Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

Dataset Information

Disributions of RpoC SigA NusA and GreA in Bacillus subtilis

ABSTRACT: Bacterial Gre factors associate with RNA polymerase (RNAP) and stimulate intrinsic cleavage of the nascent transcript at the active site of RNAP. Biochemical and genetic studies to date have shown that E. coli Gre factors prevent transcriptional arrest during elongation and enhance transcription fidelity. Furthermore, Gre factors participate in stimulation of promoter escape and suppression of promoter-proximal pausing during beginning of RNA synthesis in E. coli. Although Gre factors are conserved in general bacteria, limited functional studies have been performed in bacteria other than E. coli. In this investigation, ChAP-chip analysis was conducted to visualize the distribution of B. subtilis GreA on the chromosome and determine the effects of GreA inactivation on core RNAP trafficking. Our data show that GreA is uniformly distributed in the transcribed region from the promoter to coding region with core RNAP, and its inactivation induces RNAP accumulation at many promoter or promoter-proximal regions. Based on these findings, we propose that GreA would constantly associate with core RNAP during transcriptional initiation and elongation, and resolves its stalling at promoter or promoter-proximal regions, thus contributing to the even distribution of RNAP along the promoter and coding regions in B. subtilis cells.

ORGANISM(S): Bacillus subtilis

SUBMITTER: Taku Oshima

PROVIDER: E-MEXP-3056 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Transcription factor GreA contributes to resolving promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase in Bacillus subtilis cells.

Kusuya Yoko Y Kurokawa Ken K Ishikawa Shu S Ogasawara Naotake N Oshima Taku T

Journal of bacteriology 20110422 12

Bacterial Gre factors associate with RNA polymerase (RNAP) and stimulate intrinsic cleavage of the nascent transcript at the active site of RNAP. Biochemical and genetic studies to date have shown that Escherichia coli Gre factors prevent transcriptional arrest during elongation and enhance transcription fidelity. Furthermore, Gre factors participate in the stimulation of promoter escape and the suppression of promoter-proximal pausing during the beginning of RNA synthesis in E. coli. Although G ...[more]

PMID: 21515770

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Project description:We developed native elongating transcript sequencing (NET-seq, Churchman and Weissman Nature 2011, PMID: 21248844) combined with RNase footprinting of nascent transcripts (RNET-seq) to visualize translocation dynamics and nascent transcript errors in paused RNA polymerases in E. coli. We employed RNET-seq to the wild-type (WT) E. coli strain and to an isogenic strain deficient in genes for GreA and GreB (ΔgreAB). Gre factors and their eukaryotic analog TFIIS rescue backtracked complexes of RNAP. Briefly, the cells were rapidly lysed via spheroplasting, and the transcribing RNAPs were released from the genomic DNA by digestion with DNase I. Any ribosomes involved in co-transcriptional translation were separated from RNAP by digestion with RNase A. All RNAPs including those associated with the fragmented double-stranded DNAs and their 5’-truncated nascent RNAs were immobilized on Ni2+-NTA beads through the hexa-histidine-tagged β’ subunit and then extensively washed with a high-salt buffer. The 5’ ends of the transcripts in ECs were trimmed with RNase T1/V1 to leave a minimal length of RNA protected by RNAP. The RNases were subsequently removed by further washing of the beads. Elution with imidazole generated ECs carrying ~6-30 nt long transcripts. The nascent RNAs isolated from the ΔgreAB strain were longer than those from the WT strain and peaked at 18 nt versus 16 nt suggesting an enrichment of backtracked ECs, which is expected to occur in the absence of Gre-dependent 3’ RNA cleavage. The RNET-seq method involves trimming of excess nascent RNA from the 5’ ends leaving only the nascent RNA that is protected by RNAP. A previous in vitro study showed that an RNAP forming an EC protects different lengths of the 3’-proximal transcript from trimming by RNases A and T1 depending on the EC translocation state. Post-translocated, pre-translocated, and backtracked complexes protect 14-nt, 15-nt and >15-nt segments of the RNA, respectively. Because the very 3’ end of the RNA is extruded to a narrow pore within front of the enzyme during backtracking, the extruded RNA remains inaccessible to RNases increasing in length as backtracking increases. Thus, paused RNAP in either the pre- and post-translocated states as well as in different backtracked distances were monitored over the entire genome. The unique properties of our RNET-seq approach provided an opportunity to dissect the core mechanisms of different types of pausing in living cells.

Dataset Information

Disributions of RpoC SigA NusA and GreA in Bacillus subtilis

Publications

Transcription factor GreA contributes to resolving promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase in Bacillus subtilis cells.

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