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The class 2 selenophosphate synthetase gene of Drosophila contains a functional mammalian-type SECIS.

ABSTRACT: Synthesis of monoselenophosphate, the selenium donor required for the synthesis of selenocysteine (Sec) is catalyzed by the enzyme selenophosphate synthetase (SPS), first described in Escherichia coli. SPS homologs were identified in archaea, mammals and Drosophila. In the latter, however, an amino acid replacement is present within the catalytic domain and lacks selenide-dependent SPS activity. We describe the identification of a novel Drosophila homolog, Dsps2. The open reading frame of Dsps2 mRNA is interrupted by an UGA stop codon. The 3'UTR contains a mammalian-like Sec insertion sequence which causes translational readthrough in both transfected Drosophila cells and transgenic embryos. Thus, like vertebrates, Drosophila contains two SPS enzymes one with and one without Sec in its catalytic domain. Our data indicate further that the selenoprotein biosynthesis machinery is conserved between mammals and fly, promoting the use of Drosophila as a genetic tool to identify components and mechanistic features of the synthesis pathway.

SUBMITTER: Hirosawa-Takamori M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1083760 | biostudies-literature | 2000 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The class 2 selenophosphate synthetase gene of Drosophila contains a functional mammalian-type SECIS.

Hirosawa-Takamori M M Jäckle H H Vorbrüggen G G

EMBO reports 20001101 5

Synthesis of monoselenophosphate, the selenium donor required for the synthesis of selenocysteine (Sec) is catalyzed by the enzyme selenophosphate synthetase (SPS), first described in Escherichia coli. SPS homologs were identified in archaea, mammals and Drosophila. In the latter, however, an amino acid replacement is present within the catalytic domain and lacks selenide-dependent SPS activity. We describe the identification of a novel Drosophila homolog, Dsps2. The open reading frame of Dsps2 ...[more]

PMID: 11258485

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Project description:The endospore-forming pathogen Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and is a significant burden on the community and health care. C. difficile, like all forms of life, incorporates selenium into proteins through a selenocysteine synthesis pathway. The known selenoproteins in C. difficile are involved in a metabolic process that uses amino acids as the sole carbon and nitrogen source (Stickland metabolism). The Stickland metabolic pathway requires the use of two selenium-containing reductases. In this study, we built upon our initial characterization of the CRISPR-Cas9-generated selD mutant by creating a CRISPR-Cas9-mediated restoration of the selD gene at the native locus. Here, we use these CRISPR-generated strains to analyze the importance of selenium-containing proteins on C. difficile physiology. SelD is the first enzyme in the pathway for selenoprotein synthesis, and we found that multiple aspects of C. difficile physiology were affected (e.g., growth, sporulation, and outgrowth of a vegetative cell post-spore germination). Using transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), we identified multiple candidate genes which likely aid the cell in overcoming the global loss of selenoproteins to grow in medium which is favorable for using Stickland metabolism. Our results suggest that the absence of selenophosphate (i.e., selenoprotein synthesis) leads to alterations to C. difficile physiology so that NAD+ can be regenerated by other pathways. IMPORTANCE C. difficile is a Gram-positive, anaerobic gut pathogen which infects thousands of individuals each year. In order to stop the C. difficile life cycle, other nonantibiotic treatment options are in urgent need of development. Toward this goal, we find that a metabolic process used by only a small fraction of the microbiota is important for C. difficile physiology: Stickland metabolism. Here, we use our CRISPR-Cas9 system to "knock in" a copy of the selD gene into the deletion strain to restore selD at its native locus. Our findings support the hypothesis that selenium-containing proteins are important for several aspects of C. difficile physiology, from vegetative growth to spore formation and outgrowth postgermination.

Dataset Information

The class 2 selenophosphate synthetase gene of Drosophila contains a functional mammalian-type SECIS.

Publications

The class 2 selenophosphate synthetase gene of Drosophila contains a functional mammalian-type SECIS.

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