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Picomolar amyloid-beta positively modulates synaptic plasticity and memory in hippocampus.

ABSTRACT: Amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides are produced in high amounts during Alzheimer's disease, causing synaptic and memory dysfunction. However, they are also released in lower amounts in normal brains throughout life during synaptic activity. Here we show that low picomolar concentrations of a preparation containing both Abeta(42) monomers and oligomers cause a marked increase of hippocampal long-term potentiation, whereas high nanomolar concentrations lead to the well established reduction of potentiation. Picomolar levels of Abeta(42) also produce a pronounced enhancement of both reference and contextual fear memory. The mechanism of action of picomolar Abeta(42) on both synaptic plasticity and memory involves alpha7-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These findings strongly support a model for Abeta effects in which low concentrations play a novel positive, modulatory role on neurotransmission and memory, whereas high concentrations play the well known detrimental effect culminating in dementia.

SUBMITTER: Puzzo D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2673049 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Picomolar amyloid-beta positively modulates synaptic plasticity and memory in hippocampus.

Puzzo Daniela D Privitera Lucia L Leznik Elena E Fà Mauro M Staniszewski Agnieszka A Palmeri Agostino A Arancio Ottavio O

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 20081201 53

Amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides are produced in high amounts during Alzheimer's disease, causing synaptic and memory dysfunction. However, they are also released in lower amounts in normal brains throughout life during synaptic activity. Here we show that low picomolar concentrations of a preparation containing both Abeta(42) monomers and oligomers cause a marked increase of hippocampal long-term potentiation, whereas high nanomolar concentrations lead to the well established reduction of potentia ...[more]

PMID: 19118188

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Project description:Exercise facilitates hippocampal neurogenesis and neuroplasticity that in turn, promotes cognitive function. Our previous studies have demonstrated that in male mice, voluntary exercise enables hippocampus-dependent learning in conditions that are normally subthreshold for long-term memory formation in sedentary animals. Such cognitive enhancement can be maintained long after exercise has ceased and can be re-engaged by a subsequent subthreshold exercise session, suggesting exercise-induced benefits are temporally dynamic. In females, the extent to which the benefits of exercise can be maintained and the mechanisms underlying this maintenance have yet to be defined. Here, we examined the exercise parameters required to initiate and maintain the benefits of exercise in female C57BL/6J mice. Using a subthreshold version of the hippocampus-dependent task called object-location memory (OLM) task, we show that 14d of voluntary exercise enables learning under subthreshold acquisition conditions in female mice. Following the initial exercise, a 7d sedentary delay results in diminished performance, which can be re-facilitated when animals receive 2d of reactivating exercise following the sedentary delay. Assessment of estrous cycle reveals enhanced wheel running activity during the estrus phase relative to the diestrus phase, whereas estrous phase on training or test had no effect on OLM performance. Utilizing the same exercise parameters, we demonstrate that 14d of exercise enhances long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, an effect that persists throughout the sedentary delay and following the reactivating exercise session. Previous studies have proposed exercise-induced BDNF upregulation as the mechanism underlying exercise-mediated benefits on synaptic plasticity and cognition. However, our assessment of hippocampal Bdnf mRNA expression following memory retrieval reveals no difference between exercise conditions and control, suggesting that persistent Bdnf upregulation may not be required for maintenance of exercise-induced benefits. Together, our data indicate that 14d of voluntary exercise can initiate long-lasting benefits on neuroplasticity and cognitive function in female mice, establishing the first evidence on the temporal endurance of exercise-induced benefits in females.

Dataset Information

Picomolar amyloid-beta positively modulates synaptic plasticity and memory in hippocampus.

Publications

Picomolar amyloid-beta positively modulates synaptic plasticity and memory in hippocampus.

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