Fetal liver programming induced by placental endocrine malfunction
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina HiSeq 4000
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
SUBMITTER: Russell Hamilton
PROVIDER: E-MTAB-11457 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Similar Datasets
Project description:The placenta is a potent endocrine organ that secretes hormones with metabolic effects into maternal circulation. On the other hand, the liver, which is the main detoxification organ of the body, plays a key role in regulating maternal glucose and insulin metabolism during pregnancy. Failures in the production of placental hormones and/or the liver to adapt its structure and function to pregnancy can result in metabolic diseases such as gestational diabetes. Previous work has shown that the imprinted Igf2-H19 locus is involved in controlling placental endocrine function in mice. This study used conditional mis-expression of the Igf2-H19 locus to induce placental endocrine malfunction and study its consequences on hepatic gene regulation during pregnancy.
2024-11-27 | E-MTAB-11439 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Fetal liver programming induced by placental endocrine malfunction
| PRJEB51067 | ENA
Project description:The placenta regulates maternal-fetal communication, and its defect leads to significant pregnancy complications. The maternal and embryonic circulations are primitively connected in early placentation, but the function of the placenta during this developmentally essential period is relatively unknown. We thus performed a comparative proteomic analysis of the placenta before and after primary placentation and found that the metabolism and transport of lipids were characteristically activated in this period. The placental fatty acid (FA) carriers in specific placental compartments were upregulated according to gestational age, and metabolomic analysis also showed that the placental transport of FAs increased in a time-dependent manner. Further analysis of two mutant mice models with embryonic lethality revealed that lipid-related signatures could reflect the functional state of the placenta. Our findings highlight the importance of the nutrient transport function of the primary placenta in the early gestational period and the role of lipids in embryonic development.
2023-09-06 | PXD026858 | Pride
Project description:<p>Exposure to diabetes in utero is known to increase the offspring's likelihood of developing metabolic disease in adulthood, but the mechanisms involved are unknown. It has been proposed that early exposure to hyperglycemia and elevated insulin levels may lead to malprogramming of the fetus leading to the subsequent development of diabetes and obesity. Epigenetic modifications of the genome including DNA methylation, provide a plausible mechanism that allows for permanent propagation of gene activity states from one generation of cells to the next. </p> <p>The placenta, a fetal tissue easily accessible for study, is a complex organ that is essential in regulating fetal growth. The changes in placental nutrient transport associated with diabetes during pregnancy (DDP) have significant effects on the developing fetus, indicating that the placenta plays a critical role in fetal programming. The aim of our study was to investigate whether exposure to DDP alters genome-wide DNA methylation in the placenta obtained from term pregnancies resulting in differentially methylated loci of metabolically relevant genes and downstream changes in RNA and protein expression.</p>
| phs001535 | dbGaP
Project description:Firemaster® 550 (FM 550) is a flame retardant (FR) mixture that has become one of the most commonly used FRs in foam-based furniture and baby products. Human exposure to this commercial mixture, comprised of brominated and organophosphate components, is widespread. We have repeatedly shown that developmental exposure can lead to sex-specific behavioral effects in rats. Accruing evidence of endocrine disruption and potential neurotoxicity have raised concerns regarding the neurodevelopmental effects of FM 550 exposure, but the specific mechanisms of action remains unclear. Additionally, we observed significant, and in some cases sex-specific, accumulation of FM 550 in placental tissue following gestational exposure. Because the placenta is an important source of hormones and neurotransmitters for the developing brain, it may be a critical target of toxicity to consider in the context of developmental neurotoxicity. Using a mixture of targeted and exploratory approaches, the goal of the present study was to identify possible mechanisms of action in the developing forebrain and placenta. Wistar rat dams were orally exposed to FM 550 (0, 300, or 1,000 µg/day;) for 10 days during gestation and placenta and fetal forebrain tissue collected for analysis. In placenta, evidence of endocrine, inflammatory, and neurotransmitter signaling pathway disruption was identified. Notably, 5-HT turnover was reduced in placental tissue and fetal forebrains indicating that 5-HT signaling between the placenta and the embryonic brain may be disrupted. These findings demonstrate that environmental contaminants, like FM 550, have the potential to impact the developing brain by disrupting normal placental functions.
2018-02-28 | GSE108965 | GEO
Project description:Protein deficiency and intestinal parasite infection during pregnancy impair fetal growth through passage of signals from the maternal environment which signal impairment of fetal growth. The placenta is an important regulator of the transfer of these signals through differential expression of key placental genes. We used microarrays to examine placental gene expression responses to maternal protein deficiency (6% vs. 24% protein) and Heligmosomoides bakeri infection. 2x2 factorial.
2015-09-09 | E-GEOD-57115 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Myostatin (gene symbol: <i>Mstn</i>) is an autocrine and paracrine inhibitor of muscle growth. Pregnant mice with genetically reduced levels of myostatin give birth to offspring with greater adult muscle mass and bone biomechanical strength. However, maternal myostatin is not detectable in fetal circulations. Fetal growth is dependent on the maternal environment, and the provisioning of nutrients and growth factors by the placenta. Thus, this study examined the effect of reduced maternal myostatin on maternal and fetal serum metabolomes, as well as the placental metabolome. Fetal and maternal serum metabolomes were highly distinct, which is consistent with the role of the placenta in creating a specific fetal nutrient environment. There was no effect from myostatin on maternal glucose tolerance or fasting insulin. In comparisons between pregnant control and <i>Mstn</i><sup>+/-</sup> mice, there were more significantly different metabolite concentrations in fetal serum, at 50, than in the mother's serum at 33, confirming the effect of maternal myostatin reduction on the fetal metabolic milieu. Polyamines, lysophospholipids, fatty acid oxidation, and vitamin C, in fetal serum, were all affected by maternal myostatin reduction.
2023-06-08 | MTBLS3345 | MetaboLights
Project description:Context: An increase in maternal insulin resistance (IR) during pregnancy is essential for normal fetal growth. The mechanisms underlying this metabolic adaptation to pregnancy are poorly understood. Placenta factors are believed to instigate and maintain these metabolic changes, as IR decreases shortly after delivery. Methylation of placental gene loci that are common targets for miRNAs, are associated with maternal IR. Objective: We hypothesized that placental miRNAs targeting methylated loci are associated with maternal IR during late pregnancy. Methods: Placental miRNA expression was measured via small RNA-sequencing in a subset of 40 placentas selected by maternal pre-gravid BMI and neonatal adiposity. Results: Median maternal age was 27.5 years, with a median pre-pregnancy BMI of 24.7 kg/m2, and median HOMA-IR of 2.9. Among the five selected miRNA, near delivery maternal HOMA-IR correlated with the placental expression of miRNA-371b-3p (r=0.25; p=0.008) and miRNA-3940-3p (r=0.32; p=0.0004) across the 132 individuals. After adjustment for confounding variables, placental miRNA-3940-3p expression remained significantly associated with HOMA-IR (β=0.16; p=0.03). Conclusion: Placental miRNA may have an autocrine or paracrine effect - regulating placental genes which play a role in modulating maternal IR.
2023-03-01 | GSE169523 | GEO
Project description:Activation of the maternal immune system during pregnancy can fetal development, which can lead to postnatal susceptibility to a wide range of diseases, including cardiovascular, metabolic and psychiatric disorders. During maternal immune activation (MIA), the maternal body must balance its ressources between mounting an immune response and investing resources into continued metabolism and growth : both essential for survival of the fetus and a successful pregnancy. How the placenta responds to MIA over time and how it can protect the fetus is not well understood, and neither are the fetal consequences of MIA. Here, we characterised the response to an induced acute inflammation in maternal lungs over time across maternal and fetal organs, using a combination of omics-methods, imaging and integrative computational analysis. We found that the placenta, unlike other maternal organs, did not react by inducing a typical inflammatory response, but instead initially induced genes associated to strengthen tissue integrity and simultaneously reduced growth to prevent exposure to potential infections. Afterwards, a return to homeostasis was observed, with heightened biosynthesis and expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress genes. This mechanism likely protects the fetus from inflammation, as we observed no immune response in the fetal liver transcriptome. Instead, we observed metabolic adaptations in the fetus, including a release of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) Notably, DHA has a crucial function for fetal brain development , and levels of triglyceride and phosphatidylcholine lipids that are necessary for transportation of DHA to the brain were also increased. This metabolic response is likely a combination of the placental MIA response and temporary maternal fasting, caused by MIA-induced fever and lack of nutrient intake. Our study shows, for the first time, the temporal and systemic response to MIA in lungs across maternal and fetal organs.
2024-06-13 | PXD039402 | Pride
Project description:There is a growing need to understand the potential neurotoxicity of organophosphate ester flame retardants (OPFRs) and plasticizers because use and, consequently, human exposure, is rapidly expanding. We have previously shown in rats that developmental exposure to the commercial FR mixture Firemaster® 550 (FM 550), which contains OPFRs, results in sex-specific behavioral effects, and identified the placenta as a potential target of toxicity. The placenta is a critical coordinator of fetal growth and neurodevelopment, and a source of neurotransmitters (NTs) for the developing brain. We have shown in rats and humans that FRs accumulate in placental tissue, and induce functional changes, including altered neurotransmitter (NT) production. Here we sought to establish if OPFRs (triphenyl phosphate, TPHP, and a mixture of isopropylated triarylphosphate isomers, ITPs) alter placental function and fetal forebrain development, with disruption of tryptophan (Trp) metabolism as a primary pathway of interest. Wistar rat dams were orally exposed to OPFRs (0, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 μg/day) or a serotonin (5-HT) agonist (5-MT) for 14 days during gestation and placenta and fetal forebrain tissues collected for analysis by transcriptomics and metabolomics. Relative abundance of genes responsible for the transport and synthesis of placental 5-HT were disrupted, and multiple neuroactive metabolites in the 5-HT and kynurenine (Kyn) metabolic pathways were upregulated. Additionally, 5-HTergic projections were significantly longer in the fetal forebrains of exposed males. These findings suggest that OPFRs have the potential to impact the 5-HTergic system in the fetal forebrain by disrupting placental Trp metabolism.
2020-04-08 | GSE148266 | GEO