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Epigenome-wide and Transcriptome-wide Analyses Reveal Gestational Diabetes is Associated with Alterations in the Human Leukocyte Antigen Complex [methylation]

ABSTRACT: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects approximately 18% of pregnancies in the United States and increases the risk of adverse health outcomes in the offspring. These adult disease propensities may be set by anatomical and molecular alterations in the placenta associated with GDM. To assess the mechanistic aspects of fetal programming, we measured genome-wide methylation (Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchips) and expression (Affymetrix Transcriptome Microarrays) in placental tissue of 41 GDM cases and 41 matched pregnancies without maternal complications from the Harvard Epigenetic Birth Cohort. Specific transcriptional and epigenetic perturbations associated with GDM status included alterations in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region, which were validated in an independent cohort, the Rhode Island Child Health Study. Gene ontology enrichment among gene regulation influenced by GDM revealed an over-representation of immune response pathways among differential expression, reflecting these coordinated changes in the MHC region. Our study represents the largest investigation of transcriptomic and methylomic differences associated with GDM, providing comprehensive insight into the molecular basis of GDM induced fetal (re)programming. Bisulphite converted DNA extracted from the placentas (maternal-side) of 41 clinically-confirmed cases of GDM and 41 pregnancies without maternal complications were hybridised to the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchips

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Alexandra Binder

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-70453 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Epigenome-wide and Transcriptome-wide Analyses Reveal Gestational Diabetes is Associated with Alterations in the Human Leukocyte Antigen Complex [gene expression]

Project description:Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects approximately 18% of pregnancies in the United States and increases the risk of adverse health outcomes in the offspring. These adult disease propensities may be set by anatomical and molecular alterations in the placenta associated with GDM. To assess the mechanistic aspects of fetal programming, we measured genome-wide methylation (Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchips) and expression (Affymetrix Transcriptome Microarrays) in placental tissue of 41 GDM cases and 41 matched pregnancies without maternal complications from the Harvard Epigenetic Birth Cohort. Specific transcriptional and epigenetic perturbations associated with GDM status included alterations in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region, which were validated in an independent cohort, the Rhode Island Child Health Study. Gene ontology enrichment among gene regulation influenced by GDM revealed an over-representation of immune response pathways among differential expression, reflecting these coordinated changes in the MHC region. Our study represents the largest investigation of transcriptomic and methylomic differences associated with GDM, providing comprehensive insight into the molecular basis of GDM induced fetal (re)programming. RNA extracted from the placentas (maternal-side) of 30 clinically-confirmed cases of GDM and 25 pregnancies without maternal complications was hybridised to the GeneChip® Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 (Affymetrix). Four samples were run in triplicate.

2015-08-03 | E-GEOD-70493 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Epigenome-wide and Transcriptome-wide Analyses Reveal Gestational Diabetes is Associated with Alterations in the Human Leukocyte Antigen Complex [gene expression]

2015-08-03 | GSE70493 | GEO

Epigenome-wide and Transcriptome-wide Analyses Reveal Gestational Diabetes is Associated with Alterations in the Human Leukocyte Antigen Complex [methylation]

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Epigenetic signatures of gestational diabetes mellitus on ATP5A1, PRKCH, SLC17A4 and HIF3A cord blood methylation

Project description:Background: Intrauterine exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) confers a lifelong increased risk for metabolic and other complex disorders to the offspring. GDM-induced epigenetic modifications modulating gene regulation and persisting into later life are generally assumed to mediate these increased disease risks. To identify candidate genes for fetal programming, we compared genome-wide methylation patterns of fetal cord bloods (FCBs) from GDM and control pregnancies. Methods and Results: Using Illumina's 450K methylation arrays and following correction for multiple testing, 65 CpG sites (52 of which are associated with genes) displayed significant methylation differences between GDM and control samples. Three of four candidate genes, ATP5A1, PRKCH, and SLC17A4, from our methylation screen and one, HIF3A, from the literature were validated by bisulfite pyrosequencing. The GDM effect on FCB methylation was more pronounced in women with insulin-dependent GDM who had a more severe metabolic phenotype than women with dietetically treated GDM. However, the effect remained significant after adjustment for the maternal BMI and gestational week in a multivariate regression model. Conclusions: Our study supports an association between maternal GDM and the epigenetic status of the exposed offspring. Consistent with a multifactorial disease model, the observed FCB methylation changes are of small effect size but affect multiple genes/loci. The identified genes are primary candidates for transmitting GDM effects to the next generation. They also may provide useful biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of adverse prenatal exposures and assessing the success of interventions during pregnancy.

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Effect of O-GlcNAc Transferase (OGT) siRNA in trophoblastic BeWo cells

Project description:Every year, about 18 million babies are born from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). While diabetic symptoms usually resolve after delivery, lasting complications can occur for both mother and child, including fetal overgrowth, type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular diseases, and obesity. The rapid progression of GDM is unique to pregnancies, and likely arises from placental dysfunction. Indeed, stress, nutrition and fetal gender are thought to trigger changes in placental endocrine function, including metabolic hormones and inflammatory cytokines, potentially causing GDM. Nutrient-sensing O-GlcNAcylation and its enzyme O-GlcNAc Transferase (OGT, X-linked) has been previously identified as a placental biomarker of maternal stress particularly deleterious for male offspring. Thus, we wondered whether O-GlcNAcylation participate in GDM development in a sex-dependent manner. After demonstrating that OGT is largely downregulated in male GDM compared to healthy placentas, we knocked down OGT in male trophoblastic cells. We observed changes in placental hormones, cytokines and nutrient-sensing pathways, correlating with previously demonstrated disruption in GDM placentas. Altogether, this study demonstrates that OGT and O-GlcNAcylation are partly responsible for changes observed in GDM placenta and might be the cause of sexual dimorphism observed in this pathology.

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