) is involved in cell adhesion, cell differentiation, regulates the mineralization processes during cementogenesis, and selects progenitor cells from periodontal ligament. To determine the gene expression profiling induced by CEMP1 overexpression by non-osteogenic cells such as human gingival fibroblasts we performed microarrays (Human Gene 1.0 ST, Affymetrix) to identify differentially expressed transcripts (ED) between human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and those that overexpress CEMP1 (HGF/CEMP1). HGF cells overexpressing CEMP1 and controls were harvested at 3, 7 and 14 days after transfection of CEMP1, three biological replicates were analyzed for each time point and condition for a total of 18 microarrays.

2014-09-16 | E-GEOD-53929 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Free fatty acids and TNF-alpha in hepg2/c3a cell culture

Project description:free fatty acids(palmitate, oleate, linoleate) 0.7mM and tnf-alpha (0 20,100 ng/ml) were subjected to HepG2 cell line to study the cytotoxicity induced by these two factors Keywords: stress response

2006-08-04 | GSE5441 | GEO

HepG2 Cell: Control vs. HGF treated

Project description:Transcription profile of HepG2 cells treated with hepatocyte growth factor and control cells Two condition experiment, Hep G2 vs. Hep G2-HGF. Biological replicates: 1 control and 1 HGF-treated (no replication)

2012-02-23 | E-GEOD-35994 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expression profiling in HGF (Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis) patients

Project description:To identify dysregulated genes in HGF (Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis) patients, expression profiling was performed using Affymetrix Human Genome U133 plus 2.0 arrays. Total RNA was extracted from gingival tissue specimens excised from two non-syndromic HGF patients, siblings in one family, and three normal controls. Quantity and integrity of the total RNA was measured and assessed by Nanodrop spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and agarose gel electrophoresis. In brief, cDNA preparation, cRNA labeling, hybridization to Affymetrix Human Genome U133 plus 2.0 arrays, and chip scanning were performed in accordance with the manufacturer’s protocol (Affymetrix). *.CEL data from the raw chip scans were imported into the Partek GS 6.5 and normalized by RMA normalization algorithms. Comparisons between the HGF and control group were performed with one-way ANOVA (p≤0.05).

2019-12-31 | E-MTAB-7801 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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