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Structure, biological functions and applications of the AB5 toxins.

ABSTRACT: AB(5) toxins are important virulence factors for several major bacterial pathogens, including Bordetella pertussis, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella dysenteriae and at least two distinct pathotypes of Escherichia coli. The AB(5) toxins are so named because they comprise a catalytic A-subunit, which is responsible for disruption of essential host functions, and a pentameric B-subunit that binds to specific glycan receptors on the target cell surface. The molecular mechanisms by which the AB(5) toxins cause disease have been largely unravelled, including recent insights into a novel AB(5) toxin family, subtilase cytotoxin (SubAB). Furthermore, AB(5) toxins have become a valuable tool for studying fundamental cellular functions, and are now being investigated for potential applications in the clinical treatment of human diseases.

SUBMITTER: Beddoe T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2929601 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Structure, biological functions and applications of the AB5 toxins.

Beddoe Travis T Paton Adrienne W AW Le Nours Jérôme J Rossjohn Jamie J Paton James C JC

Trends in biochemical sciences 20100302 7

AB(5) toxins are important virulence factors for several major bacterial pathogens, including Bordetella pertussis, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella dysenteriae and at least two distinct pathotypes of Escherichia coli. The AB(5) toxins are so named because they comprise a catalytic A-subunit, which is responsible for disruption of essential host functions, and a pentameric B-subunit that binds to specific glycan receptors on the target cell surface. The molecular mechanisms by which the AB(5) toxins ca ...[more]

PMID: 20202851

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