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RNASeq: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor governs a transcriptional programme that determines regulatory B cell differentiation and function

ABSTRACT: Regulatory B cells (Breg) play a critical role in the control of autoimmunity and inflammation. Although IL-10 is considered the hallmark for the identification of Bregs, the molecular programme that controls IL-10 production in Bregs is yet to be defined. Here, we demonstrate that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) controls the differentiation and function of IL-10-producing Bregs. Deficiency of AhR-expressing B cells drastically reduces IL-10 production by B cells. This leads to the unrestrained differentiation of T helper (Th)17 cells and a significant reduction in the percentage of regulatory T cells (Treg), which increases the severity of experimental arthritis when compared to control animals with AhR-sufficient B cells. A combination of chromatin-landscape profiling by ATAC-seq and transcriptome analyses by RNA-seq demonstrated that a loss of AhR expression in B cells not only reduces IL-10 expression by Bregs, defined as CD21hiCD24hi B cells, but also promotes a pro-inflammatory programme in CD21hiCD24hi B cells, even under Breg inducing conditions. Thus, AhR acts as a master transcriptional regulator of Breg differentiation by implementing a molecular programme that controls IL-10 production and represses pro-inflammatory cytokine production.

INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina HiSeq 2500

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Ignat Drozdov

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-7345 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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ATAC-seq: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor governs a transcriptional programme that determines regulatory B cell differentiation and function

Project description:Regulatory B cells (Breg) play a critical role in the control of autoimmunity and inflammation. Although IL-10 is considered the hallmark for the identification of Bregs, the molecular programme that controls IL-10 production in Bregs is yet to be defined. Here, we demonstrate that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) controls the differentiation and function of IL-10-producing Bregs. Deficiency of AhR-expressing B cells drastically reduces IL-10 production by B cells. This leads to the unrestrained differentiation of T helper (Th)17 cells and a significant reduction in the percentage of regulatory T cells (Treg), which increases the severity of experimental arthritis when compared to control animals with AhR-sufficient B cells. A combination of chromatin-landscape profiling by ATAC-seq and transcriptome analyses by RNA-seq demonstrated that a loss of AhR expression in B cells not only reduces IL-10 expression by Bregs, defined as CD21hiCD24hi B cells, but also promotes a pro-inflammatory programme in CD21hiCD24hi B cells, even under Breg inducing conditions. Thus, AhR acts as a master transcriptional regulator of Breg differentiation by implementing a molecular programme that controls IL-10 production and represses pro-inflammatory cytokine production.

2019-10-15 | E-MTAB-7525 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the heterogeneity of IL-10 producing regulatory B cells in lupus-prone mice

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CD1d-dependent immune suppression mediated by regulatory B cells through modulations of iNKT cells

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2018-01-25 | E-MTAB-6381 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A regulatory CD9+ B cell subset controls HDM-induced allergic airway inflammation

Project description:Background: A specific subset of regulatory IL-10 producing B cells has been extensively studied in autoimmune and inflammatory pathologies. These cells are able to constrain exacerbated inflammation by inhibiting T cell mediated responses and maturation of antigen presenting cells. In allergic diseases, observations that increase of regulatory B cells is necessary for allergen tolerance suggest that development of allergic asthma would be associated with a defect in the regulatory B cells compartment. Objective: We sought to (i) characterize regulatory IL-10+ regulatory B cell subset in Balb/c mice by microarray and flow cytometry and (ii) investigate their regulatory capacity in vivo in a house dust mite model of allergic asthma. Results: We identified an IL-10 producing B cells subset able to control T cell proliferation in vitro in both control and asthmatic mice. This subset is decreased in allergic mice. IL-10+ Breg cells express high levels of CD9 and upregulate CD70 and CD73 after activation. Expression of CD9 allows identifying more than 50% of Bregs. Interestingly CD9+ B cells inhibit TH2-TH17 allergic airway inflammation in vivo after adoptive transfer in an IL-10 dependent manner. Conclusions: Herein, we demonstrate that induction of allergic asthma dampens the generation of Bregs contributing to exacerbated airway inflammation. We identified a distinct CD9+ Breg-cell population decreased in lung of HDM mice and able to control asthma and allergic airway inflammation by producing IL-10 after adoptive transfer. This study points B cells as an interesting therapeutic target in allergic asthma. IL-10+ B cells (n=3) and 3 IL-10- B cells (n=3) in control mice + IL-10+ B cells (n=3) and 3 IL-10- B cells (n=3) from asthmatic allergic (HDM) mice

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Schistosoma mansoni egg-derived thioredoxin and Sm14 drive the development of IL-10 producing regulatory B cells

Project description:During chronic schistosome infections, a complex regulatory network is induced to regulate the host immune system, in which IL-10-producing regulatory B (Breg) cells play a significant role. Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigens (SEA) are bound and internalized by B cells and induce both human and mouse IL-10 producing Breg cells. To identify Breg-inducing proteins in SEA, we fractionated SEA by size exclusion chromatography and found 6 active fractions (out of 18) in the high, medium and low MW range. The high MW fractions were rich in heavily glycosylated molecules, including multi-fucosylated proteins. Using SEA glycoproteins purified by affinity chromatography and synthetic glycans coupled to gold nanoparticles, we investigated the role of these glycan structures in inducing IL-10 production by B cells. Then, we performed proteomics analysis on active low MW fractions and identified a number of proteins with putative immunomodulatory properties, notably thioredoxin (SmTrx1) and the fatty acid binding protein Sm14. Subsequent splenic murine B cell stimulations with recombinant SmTrx1 and Sm14 showed their ability to dose-dependently induce IL-10 production and FoxP3 Treg cell priming by B cells. Identification of unique Breg cells-inducing molecules may pave the way to innovative therapeutic strategies for inflammatory and auto-immune diseases.

2023-10-24 | PXD031333 | Pride

A regulatory CD9+ B cell subset controls HDM-induced allergic airway inflammation

2015-03-01 | GSE57772 | GEO

Single Cell RNA Sequencing of Breg-CpG cells and Breg-TLR cells

Project description:single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed to delineate the phenotype of Bregs-TLR and Bregs-CpG cells and potentially identify gene signatures characteristic of each Breg subset.

2022-09-29 | GSE208527 | GEO

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity downstream of IL-10 signaling is required to promote regulatory functions in human dendritic cells [ATAC_in_vitro_DC10_iDC_DC10CH]

Project description:Peripheral immune tolerance is a key physiological mechanism sustained by the activity of regulatory cells that impedes immune reaction to self and non-dangerous antigens. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) plays a key immunosuppressive role in this system by inhibiting effector cells and instructing regulatory cells. While the molecular mechanisms and gene expression patterns defining identity and function of T regulatory cells have been deeply studied, the molecular pattern driving tolerogenicity in myeloid antigen presenting cells remain less defined. We have investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying IL-10 tolerogenic activity in human myeloid cells. By performing chromatin and transcriptomic studies in IL-10-induced monocyte-derived DC, we have found that IL-10 imprinted a pattern of accessible enhancers, which were exploited by Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) to promote the expression of a set of core genes. Functional studies demonstrated that AHR activation and core gene expression were necessary for IL-10-mediated induction of tolerogenic functions in in vitro differentiated DC. AHR exerted its role down-stream to IL-10 inducing tolerogenic and repressing inflammatory genes. Analyses of naturally occurring tolerogenic DC from peripheral blood showed that the IL-10-induced AHR module was active also in vivo in healthy conditions. In multiple sclerosis patients, instead, we observed significant alterations in the IL-10-induced AHR module that correlated with functional defects and reduced frequencies of in vitro differentiated and in vivo occurring IL-10-induced tolerogenic DC, respectively. This study unveiled a previously undescribed IL-10-induced molecular mechanism required for establishing tolerogenic functions in human myeloid cells.

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