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Genome-wide identification and DNA methylation of human full-length LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposons in HCT116 cells treated with 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine.

ABSTRACT: We used bs-ATLAS-seq to comprehensively map the genomic location and assess the DNA methylation status of human full-length LINE-1 elements (L1). The approach is focused on the youngest family (L1HS), but it also catches a significant fraction of L1PA2 to L1PA8 elements. This was performed in HCT116 cells treated by the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (5-aza) or in mock-treated cells (DMSO).

INSTRUMENT(S): NextSeq 500

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Gael Cristofari

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-12240 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Genome-wide identification and DNA methylation of human full-length LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposons in a panel of normal and cancer cell lines.

Project description:We used bs-ATLAS-seq to comprehensively map the genomic location and assess the DNA methylation status of human full-length LINE-1 elements (L1). The approach is focused on the youngest family (L1HS), but it also catches a significant fraction of L1PA2 to L1PA8 elements. This was performed in a panel of 12 human primary or transformed cell lines (BJ, IMR90, MRC5, H1, K562, HCT116, HeLa S3, HepG2, MCF7, HEK-293, HEK-293T, 2102Ep).

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Genes activated by 5-aza-dC (DAC) in pancreatic (KPC-Brca1) cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)

Project description:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignancy that resists current treatments. To test epigenetic therapy against this cancer we used the DNA demethylating drug 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (DAC) in a KrasLSL-G12D; p53LSL-R270H/+; Pdx1-cre; Brca1flex2/flex2 (KPC-Brca1) mouse model of aggressive stroma-rich PDAC. In untreated tumors, we found globally decreased 5-methyl-cytosine (5mC) in malignant epithelial cells and in cancer-associated myofibroblasts (CAFs), and increased amounts of 5-hydroxymethyl-cytosine (5HmC) in CAFs, in progression from pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) to PDAC. DAC further reduced DNA methylation and slowed PDAC progression, markedly extending survival in an early treatment protocol and significantly though transiently inhibiting tumor growth when initiated later, without adverse side effects. Escaping tumors contained areas of sarcomatoid transformation with disappearance of CAFs. Mixing-allografting experiments and proliferation indices showed that DAC efficacy was due to inhibition of both the malignant epithelial cells and the stromal CAFs. Expression profiling and immunohistochemistry highlighted DAC-induction of STAT1 in the tumors, and DAC plus gamma-interferon produced an additive anti-proliferative effect on PDAC cells. DAC induced strong expression of the testis antigen DAZL in CAFs. These data show that DAC is effective against PDAC in vivo and provide a rationale for future studies combining hypomethylating agents with cytokines and immunotherapy. Treatment of a short-term explant culture of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from a KPC-Brca1 mouse pancreatic carcinoma, with 2 micromolar 5-aza-dC (decitabine; DAC) for 48 hours. The experiment includes 3 replicate plates untreated and 3 replicates treated.

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