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Inhibitory role for GABA in autoimmune inflammation.

ABSTRACT: GABA, the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult brain, has a parallel inhibitory role in the immune system. We demonstrate that immune cells synthesize GABA and have the machinery for GABA catabolism. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) express functional GABA receptors and respond electrophysiologically to GABA. Thus, the immune system harbors all of the necessary constituents for GABA signaling, and GABA itself may function as a paracrine or autocrine factor. These observations led us to ask further whether manipulation of the GABA pathway influences an animal model of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Increasing GABAergic activity ameliorates ongoing paralysis in EAE via inhibition of inflammation. GABAergic agents act directly on APCs, decreasing MAPK signals and diminishing subsequent adaptive inflammatory responses to myelin proteins.

SUBMITTER: Bhat R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2823917 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Inhibitory role for GABA in autoimmune inflammation.

Bhat Roopa R Axtell Robert R Mitra Ananya A Miranda Melissa M Lock Christopher C Tsien Richard W RW Steinman Lawrence L

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20100201 6

GABA, the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult brain, has a parallel inhibitory role in the immune system. We demonstrate that immune cells synthesize GABA and have the machinery for GABA catabolism. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) express functional GABA receptors and respond electrophysiologically to GABA. Thus, the immune system harbors all of the necessary constituents for GABA signaling, and GABA itself may function as a paracrine or autocrine factor. These observations led us ...[more]

PMID: 20133656

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