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Role of matrix metalloproteinase-9 dimers in cell migration: design of inhibitory peptides.

ABSTRACT: Non-proteolytic activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have recently been shown to impact cell migration, but the precise mechanism remains to be understood. We previously demonstrated that the hemopexin (PEX) domain of MMP-9 is a prerequisite for enhanced cell migration. Using a biochemical approach, we now report that dimerization of MMP-9 through the PEX domain appears necessary for MMP-9-enhanced cell migration. Following a series of substitution mutations within the MMP-9 PEX domain, blade IV was shown to be critical for homodimerization, whereas blade I was required for heterodimerization with CD44. Blade I and IV mutants showed diminished enhancement of cell migration compared with wild type MMP-9-transfected cells. Peptides mimicking motifs in the outermost strands of the first and fourth blades of the MMP-9 PEX domain were designed. These peptides efficiently blocked MMP-9 dimer formation and inhibited motility of COS-1 cells overexpressing MMP-9, HT-1080, and MDA-MB-435 cells. Using a shRNA approach, CD44 was found to be a critical molecule in MMP-9-mediated cell migration. Furthermore, an axis involving a MMP-9-CD44-EGFR signaling pathway in cell migration was identified using antibody array and specific receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In conclusion, we dissected the mechanism of pro-MMP-9-enhanced cell migration and developed structure-based inhibitory peptides targeting MMP-9-mediated cell migration.

SUBMITTER: Dufour A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2975217 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Role of matrix metalloproteinase-9 dimers in cell migration: design of inhibitory peptides.

Dufour Antoine A Zucker Stanley S Sampson Nicole S NS Kuscu Cem C Cao Jian J

The Journal of biological chemistry 20100913 46

Non-proteolytic activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have recently been shown to impact cell migration, but the precise mechanism remains to be understood. We previously demonstrated that the hemopexin (PEX) domain of MMP-9 is a prerequisite for enhanced cell migration. Using a biochemical approach, we now report that dimerization of MMP-9 through the PEX domain appears necessary for MMP-9-enhanced cell migration. Following a series of substitution mutations within the MMP-9 PEX domain ...[more]

PMID: 20837483

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Project description:Angiotensin II (AngII) is a central signaling molecule of the renin‑angiotensin system that serves a vital role in myocardial fibrosis (MF). The present study aimed to investigate the effects of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)3 on MF progression. To induce cellular fibrosis, H9C2 rat myocardial cells were treated with AngII for 24 h. Subsequently, cells were treated with levocarnitine, or transfected with small interfering (si)RNA‑negative control or siRNA‑MMP3 (1/2/3). Cell viability, apoptosis and migration were assessed by performing Cell Counting Kit‑8, flow cytometry and Transwell assays, respectively. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR) and western blotting were performed to determine the expression levels of MF biomarkers, including disease‑, apoptosis‑ and oxidative stress‑related genes. Compared with the control group, AngII significantly inhibited H9C2 cell viability and migration, and significantly increased H9C2 cell apoptosis (P<0.05). However, compared with AngII‑treated H9C2 cells, MMP3 knockdown significantly inhibited fibrotic H9C2 cell viability and migration, but increased fibrotic H9C2 cell apoptosis (P<0.05). The RT‑qPCR results demonstrated that MMP3 knockdown significantly downregulated the expression levels of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, AngII receptor type 1, α‑smooth muscle actin and Collagen I in AngII‑treated H9C2 cells (P<0.05). Moreover, compared with AngII‑treated cells, MMP3 knockdown significantly decreased Bcl‑2 expression levels , but significantly increased caspase‑3 and p53 expression levels in AngII‑treated cells (P<0.05). Additionally, compared with AngII‑treated cells, MMP3 knockdown significantly decreased MMP3, MMP9, STAT3, p22Phox and p47Phox expression levels in AngII‑treated cells (P<0.05). The present study indicated that MMP3 knockdown altered myocardial fibroblast cell viability, migration and apoptosis by regulating apoptosis‑ and oxidative stress‑related genes, thus delaying MF progression.

Dataset Information

Role of matrix metalloproteinase-9 dimers in cell migration: design of inhibitory peptides.

Publications

Role of matrix metalloproteinase-9 dimers in cell migration: design of inhibitory peptides.

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