Dataset Information

Full accounting of diabetes and pre-diabetes in the U.S. population in 1988-1994 and 2005-2006.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

We examined the prevalences of diagnosed diabetes, and undiagnosed diabetes and pre-diabetes using fasting and 2-h oral glucose tolerance test values, in the U.S. during 2005-2006. We then compared the prevalences of these conditions with those in 1988-1994.

Research design and methods

In 2005-2006, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey included a probability sample of 7,267 people aged > or =12 years. Participants were classified according to glycemic status by interview for diagnosed diabetes and by fasting and 2-h glucoses measured in subsamples.

Results

In 2005-2006, the crude prevalence of total diabetes in people aged > or =20 years was 12.9%, of which approximately 40% was undiagnosed. In people aged > or =20 years, the crude prevalence of impaired fasting glucose was 25.7% and of impaired glucose tolerance was 13.8%, with almost 30% having either. Over 40% of individuals had diabetes or pre-diabetes. Almost one-third of the elderly had diabetes, and three-quarters had diabetes or pre-diabetes. Compared with non-Hispanic whites, age- and sex-standardized prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was approximately twice as high in non-Hispanic blacks (P < 0.0001) and Mexican Americans (P = 0.0001), whereas undiagnosed diabetes was not higher. Crude prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in people aged > or =20 years rose from 5.1% in 1988-1994 to 7.7% in 2005-2006 (P = 0.0001); this was significant after accounting for differences in age and sex, particularly in non-Hispanic blacks. Prevalences of undiagnosed diabetes and pre-diabetes were generally stable, although the proportion of total diabetes that was undiagnosed decreased in Mexican Americans.

Conclusions

Over 40% of people aged > or =20 years have hyperglycemic conditions, and prevalence is higher in minorities. Diagnosed diabetes has increased over time, but other conditions have been relatively stable.

SUBMITTER: Cowie CC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2628695 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Full accounting of diabetes and pre-diabetes in the U.S. population in 1988-1994 and 2005-2006.

Cowie Catherine C CC Rust Keith F KF Ford Earl S ES Eberhardt Mark S MS Byrd-Holt Danita D DD Li Chaoyang C Williams Desmond E DE Gregg Edward W EW Bainbridge Kathleen E KE Saydah Sharon H SH Geiss Linda S LS

Diabetes care 20081118 2

<h4>Objective</h4>We examined the prevalences of diagnosed diabetes, and undiagnosed diabetes and pre-diabetes using fasting and 2-h oral glucose tolerance test values, in the U.S. during 2005-2006. We then compared the prevalences of these conditions with those in 1988-1994.<h4>Research design and methods</h4>In 2005-2006, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey included a probability sample of 7,267 people aged > or =12 years. Participants were classified according to glycemic sta ...[more]

PMID: 19017771

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundNutritional, environmental, and metabolic status may play a role in affecting the progression and prognosis of type 2 diabetes. However, results in identifying prognostic biomarkers among diabetic patients have been inconsistent and inconclusive. We aimed to evaluate the associations of nutritional, environmental, and metabolic status with disease progression and prognosis among diabetic patients.MethodsIn a nationally representative sample in the NHANES III (The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994), we analyzed available data on 44 biomarkers among 2113 diabetic patients aged 20 to 90 years (mean age: 58.2 years) with mortality data followed up through 2016. A panel of 44 biomarkers from blood and urine specimens available from NHANES III were included in this study and the main outcomes as well as the measures are mortalities from all-causes. We performed weighted logistic regression analyses after controlling potential confounders. To assess incremental prognostic values of promising biomarkers beyond traditional risk factors, we compared c-statistics of the adjusted models with and without biomarkers, separately.ResultsIn total, 1387 (65.2%) deaths were documented between 1988 and 2016. We observed an increased risk of all-cause mortality associated with higher levels of serum C-reactive protein (p for trend = 0.0004), thyroid stimulating hormone (p for trend = 0.04), lactate dehydrogenase (p for trend = 0.02), gamma glutamyl transferase (p for trend = 0.02), and plasma fibrinogen (p for trend = 0.03), and urine albumin (p for trend < 0.0001). In contrast, higher levels of serum sodium (p for trend = 0.005), alpha carotene (p for trend = 0.006), and albumin (p for trend = 0.005) were associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality. In addition, these significant associations were not modified by age, sex, or race. Inclusion of thyroid stimulating hormone (p = 0.03), fibrinogen (p = 0.01), and urine albumin (p < 0.0001), separately, modestly improved the discriminatory ability for predicting all-cause mortality among diabetic patients.ConclusionsOur nationwide study findings provide strong evidence that some nutritional, environmental, and metabolic biomarkers were significant predictors of all-cause mortality among diabetic patients and may have potential clinical value for improving stratification of mortality risk.

Dataset Information

Full accounting of diabetes and pre-diabetes in the U.S. population in 1988-1994 and 2005-2006.

Objective

Research design and methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Full accounting of diabetes and pre-diabetes in the U.S. population in 1988-1994 and 2005-2006.

Similar Datasets

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