Dataset Information

Does the Immigrant Advantage in Overweight/Obesity Persist over Time in Mexican American Youth? NHANES 1988-1994 to 2005-2014.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To examine whether the relationship between nativity and overweight/obesity has changed over time among Mexican American children and to investigate the implications of this pattern on overweight/obesity disparities relative to non-Hispanic white children. METHODS:Using cross-sectional data from Mexican American and non-Hispanic white children aged 4 to 17 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1988-1994 [N?=?4,720] and 2005-2014 [N?=?7,275]) log-binomial regression was used to calculate prevalence ratios (PRs) of overweight/obesity by nativity status adjusting for sociodemographic covariates, survey period, and a nativity-by-survey period interaction. A separate covariate-adjusted model tested a three-level interaction between ethnicity, nativity, and survey period that included non-Hispanic white children. RESULTS:In 1988-1994, foreign-born Mexican Americans had significantly lower prevalence of overweight/obesity compared with US-born Mexican Americans (PR?=?0.75, 95% CI: 0.61-0.94). However, by 2005-2014, the nativity gap in overweight/obesity had closed (PR?=?0.94, 95% CI: 0.84-1.07). Moreover, while foreign-born Mexican Americans had the lowest levels of overweight/obesity in 1988-1994, by 2005-2014, foreign-born and US-born Mexican Americans had comparable estimates, both significantly higher than that of non-Hispanic white individuals. CONCLUSIONS:Although overweight/obesity disparities between Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic white Americans had previously been specific to US-born Mexican Americans, disparities in more recent years have extended to foreign-born Mexican Americans.

SUBMITTER: Maldonado LE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5975978 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Does the Immigrant Advantage in Overweight/Obesity Persist over Time in Mexican American Youth? NHANES 1988-1994 to 2005-2014.

Maldonado Luis E LE Albrecht Sandra S SS

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20180601 6

<h4>Objective</h4>To examine whether the relationship between nativity and overweight/obesity has changed over time among Mexican American children and to investigate the implications of this pattern on overweight/obesity disparities relative to non-Hispanic white children.<h4>Methods</h4>Using cross-sectional data from Mexican American and non-Hispanic white children aged 4 to 17 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1988-1994 [N = 4,720] and 2005-2014 [N ...[more]

PMID: 29797556

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Project description:ImportancePrevious analyses of obesity trends among children and adolescents showed an increase between 1988-1994 and 1999-2000, but no change between 2003-2004 and 2011-2012, except for a significant decline among children aged 2 to 5 years.ObjectivesTo provide estimates of obesity and extreme obesity prevalence for children and adolescents for 2011-2014 and investigate trends by age between 1988-1994 and 2013-2014.Design, setting, and participantsChildren and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years with measured weight and height in the 1988-1994 through 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.ExposuresSurvey period.Main outcomes and measuresObesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) at or above the sex-specific 95th percentile on the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) BMI-for-age growth charts. Extreme obesity was defined as a BMI at or above 120% of the sex-specific 95th percentile on the CDC BMI-for-age growth charts. Detailed estimates are presented for 2011-2014. The analyses of linear and quadratic trends in prevalence were conducted using 9 survey periods. Trend analyses between 2005-2006 and 2013-2014 also were conducted.ResultsMeasurements from 40,780 children and adolescents (mean age, 11.0 years; 48.8% female) between 1988-1994 and 2013-2014 were analyzed. Among children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years, the prevalence of obesity in 2011-2014 was 17.0% (95% CI, 15.5%-18.6%) and extreme obesity was 5.8% (95% CI, 4.9%-6.8%). Among children aged 2 to 5 years, obesity increased from 7.2% (95% CI, 5.8%-8.8%) in 1988-1994 to 13.9% (95% CI, 10.7%-17.7%) (P < .001) in 2003-2004 and then decreased to 9.4% (95% CI, 6.8%-12.6%) (P = .03) in 2013-2014. Among children aged 6 to 11 years, obesity increased from 11.3% (95% CI, 9.4%-13.4%) in 1988-1994 to 19.6% (95% CI, 17.1%-22.4%) (P < .001) in 2007-2008, and then did not change (2013-2014: 17.4% [95% CI, 13.8%-21.4%]; P = .44). Obesity increased among adolescents aged 12 to 19 years between 1988-1994 (10.5% [95% CI, 8.8%-12.5%]) and 2013-2014 (20.6% [95% CI, 16.2%-25.6%]; P < .001) as did extreme obesity among children aged 6 to 11 years (3.6% [95% CI, 2.5%-5.0%] in 1988-1994 to 4.3% [95% CI, 3.0%-6.1%] in 2013-2014; P = .02) and adolescents aged 12 to 19 years (2.6% [95% CI, 1.7%-3.9%] in 1988-1994 to 9.1% [95% CI, 7.0%-11.5%] in 2013-2014; P < .001). No significant trends were observed between 2005-2006 and 2013-2014 (P value range, .09-.87).Conclusions and relevanceIn this nationally representative study of US children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years, the prevalence of obesity in 2011-2014 was 17.0% and extreme obesity was 5.8%. Between 1988-1994 and 2013-2014, the prevalence of obesity increased until 2003-2004 and then decreased in children aged 2 to 5 years, increased until 2007-2008 and then leveled off in children aged 6 to 11 years, and increased among adolescents aged 12 to 19 years.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Prior research suggests that undernutrition and enteric infections predispose children to stunted growth. Undernutrition and infections have been associated with limited access to healthy diets, lack of sanitation, and access barriers to healthcare - all associated with human rights. Stunting has also been documented to be a major determinant of subsequent obesity and non-communicable diseases. Short leg length relative to stature during adulthood seems to be a good proxy indicator tracking such barriers, and has been reported to be associated with adverse health effects during adulthood. Our objective was to examine the association between relative leg length (as measured by the leg length index, LLI) and measures of adiposity - based on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) - in a population of recent Mexican immigrant women to the New York City Area. METHODS:The analysis was based on a cross-sectional survey of 200 Mexican immigrant women aged 18 to 70?years, whose data were collected between April and November 2008; although for purposes of the current study we restricted the sample to those aged 18 to 59?years. The dependent variables were BMI and WC, both transformed into categorical variables. The main independent variable was LLI, and other correlates were controlled for (i.e. age, education, having had children, characteristics of the community of origin, acculturation, chronic conditions, sedentary behaviors, access to fresh fruits and vegetables). Two probit models were estimated: the first one analyzed the effect of LLI on BMI categories and the second one estimated the effect of LLI on WC. RESULTS:The probit assessing the effect of LLI on overweight/obesity suggested that having a short LLI increased the probability of overweight/obesity by 21 percentage points. Results from the probit model estimating the effect of LLI on WC indicated that having a short LLI increased the probability of having abdominal adiposity by 39 percentage points. Both results were statistically significant at p?<?0.05. CONCLUSION:The study found an association between having shorter legs relative to one's height and increased risk of overweight/obesity and abdominal adiposity. Findings support the epidemiological evidence regarding the association between short leg length, early life socioeconomic conditions (i.e. limited access to basic rights), and increased risk of adverse health effects later in life.

Dataset Information

Does the Immigrant Advantage in Overweight/Obesity Persist over Time in Mexican American Youth? NHANES 1988-1994 to 2005-2014.

Publications

Does the Immigrant Advantage in Overweight/Obesity Persist over Time in Mexican American Youth? NHANES 1988-1994 to 2005-2014.

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