Project description:Notch signaling is critical for vascular morphogenesis by co-determining the sprouting behavior of endothelial cells. Here, we investigate the function of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 10 (USP10) in regulation of the turnover of the NOTCH1 intracellular domain. HUVEC were transfected with scrambled or USP10 targeting siRNA and then stimulated by treatment with DLL4 or control. RNA for analysis was isolated after 24 hours of DLL4 stimulation.
Project description:In the current project with aim to unequivocally characterize a novel splicing-regulatory network that proves to be a central mediator of endothelial barrier function and vascular integrity. At the core of this network is the endothelial enriched lncRNA NTRAS (annotated as RP11-354k1.1) is shown to control alternative splicing decisions in HUVECs through interplaying with splicing factor hnRNPL. Specifically, in the project we show that NTRAS sequesters the splicing factor hnRNPL through a CA dinucleotide motif, to enhance TJP1 exon 20 usage, thereby TJP1α+ isoform. In turn disrupting TJP1α+ isoform expression impaired endothelial barrier function. Collectively, this splicing-regulatory network might prove fundamental in unlocking new interventions strategic to prevent or reverse vascular leakage.
Project description:Endothelial cells are critical for angiogenesis, and microRNAs plays important roles in this process. We investigated the regulatory role of microRNAs in endothelial cells of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by examining the microRNA expression profile of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the absence or presence of human HCC cells, and identified miR-146a as the most highly up-regulated microRNA. Furthermore, we revealed that miR-146a promoted the expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRA) in HUVECs, and this process was mediated by BRCA1. Overexpression of PDGFRA in the ECs of HCC tissues was associated with microvascular invasion, and predicted a poorer prognosis. These results suggest that MiR-146a plays a key role in regulating the angiogenic activity of ECs in HCC through miR-146a-BRCA1-PDGFRA pathway. MiR-146a may emerge as a potential anti-angiogenic target on ECs for HCC therapy. We have employed whole genome OneArray to examine the genome expression changes of HUVECs overexpressing miR-146a.
Project description:We identified that knocking down Map4k4 in endothelial cells affected genes associated with the cell cycle, mitosis, and inflammatory genes. We used microarrays to identify genes of interest that are differentially expressed after the addition of scrambled or Map4k4 siRNA. HUVECs were treated with scrambled or siMap4k4. 24 hours later, cells were serum starved overnight. Cells were prepared with this protocol on three different occasions, and total RNA was isolated to provide three biological replicates per sample.
Project description:The study aimed to identify circular RNAs (circRNAs) commonly back-spliced to intronic region of different sets of endothelial cells (human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMEC), human aortic endothelial cells (HAoEC), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)) and to evaluate their overall expression and their expression compared to their respective host gene. Identified circRNAs were quality controlled by their detection in an additional exonuclease RNase R treated RNA-Seq dataset performed with RNA of HUVECs. CircRNAs were compared for overlapping detection between datasets and filtered by annotation for circRNAs back-spliced to intronic regions. Common endothelial intronic circRNAs candidates were compared to respective murine circRNAs stored in the circATLAS database. The prime candidate cZNF292 was functionally characterized in vivo and in vitro.
Project description:Defects in stress responses are important contributors in many chronic conditions including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity-driven pathologies like non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Specifically, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is linked with these pathologies and control of ER stress can ameliorate tissue damage. MicroRNAs have a critical role in regulating diverse stress responses including ER stress. Here we show that miR-494-3p plays a functional role during ER stress. ER stress inducers (tunicamycin and thapsigargin) robustly increase the expression of miR-494 in vitro in an ATF6 dependent manner. Surprisingly, miR-494 pretreatment dampens the induction and magnitude of ER stress in response to tunicamycin in endothelial cells. Conversely, inhibition of miR-494 increases ER stress de novo and amplifies the effects of ER stress inducers. Using Mass Spectrometry (TMT-MS) we identified many proteins that are downregulated by both tunicamycin and miR-494 in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Among these, we found 6 transcripts which harbor a putative miR-494 binding site. Our data indicates that ER stress driven miR-494 may act in a feedback inhibitory loop to dampen downstream ER stress signaling. We propose that RNA-based approaches targeting miR-494 or its targets may be attractive candidates for inhibiting ER stress dependent pathologies in human disease.
Project description:Hyperphosphatemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease. High inorganic phosphorus can induce endothelial cell apoptosis, but the exact mechanism is not fully understood. This study addresses this knowledge gap.Microarray analysis was used to identify differentially expressed gene profiles in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in high phosphate (3.0 mM) normal phosphate (1.0 mM) medium and low phosphate( 0.5mM). Differential gene expression in HUVECs seeded in high phosphate (3.0 mM ) medium ,normal phosphate ( 1.0 mM ) medium and simulated hypophosphatemia (0.5mM) were identified using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays ( Affymetrix ). Three chips were used to minimize the random error in each group.
Project description:Acidic tissue microenvironment is commonly found in a variety of pathophysiological conditions. GPR4 is a proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptor that is fully activated by acidic extracellular pH but has lesser activity at the physiological pH 7.4 and minimal activity at more alkaline pH. To determine the effects of GPR4 activation by acidosis on vascular endothelial cells, we examined the global gene expression of the acidosis response in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) with varying level of GPR4. HUVEC with endogenous or overexpressed GPR4 level (designated as HUVEC/Vector & HUVEC/GPR4 cells). Two treatment conditions: pH 6.4 vs. pH 8.4 for 5 h. Biological replicates: 4 HUVEC/Vector replicates (pH6.4 vs pH 8.4), and 4 HUVEC/GPR4 replicates (pH6.4 vs pH 8.4).
Project description:BMP9 and BMP10 are two key regulators of vascular homeostasis. These two ligands bind with high affinity to the endothelial type I receptor ALK1 together with a type 2 receptor. Mutations in this signaling pathway have been identified in two rare cardiovascular diseases, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and pulmonary arterial hypertension. So far, only the canonical SMAD signaling pathway has been extensively studied in response to BMPs. The aim of this work was to address early phosphoproteomic changes in endothelial cells in response to short-term stimulation (30 mins) with BMP9 and BMP10 in order to identify new phosphorylated targets and signaling pathways.
Project description:Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression and chromatin modifications, with important functions in development and disease. Here we sought to identify and functionally characterize lncRNAs critical for vascular vertebrate development with significant conservation across species. Genome-wide transcriptomic analyses during human vascular lineage specification enabled the identification of three conserved novel lncRNAs: TERMINATOR, ALIEN and PUNISHER that are specifically expressed in pluripotent stem cells, mesoderm and endothelial cells, respectively. Gene expression profiling, alongside RNA immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry, revealed a wide range of new molecular networks and protein interactors related to post-transcriptional modifications for all three lncRNAs. Functional experiments in zebrafish and murine embryos, as well as differentiating human cells, confirmed a developmental-stage specific role for each lncRNA during vertebrate development. The identification and functional characterization of these three novel non-coding provide a comprehensive transcriptomic roadmap and shed new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying human vascular development. shRNA knock down of lncRNAs followed by DNA methylation profiling