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Genetic variants associated with carboplatin-induced cytotoxicity in cell lines derived from Africans.

ABSTRACT: To gain a better understanding of the genetic variants associated with carboplatin-induced cytotoxicity in individuals of African descent, we present a step-wise approach integrating genotypes, gene expression, and sensitivity of HapMap cell lines to carboplatin. Cell lines derived from 30 trios of African descent (YRI) were used to develop a preclinical model to identify genetic variants and gene expression that contribute to carboplatin-induced cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity was determined as cell growth inhibition at increasing concentrations of carboplatin for 72 h. Gene expression of 89 HapMap YRI cell lines was determined using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Exon 1.0 ST Array. Single nucleotide polymorphism genotype and the percent survival at different treatment concentrations along with carboplatin IC50 were linked through whole genome association. A second association test was done between single nucleotide polymorphism genotype and gene expression, and linear regression was then used to capture those genes whose expression correlated to drug sensitivity phenotypes. This approach allows us to identify genetic variants that significantly associate with sensitivity to the cytotoxic effects of carboplatin through their effect on gene expression. We found a gene (GPC5) whose expression is important in all carboplatin treatment concentrations as well as many genes unique to either low (e.g., MAPK1) or high (e.g., BRAF, MYC, and BCL2L1) concentrations of drug. Our whole genome approach enables us to evaluate the contribution of genetic and gene expression variation to a wide range of cellular phenotypes. The identification of concentration specific genetic signatures allows for potential integration of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenetics in tailoring chemotherapy.

SUBMITTER: Huang RS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2743011 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genetic variants associated with carboplatin-induced cytotoxicity in cell lines derived from Africans.

Huang R Stephanie RS Duan Shiwei S Kistner Emily O EO Hartford Christine M CM Dolan M Eileen ME

Molecular cancer therapeutics 20080902 9

To gain a better understanding of the genetic variants associated with carboplatin-induced cytotoxicity in individuals of African descent, we present a step-wise approach integrating genotypes, gene expression, and sensitivity of HapMap cell lines to carboplatin. Cell lines derived from 30 trios of African descent (YRI) were used to develop a preclinical model to identify genetic variants and gene expression that contribute to carboplatin-induced cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity was determined as cell ...[more]

PMID: 18765826

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Birthweight is an important predictor of infant morbidity and mortality, and is associated with cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and diabetes in childhood and adulthood. Birthweight and fetal growth show regional and population variations even under similar maternal conditions, and a large proportion of these differences are not explained by environmental factors. Whether and to what extent population genetic variations at key birthweight-associated loci account for the residual birthweight disparities not explained by environmental determinants is unknown. We hypothesized that the cumulative burden of genetic variants with a birthweight-lowering effect (GRB) is different among ancestrally diverse populations. METHODS:Genotype data were extracted from phase 3 of the 1000 Genomes Project for 2504 participants from 26 global populations grouped into five super-populations. GRB was calculated in offspring as the weighted sum of the number of birthweight-lowering genetic variants of 59 autosomal single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with birthweight, and comparisons were made between Europeans and non-Europeans. RESULTS:GRB was significantly higher in Africans (mean difference 3.15; 95% confidence interval 2.64, 3.66), admixed Americans (3.02; 2.34, 3.70), East Asians (2.85; 2.29, 3.41), and South Asians (1.07; 0.49, 1.65) compared to Europeans. Birthweight-lowering genetic variants in Africans and East Asians were enriched for rare and frequency-fixed alleles (P?<?0.001). African and Asian populations had the greatest deviation from the expectation of the common disease-common variant hyothesis. Compared to Europeans, the GRB of ancestral alleles was significantly higher and that of derived alleles was significantly lower in non-Europeans (P?<?0.001). CONCLUSIONS:The burden of birthweight-lowering genetic variants is higher in Africans and East Asians. This finding is consistent with the high incidence of low birthweight in the two populations. The genetic variants we studied may not be causal and the extent to which they tag the causal variants in non-Europeans is unknown; however, our findings highlight that genetic variations contribute to population differences in birthweight.

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Genetic variants associated with carboplatin-induced cytotoxicity in cell lines derived from Africans.

Publications

Genetic variants associated with carboplatin-induced cytotoxicity in cell lines derived from Africans.

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