Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Fatigue dataset of hybrid non-toughened and toughened epoxy adhesives.

ABSTRACT: In this article, four different structural epoxy adhesives such as SPABOND™ 820HTA (non-toughened), SPABOND™ 840HTA (toughened) adhesives, and their two hybrid combinations are fabricated using a manual mixing method. Quasi-static tensile experiments are conducted at standardized and high strain rates using ASTM D638-22 Type II specimens to investigate the strain rate effects on the tensile properties. Tensile-tensile fatigue experiments are performed using ASTM D638-22 Type I and Type II specimens to evaluate the impact of specimen geometry and toughening on fatigue life. The digital image correlation technique is utilized to obtain full-field strain data in these experiments. Technical data analysis, plotting, smoothing, filtering, and averaging are carried out using Origin Pro^Ⓡ and MATLAB R2021b^Ⓡ. The obtained S-N curve data can be used to develop fatigue failure criteria and predict the behavior of wind turbine blade adhesive joints through finite element modeling.

SUBMITTER: Srinivasan DV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10749227 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Fatigue dataset of hybrid non-toughened and toughened epoxy adhesives.

Srinivasan Dharun Vadugappatty DV Vassilopoulos Anastasios P AP

Data in brief 20231128

In this article, four different structural epoxy adhesives such as SPABOND™ 820HTA (non-toughened), SPABOND™ 840HTA (toughened) adhesives, and their two hybrid combinations are fabricated using a manual mixing method. Quasi-static tensile experiments are conducted at standardized and high strain rates using ASTM D638-22 Type II specimens to investigate the strain rate effects on the tensile properties. Tensile-tensile fatigue experiments are performed using ASTM D638-22 Type I and Type II specim ...[more]

PMID: 38146307

Similar Datasets

Dataset for the hybrid non-toughened and toughened epoxy adhesive properties.

Project description:In this article, the manufacturing and toughening effects on the material properties of epoxy adhesives used in wind turbine rotor blades are presented. Different adhesive materials are developed by combining SPABOND™ 820HTA (non-toughened) and SPABOND™ 840HTA (toughened) adhesives with the machine and manual mixing methods. Firstly, the manufacturing quality are compared between the two methods, in terms of void percentage and void volume using micro-computed tomography. Dynamical Mechanical analysis, uniaxial tensile testing, V-notch shear testing and single-edge-notch beam testing are carried out to evaluate the manufacturing and toughening effects. In these experiments, the digital image correlation technique is exploited to obtain the displacement and strain data. Origin ProⓇ and MATLAB R2021bⓇ are utilized for technical data analysis, plotting, smoothing, filtering, and averaging. The obtained data could be used to select the adhesive material based on the strength and stiffness requirements, develop failure criteria, and predict the thick adhesive joint behavior by finite element modeling.

| S-EPMC9898622 | biostudies-literature

Accelerating the Curing of Hybrid Poly(Hydroxy Urethane)-Epoxy Adhesives by the Thiol-Epoxy Chemistry.

Project description:The polyaddition between dicyclic carbonates and diamines leading to poly(hydroxy urethane)s (PHUs) has emerged as the preferred method for the synthesis of green, non-isocyanate polyurethanes. However, when proposed for use as structural adhesives, the long times for completion of aminolysis of the 5-membered cyclic carbonates under ambient conditions force the use of complementary chemistries to accelerate the curing process. In this work, a system that combines an amino-terminated PHU (NH2-PHU-NH2), an epoxy resin, and a thiol compound was employed to develop high-shear strength PHU-epoxy hybrid adhesives able to cure at room temperature in short times. A NH2-PHU-NH2 prepolymer synthesized by using a sub-stoichiometric quantity of dicyclic carbonates was mixed with a bisphenol A-based epoxy resin for the preparation of the structural adhesive. While this adhesive showed good lap-shear strength and shear resistance under static load and temperature, the curing process was slow. In order to speed up the curing process, a thiol (trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercapto propionate)) was added and its impact on the curing process as well as on the adhesive properties was evaluated. The trifunctional thiol additive allowed for faster curing in the presence of the 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine basic catalyst. Moreover, a combination of NH2-PHU-NH2 and the thiol as curing agents for the epoxy resin resulted in adhesives with superior toughness, without any deterioration of the ultimate lap-shear strength or shear resistance under load and temperature, making these adhesives suitable for high-demand applications in the automotive industry.

| S-EPMC9745729 | biostudies-literature

Environmental Resistance and Fatigue Behaviors of Epoxy/Nano-Boron Nitride Thermally Conductive Structural Film Adhesive Toughened by Polyphenoxy.

Project description:The thermally conductive structural film adhesive not only carries large loads but also exhibits excellent heat-transfer performance, which has huge application prospects. Herein, a novel epoxy (Ep) thermally conductive structural film adhesive was prepared using polyphenoxy (PHO) as the toughening agent and film former, boron nitride (BN) nanosheets as the thermally conductive filler, and polyester fabric as the carrier. When the amount of PHO in the epoxy matrix was 30 phr and the content of nano-BN was 30 wt.% (Ep/PHO30/nBN30), the adhesive resin system showed good film-forming properties, thermal stability, and thermal conductivity. The glass transition temperature of Ep/PHO30/nBN30 was 215 °C, and the thermal conductivity was 209.5% higher than that of the pure epoxy resin. The Ep/PHO30/nBN30 film adhesive possessed excellent adhesion and peeling properties, and the double-lap shear strength at room temperature reached 36.69 MPa, which was 21.3% higher than that of pure epoxy resin. The double-lap shear strength reached 15.41 MPa at 150 °C, demonstrating excellent high temperature resistance. In addition, the Ep/PHO30/nBN30 film adhesive exhibited excellent heat-aging resistance, humidity, and medium resistance, and the shear strength retention rate after exposure to the complicated environment reached more than 90%. The structural film adhesive prepared showed excellent fatigue resistance in the dynamic load fatigue test, the double-lap shear strength still reached 35.55 MPa after 1,000,000 fatigue cycles, and the strength retention rate was 96.9%, showing excellent durability and fatigue resistance.

| S-EPMC8513045 | biostudies-literature

Enhanced Recyclability of Thermoplastic Elastomer Toughened Polyamide 6 via Tri- and Multi-epoxy-Terminated POSS Hybrid Additives.

Project description:Although widely used polymers, such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), are easily recyclable, complex engineering polymer blends used in the automotive sector involve recycling challenges at the end of life. This study explores the alterations in the properties of compatibilized PA6/TPE blends under multiple thermomechanical recycling conditions, especially for the automotive industry in underhood applications. The compatibilization of PA6/TPE blends was achieved through the incorporation of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles, specifically utilizing variants with three and multiple epoxide functional groups (TriEpPOSS and MultEpPOSS, respectively) in their cage structures. Following each recycling step, the blends were pelletized and injection-molded to characterize their morphological, rheological, mechanical, and thermomechanical properties. The findings revealed that the addition of TriEpPOSS significantly improved all properties of PA6/TPE blends throughout successive extrusion cycles. For instance, significant enhancements in Izod impact strength were achieved through the incorporation of TriEpPOSS into the PA6/TPE blend across multiple extrusion cycles. Notably, the 80PA6/20TPE blend with 1 wt % TriEpPOSS demonstrated a remarkable 685% increase in Izod impact strength compared to the same blend without TriEpPOSS following the fourth extrusion cycle. Conversely, the incorporation of MultEpPOSS slightly reduced the rheological and mechanical properties after each extrusion cycle. Nonetheless, it was observed that all properties, particularly rheological characteristics, were superior in blends compatibilized with MultEpPOSS compared to both TriEpPOSS-compatibilized and noncompatibilized blends, owing to the heightened reactivity of MultEpPOSS toward PA6.

| S-EPMC11561595 | biostudies-literature

Solvent-Resistant Lignin-Epoxy Hybrid Nanoparticles for Covalent Surface Modification and High-Strength Particulate Adhesives.

Project description:Fabrication of spherical lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) is opening more application opportunities for lignin. However, dissolution of LNPs at a strongly alkaline pH or in common organic solvent systems has prevented their surface functionalization in a dispersion state as well as processing and applications that require maintaining the particle morphology under harsh conditions. Here, we report a simple method to stabilize LNPs through intraparticle cross-linking. Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), a cross-linker that, like lignin, contains substituted benzene rings, is coprecipitated with softwood Kraft lignin to form hybrid LNPs (hy-LNPs). The hy-LNPs with a BADGE content ≤20 wt % could be intraparticle cross-linked in the dispersion state without altering their colloidal stability. Atomic force microscopy and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring were used to show that the internally cross-linked particles were resistant to dissolution under strongly alkaline conditions and in acetone-water binary solvent that dissolved unmodified LNPs entirely. We further demonstrated covalent surface functionalization of the internally cross-linked particles at pH 12 through an epoxy ring-opening reaction to obtain particles with pH-switchable surface charge. Moreover, the hy-LNPs with BADGE content ≥30% allowed both inter- and intraparticle cross-linking at >150 °C, which enabled their application as waterborne wood adhesives with competitive dry/wet adhesive strength (5.4/3.5 MPa).

| S-EPMC8023795 | biostudies-literature

Impact- and Thermal-Resistant Epoxy Resin Toughened with Acacia Honey.

Project description:High performance polymers with bio-based modifiers are promising materials in terms of applications and environmental impact. In this work, raw acacia honey was used as a bio-modifier for epoxy resin, as a rich source of functional groups. The addition of honey resulted in the formation of highly stable structures that were observed in scanning electron microscopy images as separate phases at the fracture surface, which were involved in the toughening of the resin. Structural changes were investigated, revealing the formation of a new aldehyde carbonyl group. Thermal analysis confirmed the formation of products that were stable up to 600 °C, with a glass transition temperature of 228 °C. An energy-controlled impact test was performed to compare the absorbed impact energy of bio-modified epoxy containing different amounts of honey with unmodified epoxy resin. The results showed that bio-modified epoxy resin with 3 wt% of acacia honey could withstand several impacts with full recovery, while unmodified epoxy resin broke at first impact. The absorbed energy at first impact was 2.5 times higher for bio-modified epoxy resin than it was for unmodified epoxy resin. In this manner, by using simple preparation and a raw material that is abundant in nature, a novel epoxy with high thermal and impact resistance was obtained, opening a path for further research in this field.

| S-EPMC10222091 | biostudies-literature

Highly Toughened and Transparent Biobased Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Cellulose Nanofibrils.

Project description:Biobased nanofillers, such as cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), have been widely used as reinforcing fillers for various polymers due to their high mechanical properties and potential for sustainable production. In this study, CNF-based composites with a commercial biobased epoxy resin were prepared and characterized to determine the morphology, mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties. The addition of 18⁻23 wt % of CNFs to epoxy significantly increased the modulus, strength and strain of the resulting composites. The addition of fibrils led to an overall increase in strain energy density or modulus of toughness by almost 184 times for the composites compared to the neat epoxy. The addition of CNFs did not affect the high thermal stability of epoxy. The presence of nanofibrils had a strong reinforcing effect in both glassy and glass transition region of the composites. A significant decrease in intensity in tan δ peak for the epoxy matrix occurred with the addition of CNFs, indicating a high interaction between fibrils and epoxy during the phase transition. The presence of highly crystalline and high aspect ratio CNFs (23 wt %) decreased the water vapour permeability of the neat epoxy resin by more than 50%.

| S-EPMC6523465 | biostudies-literature

Self-Toughened Epoxy Resin via Hybridization of Structural Isomeric Curing Agents.

Project description:Fracture toughness is a key property of epoxy resins with a high glass transition temperature (Tg), used in carbon fiber/epoxy composites for aerospace applications. Conventional toughening methods rely on adding toughening agents, often compromising the processibility and thermal stability. This study introduces a simple self-toughening approach that enhances the fracture toughness without sacrificing other properties by controlling the cured epoxy network structure. Tetraglycidyl 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM) epoxy resin was cured using mixtures of structural isomeric curing agents, 3,3'- and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (3,3'- and 4,4'-DDS), at ratios of 7:3, 5:5, and 3:7. The optimal 7:3 ratio produced a resin with 30% higher fracture toughness compared to TGDDM/3,3'-DDS and 100% higher than the TGDDM/4,4'-DDS system. The Tg of the self-toughened resin ranged from 241 to 266 °C, which was intermediate between the Tg values of the TGDDM/3,3'-DDS and TGDDM/4,4'-DDS systems. This improvement is attributed to the higher crosslink density and reduced free volume of the epoxy network. These findings demonstrate that simply mixing isomeric curing agents enables self-toughening, providing a practical and efficient strategy to enhance the performance of high-Tg epoxy resins in advanced composite applications.

| S-EPMC11902468 | biostudies-literature

Super-Toughened Fumed-Silica-Reinforced Thiol-Epoxy Composites Containing Epoxide-Terminated Polydimethylsiloxanes.

Project description:In response to the demand for high-performance materials, epoxy thermosetting and its composites are widely used in various industries. However, their poor toughness, resulting from the high crosslinking density of the epoxy network, must be improved to expand their application to the manufacturing of flexible products. In this study, ductile epoxy thermosetting was produced using thiol compounds with functionalities of 2 and 3 as curing agents. The mechanical properties of the epoxy were further enhanced by incorporating fumed silica into it. To increase the filler dispersion, epoxide-terminated polydimethylsiloxane was synthesized and used as a composite component. Thanks to the polysiloxane-silica interaction, the nanosilica was uniformly dispersed in the epoxy composites, and their mechanical properties improved with increasing fumed silica content up to 5 phr (parts per hundred parts of epoxy resin). The toughness and impact strength of the composite containing 5 phr nanosilica were 5.17 (±0.13) MJ/m3 and 69.8 (±1.3) KJ/m2, respectively.

| S-EPMC8347240 | biostudies-literature

Novel Reactive Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane-Reinforced and Toughened Epoxy Resins for Advanced Composites.

Project description:Most toughening methods for epoxy resins are usually used at the expense of other properties. Some polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs) with both a rigid Si-O-Si structure and flexible organic chain segments could be expected to be effective toughening agents. In this study, three reactive polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes with a thiol group (OMPPS), a carboxyl group (OCOPS), and an epoxy group (OGCPS) were synthesized and characterized. They were utilized as modifiers to toughen 3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)-N,N-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)aniline (AFG-90MH)/4,4'-methylenebis(2-ethylaniline) (MOEA) (epoxy resin) with different molar ratios to obtain hybrid resins named OMPPS-EP-i, OCOPS-EP-j, and OGCPS-EP-k. The effects of the amount of modifier added and the length of the organic chain on the cage structure on various properties of the hybrid resins were investigated. The results show that all three modifiers show good compatibility with the epoxy resin. The hybrid resins have a low viscosity at 45~85 °C and can be cured at a low temperature (110 °C). The cured hybrid resins display improved toughness. Typically, the critical stress intensity factor (KIC) and impact strength of OGCPS-EP-0.6-C are 2.54 MPa∙m-1/2 and 19.33 kJ∙m-2, respectively, which increased by 58.75% and 22.48% compared with the pristine epoxy resin, respectively. In addition, the glass transition temperature and flexural strength of the hybrid resins are basically unchanged.

| S-EPMC11243849 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data