Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

Dataset Information

Transcription profiling of chicken male and female embryonic livers (arnol-affy-chick-445002)

ABSTRACT: The study is relevant to an understanding of the forces that lead to sex differences in the brain. Many neural and psychiatric diseases affect men and women differently, so the understanding of sex differences in brain function impacts on our understanding of why the male and female brain differ in their susceptibility to disease. Using Affymetrix chicken arrays, we will measure the gene expression in male and female embryonic chicken liver to compare with previous studies of brain. Gene expression differs in the male and female embryonic chicken liver. Z-linked genes are expressed higher in males than females, in a manner similar to Z-linked genes in the brain. The comparison of brain and liver will demonstrate which sex differences are specific to brain and which are general. 20 male and 20 female chicken embryos will serve as source of brain tissue. In late stage embryos, we will remove the liver and extract total RNA. Four birds will comprise each individual sample. Thus, we will have 5 biologically independent male samples, and an equal number of female samples.

ORGANISM(S): Gallus gallus

SUBMITTER: Elizabeth Salomon

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-6856 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Dosage compensation is less effective in birds than in mammals.

Itoh Yuichiro Y Melamed Esther E Yang Xia X Kampf Kathy K Wang Susanna S Yehya Nadir N Van Nas Atila A Replogle Kirstin K Band Mark R MR Clayton David F DF Schadt Eric E EE Lusis Aldons J AJ Arnold Arthur P AP

Journal of biology 20070101 1

<h4>Background</h4>In animals with heteromorphic sex chromosomes, dosage compensation of sex-chromosome genes is thought to be critical for species survival. Diverse molecular mechanisms have evolved to effectively balance the expressed dose of X-linked genes between XX and XY animals, and to balance expression of X and autosomal genes. Dosage compensation is not understood in birds, in which females (ZW) and males (ZZ) differ in the number of Z chromosomes.<h4>Results</h4>Using microarray analy ...[more]

PMID: 17352797

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Project description:A series of two color gene expression profiles obtained using Agilent 44K expression microarrays was used to examine sex-dependent and growth hormone-dependent differences in gene expression in rat liver. This series is comprised of pools of RNA prepared from untreated male and female rat liver, hypophysectomized (‘Hypox’) male and female rat liver, and from livers of Hypox male rats treated with either a single injection of growth hormone and then killed 30, 60, or 90 min later, or from livers of Hypox male rats treated with two growth hormone injections spaced 3 or 4 hr apart and killed 30 min after the second injection. The pools were paired to generate the following 6 direct microarray comparisons: 1) untreated male liver vs. untreated female liver; 2) Hypox male liver vs. untreated male liver; 3) Hypox female liver vs. untreated female liver; 4) Hypox male liver vs. Hypox female liver; 5) Hypox male liver + 1 growth hormone injection vs. Hypox male liver; and 6) Hypox male liver + 2 growth hormone injections vs. Hypox male liver. A comparison of untreated male liver and untreated female liver liver gene expression profiles showed that of the genes that showed significant expression differences in at least one of the 6 data sets, 25% were sex-specific. Moreover, sex specificity was lost for 88% of the male-specific genes and 94% of the female-specific genes following hypophysectomy. 25-31% of the sex-specific genes whose expression is altered by hypophysectomy responded to short-term growth hormone treatment in hypox male liver. 18-19% of the sex-specific genes whose expression decreased following hypophysectomy were up-regulated after either one or two growth hormone injections. Finally, growth hormone suppressed 24-36% of the sex-specific genes whose expression was up-regulated following hypophysectomy, indicating that growth hormone acts via both positive and negative regulatory mechanisms to establish and maintain the sex specificity of liver gene expression. For full details, see V. Wauthier and D.J. Waxman, Molecular Endocrinology (2008)

Dataset Information

Transcription profiling of chicken male and female embryonic livers (arnol-affy-chick-445002)

Publications

Dosage compensation is less effective in birds than in mammals.

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