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Potent non-nucleoside inhibitors of the measles virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex.

ABSTRACT: Measles virus (MV) is one of the most infectious pathogens known. In spite of the existence of a vaccine, approximately 350000 deaths/year result from MV or associated complications. Antimeasles compounds could conceivably diminish these statistics and provide a therapy that complements vaccine treatment. We recently described a high-throughput screening hit compound 1 (16677) against MV-infected cells with the capacity to eliminate viral reproduction at 250 nM by inhibiting the action of the virus's RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex (RdRp). The compound, 1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)- N-[4-sulfonylphenyl]-1 H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide, 1 carries a critical CF 3 moiety on the 1,2-pyrazole ring. Elaborating on the preliminary structure-activity (SAR) study, the present work presents the synthesis and SAR of a much broader range of low nanomolar nonpeptidic MV inhibitors and speculates on the role of the CF 3 functionality.

SUBMITTER: Sun A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2587337 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Potent non-nucleoside inhibitors of the measles virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex.

Sun Aiming A Yoon Jeong-Joong JJ Yin Yan Y Prussia Andrew A Yang Yutao Y Min Jaeki J Plemper Richard K RK Snyder James P JP

Journal of medicinal chemistry 20080605 13

Measles virus (MV) is one of the most infectious pathogens known. In spite of the existence of a vaccine, approximately 350000 deaths/year result from MV or associated complications. Antimeasles compounds could conceivably diminish these statistics and provide a therapy that complements vaccine treatment. We recently described a high-throughput screening hit compound 1 (16677) against MV-infected cells with the capacity to eliminate viral reproduction at 250 nM by inhibiting the action of the vi ...[more]

PMID: 18529043

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Project description:Zika virus (ZIKV) remains a potentially significant public health concern because it can cause teratogenic effects, such as microcephaly in newborns and neurological disease, like Guillain-Barré syndrome. Together with efforts to develop a vaccine, the discovery of antiviral molecules is important to control ZIKV infections and to prevent its most severe symptoms. Here, we report the development of small nonnucleoside inhibitors (NNIs) of ZIKV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity. These NNIs target an allosteric pocket (N pocket) located next to a putative hinge region between the thumb and the palm subdomains that was originally described for dengue virus (DENV) RdRp. We first tested the activity of DENV RdRp N-pocket inhibitors against ZIKV RdRp, introduced chemical modifications into these molecules, and assessed their potency using both enzymatic and cell-based assays. The most potent compound had a 50% inhibitory concentration value of 7.3 μM and inhibited ZIKV replication in a cell-based assay with a 50% effective concentration value of 24.3 μM. Importantly, we report four high-resolution crystal structures detailing how these NNIs insert into the N pocket of ZIKV RdRp. Our observations point to subtle differences in the size, shape, chemical environment, and hydration of the N pocket from ZIKV RdRp from those of the N pocket from DENV RdRp that are crucial for the design of improved antiviral inhibitors with activity against ZIKV.IMPORTANCE Zika virus belongs to the Flavivirus genus, which comprises several important human pathogens. There is currently neither an approved vaccine nor antiviral drugs available to prevent infection by ZIKV. The nonstructural protein 5 (NS5) polymerase, which is responsible for replicating the viral RNA genome, represents one of the most promising targets for antiviral drug development. Starting from compounds recently developed against dengue virus NS5, we designed and synthesized inhibitors targeting Zika virus NS5. We show that these novel compounds inhibit viral replication by targeting the polymerase activity. High-resolution X-ray crystallographic structures of protein-inhibitor complexes demonstrated specific binding to an allosteric site within the polymerase, called the N pocket. This work paves the way for the future structure-based design of potent compounds specifically targeting ZIKV RNA polymerase activity.

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Potent non-nucleoside inhibitors of the measles virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex.

Publications

Potent non-nucleoside inhibitors of the measles virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex.

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